32 research outputs found
Discourses on Coping with Past Evils in Joseon Dynasty: A Focus on the Four Major Purges of Literati
이 글의 목적은 조선 중기에 4대 사화(무오·갑자·기묘·을사 사화)에 대한 피해자의 신원·추증 문제를 둘러싸고 치열하게 전개된 정치적 논쟁을 현대의 과거사 정리와 관련된 이론을 적용함으로써 전통시대의 정치와 현대 정치에 대한 비교 사상적 분석을 시도하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 먼저 조선 정치사 연구에 현대의 정치이론인 과거사 정리라는 개념을 적용할 수 있는지 검토하였다. 검토를 통하여 현대의 과거사 정리와 비교할 때, 이념적 기반, 논의 주체 및 참여자의 범위 그리고 정책결정과정 등에서 의미심장한 차이가 있지만, 전통시대인 조선시대에서도 그 나름의 원칙과 절차 및 정치사회적 합의에 기반하여 과거사 정리를 추진했다는 사실을 확인하였다. 특히 조선시대의 과거사 정리를 이끈 유교 정치이념의 헌정적 원칙이나 규범으로 도통 개념에 입각한 정의개념에 주목하였다. 조선시대 주자학자인 사림은 왕통과 도통의 분리를 전제로 정치의 올바른 방향을 실질적으로 담지하고 있는 주체는 왕통을 물려받은 국왕이 아니라 도통을 전수받은 자신들이란 신념을 가지고 있었다. 그리하여 과거사 정리를 통하여 사림파는 왕통을 세습한 국왕이 도통을 계승한 주자학자들을 국정의 동반자로 삼아 공론에 의거하여 정치를 해야 한다는 군신공치(君臣共治) 사상을 헌정적 원칙으로 확립하는 데 성공하였다.The purpose of this essay is to conduct an analysis of comparative political theory by applying contemporary theory regarding coping with past evils to intense debates over four major purges of literati in Joseon Dynasty, theMuo, Kapcha, Kimyo and Eulsa Literati Purges, in which a number of Neo-Confucian literati were purged. To do this, it was examined whether the contemporary political theory regarding coping with past evils could be applied to premodern Joseon history. Through examination, it was confirmed that Joseon Dynasty carried out the task of coping with past evils in accordance with its own principles and procedures and consensus of political society, although there were significant differences between the Joseon era and modern times in normative standard, the scope of subjects and participants in political discourses, and decision-making process. Then discourses on coping with past evils in Joseon were analyzed in terms of the three following questions. First, when issues of coping with past evils were brought up, what kinds of positions were taken by kings and various factions of ministers and literati; how did they express their viewpoints; and why did they take and sustain theirs? Second, how were issues of coping with past evils set up as critical agenda? Third, what were the constitutional principles and norms in Confucianism that led to discourses on coping with past evils in Joseon?이 논문은 2011년도 정부재원(교육과학기술부 사회과학연구지원사업비)으로 한국연구재단의 지
원을 받아 연구되었습니다(NRF-2011-330-B00010)
The Relationship between Democracy and the Rule of Law ; The Clash of Liberal Democracy and the Rule of Law in Korean Politics after Democratization
The purpose of this essay is to examine the clash of liberal democracy and the
rule of law in the context of Korean politics after democratization. The essay
consists of three parts. First of all, the author made the argument that the
distinction between liberal democracy and social democracy is not of much
relevance, as both have converged in terms of their ideology and policy-orientation
in Western and non-Western democracies, although both have different historical
origins. In order to confirm such convergence in Korea as well, he briefly
reviewed clauses related to the basic economic order in the Korean Constitution.
Then, although he agrees to the general interpretation that the liberal democratic
order and the democratic order both of which appear in the Constitution are
almost the same in their meanings, he attempted to show that the former has
strong anti-communist element than the latter and that this legacy still remains
strong, considering the origin of their insertion into the Constitution and the current
legal and political practices. Second, the author examined whether the two
consitutional cases related to President Roh Moo Hyuns impeachment and moving
the administrative capital from Seoul to Gongju area can be considered the clash of
democracy and the rule of law and, then, came to the conclusion that these cases
should not be considered the serious example of such clash. Finally, he suggested
the argument that an impending clash of democracy and the rule of law is more
likely to appear in the form of the clash between democracy and (neo-) liberalism
The Fundamental Language of Contemporary Korean Politics: Crisis of the State, Reform of the State, and the Advanced Country
이 논문은 서구 중심주의의 분석틀에서 벗어나 문제의식의 한국화라는 관점에서 해방 이후 한국 현대정치를 개념화하려는 글이다, 필자들은 한국의 정치현실을 움직이고 만들어낸 독특한 정치언어를 망국의 수사로 규정하고 위기의식의 주입, 위기의 해결 방안, 위기극복 이후 한국의 미래상 제시라는 순서로 전개되는 망국담론의 기본 틀을 망국·개조·선진국으로 요약하였다. 그리고 이 담론이 박정희·전두환 권위주의 정권과 21세기 한국 보수주의에서 어떻게 펼쳐지는지 검토하며, 망국이라는 위기의식을 통해 만들어지는 한국정치의 부정적·긍정적 양상을 파악하고자 하였다. 이 작업은 국권상실·분단·전쟁을 겪으며 한국인의 뇌리에 확고하게 각인된 생존의 문제가 정치적으로 어떻게 표출되었으며, 그로 인해 만들어진 한국정치의 구체적 양상과 정치언어의 특징을 밝히고자 하는 것이다. 결론에서는 이러한 작업을 민주화 이후의 역대정권, 그리고 사회주의와 민족주의 등으로 확대함으로써 한국 현대정치의 사상화 작업의 토대를 마련할 수 있을 것이라고 전망하였다. The purpose of this paper is to identify the fundamental language which has constructed and shaped the basic scenes of contemporary Korean politics, and to trace how it has affected the discourses and the reality of Korean politics since 1960s. We explored how the language, the crisis of the state, has been used by two authoritarian regimes (Park, Chung Hee and Chun, Doo Hwan) and Korean conservatists of the 21st century, as these two groups have repeatedly exploited the crisis of the state discourses to legitimize their political positionings and to mobilize Koreans. These discourses have dominated the basic contents of Korean political language, shaped the certain aspects of political mentality of Koreans, and eventually influenced the politics of Korea both negatively and positively since 1960s. We especially explained the details of the discourses, their political functions
and their usefulness. We also sought to show what has made contemporary Korean political thought unique, and what needs to be made to conceptualize the political experiences of contemporary Korea beyond Eurocentrism.이 논문은 2008년도 정부재원(교육과학기술부 학술연구조성사업비)으로 한국학술진흥재단(현 한국연구재단)의 지원을 받아 연구되었음(KRF-2008-328-B00024
