13 research outputs found
Archipelagic Politics: Hawaiian Sovereignty and Settler Narrative
This paper attempts to elucidate the historical trajectory of native sovereignty movements in Hawaiian archipelago and their socio-political struggle with Asian settler colonialism. Proponents of Hawaiian native sovereignty have continuously demanded the nation-to-nation negotiation and the recognition of the U. S. federal government, while Asian settlers as locals in Hawaii, now dominating the ethnic power structures of the State of Hawaii since 1959, strenuously insist on the priority of multiculturalism in the society of immigrants. Politically allied with Democratic Party, Asian settlers are not willing to recognize the rights of indigenous people and their self-determination, let alone forming a coalition with natives. Sovereignty activists argue that this liberal multi-cultural settler ideology effectively supports what they call the structure of settler colonialism which relies on the unjustifiable identification of natives and settlers. Aptly described in Gary Paks novels, Asian settler colonialism in Hawaii is a structural obstacle that hinders settlers coalition with natives by compelling them to forget the history of racial victimization of natives in Hawaiian archipelago. After briefly revisiting the controversial issues of native sovereignty and settler colonialism in Hawaii, I argue that archipelagic politics of coalition could really be dependent upon the settlers recognition, not concession, of the legitimacy of indigenous sovereignty as a realistic strategy for mutual benefit. To be an American should not be the unilateral goal of all ethnic groups in the territories of the States.N
Beyond Sorrowful Ireland: Metonymic Irishness in Irish-American Literature
This paper attempts to categorize the so-called Irish-American Literature in terms of its metonymic Irishness manifested in the literary works of Peter Finley Dunne, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Cormac McCarthy. Irishness has often been identified with the image of sorrowful Ireland with which scholars of literary field in American literature denote the specific character of Irish people and the ethnicity of Irish-Americans. Shorn of strong ethnic identity while maintaining its otherness, Irish-American literatures of the 20th century also resist accepting the negative representation of Irish identity in American culture, thus problematizing the whole logic of identity politics in America and criticizing the racial and even cannibalistic history of American society. Metonymic Irishness of Irish-American literature, therefore, presents the unassimilable ethnicity that repeatedly reappears as a McCarthican apocalyptic narrative. In this sense, metonymic Irishness could be a dark emblem of the distorted Americanness of American literature.1)이 논문은 2014년도 교육부(한국연구재단)의 일반공동연구비 지원에 의하여 수행된 연구임. (과제번호 2014S1A5A2A03064994
비극인가 수사인가 : 미국청교주의를 보는 두 관점
흔히 문학연구와는 무관하게 다루어지곤 하던 청교도시대에 대한 연구가 1980년대 이후 미국학자들을 중심으로 새로운 인기를 얻고 있다. 청교주의에 관한 연구는 20세기 초반부터 본격화되었고, 그간 청교도사상에 관한 몇몇 선구적인 업적들이 나오기도 했다. 이제까지의 청교주의 연구가 대체로 그 사상에 초점을 맞추거나 실증적인 연구에 관심을 두어 왔다면, 최근의 움직임은 미국학연구의 부흥에 힘입어 미국문학사에서 청교도시대가 차지하는 의미를 새로운 논쟁거리로 삼고있다는 점에서 독특하다면 독특하다. 이러한 새로운 경향은 최근에 출판된 여러 미국문학 교재들이나 문학사 연구서들에도 반영되어, 청교도시대 및 청교주의와 관련된 작가들에 할당되는 몫이 전에 비해 높은 비중을 차지하고 있다
Repressed Racial Fear : American Culture and the Ideologization of Korean War
This paper tries to c1arify and explicate the implications of the ideologization of
Korean War in American culture, devlving into the deep-seated guilt and fear of
American POW experiences in the 50 called " forgotten war." Caught between
the national heores of World War II and the wounded but self-determined
veterans of Vietnam War, POWs of Korean War have been treated as nuisance,
or even a national trauma; their experience was neither properly acknowledged
nor entirely repressed. Korean War has been down-sized when it was culturally
necessary to forget how they failted in Asian misadventures, but forcefully
represented as a significant event to start off the long and complicated drama of
Cold War and the happy outcome thereof. Especially, Korean War films like
Manchurian Candidate subtly demonstrates how Korean War has been accepted
and at the same time repressed in American culture as a contradictory but
threatening affair which is chielfy concerned with racial as well as red fear
towards the Asian communist Other. The film brilliantly shows that Korean war
is not entirely forgotten but remains to this day a distortεd image, or a poweful
ideology in service of racial containment in American cultural politics. Still, the
film unexpectedly illustrates how Korean War would work as an ideologized
image in American culture, a far more fancy ghost than the Vietnamese
counterpart for the obliteration of national trauma at the time of cultural crisis
Melancholy and Female Resistance: Mary Rowlandsons Narrative of Captivity and Restoration
This essay tries to re-read female narratives of the 17th century Puritan society in terms of their strategy of melancholic resistance. Focusing on the way the Puritan women upheld their identity as a woman in contradistinction from the patriarchal system of religious community, I would like to elaborate how the Puritan womens writings are much more literary than those of their male counterparts. Especially, Mary Rowlandsons narrative subtly but effectively deconstructs the Puritan taboo of blood mixing. Offering as it does what the Puritan patriarch wants to hear from her captivity and allowing their meta-narrative intervention, Rowlandson performs the role of a gentle woman, which revolves around the doubt about her chastity. Deliberately debasing herself below the human being and effacing her femininity, she succeeds dismantling the Purtian readers expectation of her womanhood. Far too excessive descriptions of her disgraceful sufferings as a survivor, who pushes herself into the extreme of instinctive animality, strangely disarm the ideological structure of the Puritan idea of modest femininity and sacrificial motherhood. In this sense, her narrative is not only the record of her realistic experience per se but also a counter-narrative against the 17th century American Puritan society. Rowlandsons self-presentation as a melancholic, who displaces her denouncing gesture into a disguised self-debasement, aptly resists the time old contradiction in the Purtain patriarchy. Neither a scapegoat of motherhood nor a hero of the Puritan femininity, Rowlandsons narrator simply justifies her survival as a woman.N
A Poetics of Implosion: Typology and Allegory in American Puritanism
Unlike traditional genre conception, the typology in American Puritanism
capitalizes on the literal as well as symbolic connection between biblical figures
and the historical events of colonial New England. Intent on the allegorical
implication of typology, I explore poetic achievements of Puritan poets like Anne
Bradstreet and Edward Taylor, especially the epistemological skepticism of their
meditative poems. Allegory, often suppressed by strong typological drive of Puritan
hermeneutics, turns out to facilitate the moment of implosion within the structure of
that very tight typology. Bradstreets silently-defiant female personae and Taylors
ever-doubting writership both represent the poetics of allegorical implosion in the
fiction of Puritan typology. Allegorical indeterminacy in the 17th century Puritan
poetics marks the triumph of the literary in American literatures against religious
literalism
