(The) vertical changes of the lip and perioral soft tissue resulting from incisor retraction

치의학과/석사[한글] 입술의 돌출을 해소하고자 하는 환자들은 자신의 안모 개선을 안모의 측면보다는 거울에서 나타나는 정면을 통하여 느끼는 것이 보편적이다. 안모의 정면에서 평가가 이루어질 때에는 입술이 후방으로 들어간 정도와 함께 입술과 그 주위 조직의 수직적 변화에 의해서도 큰 영향을 받을 수 있으므로 교정치료 진단이나 치료 후 평가를 위한 측모두부 방사선 사진 분석 시 전통적으로 중요시되고 있는 입술의 시상적 이동뿐만 아니라 흔히 간과하기 쉬운 수직적인 변화에 관해서도 평가가 이루어져야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 입술 돌출을 주소로 내원한, 성장이 완료된 성인 여성 61명을 대상으로 측모두부 방사선 사진을 촬영하여 전치의 후방견인 시 나타나는 입술과 주위 연조직의 수직적 변화를 계단식 다중 회귀분석법을 이용하여 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 상, 하순의 philtrum 길이(SnLs, LiB')는 전치의 후방견인 후 증가하였고, 상, 하순의 vermilion height(Lsstms, StmiLi)와 vermilion length(LsLi)는 감소하였다. 2. 상, 하순의 길이(Snstms, StmiB')와 연조직의 하안면 고경(SnMe')은 치료 후 유의성 있는 변화를 보이지 않았다. 3. 상순의 philtrum길이 증가에 상악 전치의 정출(△U1V)이 가장 큰 영향을 주었으며 하순의 philtrum길이 증가에는 치료 전 overjet이 가장 큰 영향을 주었다. 4. 상, 하순의 vermilion height감소에 상순의 두께 감소가 가장 큰 영향을 주었다. [영문] Patients who want to reduce their lip protrusion usually estimate the severity of the lip protrusion on the frontal aspect. Most orthodontists have a perplexed experience of a reduced thin line of vermilion border on the frontal aspect as incisors are retracted, even though the lip protrusion is thought to be reduced favorably on the sagittal aspect. Some patients also look older after orthodontic treatment because of severe lip thinning, which is called dish face. This unaesthetic reduction of vermilion border urges us to study the vertical lip change during orthodontic procedure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the vertical lip and perioral soft tissue changes in respect to incisor retraction in an effort to analyze which factors might be responsible for their vertical changes, using the stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows. 1. Upper and lower lip philtrum length(SnLs, LiB') were increased after retraction of anterior teeth, where as upper and lower vermilion height(LsStms, StmiLi), and vermilion length(LsLi) were decreased. 2. Upper and lower lip length(SnStms, StmiB'), and soft tissue lower anterior facial height(SnMe') did not show any significant difference after treatment. 3. The increase of the upper lip philtrum length was mainly influenced by the extrusion of upper anterior teeth(△U1V), and the increase of the lower lip philtrum length was mainly influenced by the initial overjet before treatment. 4. The decrease of the upper and lower lip vermilion height was mainly influenced by the decrease of upper lip thickness.restrictio

Analyzing of the factors that affect the degree of hair-mercury concentration

학위논문(석사) --서울대학교 보건대학원 :보건학과 보건정책관리학전공,2007.Maste

류마티스 관절염과 이태너셉트 반응성에 관련한 단일염기다형성

학위논문(박사) - 한국과학기술원 : 생명과학과, 2005.2, [ xii, 92 p. ]PART I. Genes and their single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation. Genetically, RA has been highly associated with the HLA-DRB1 locus. In the present work we used a case-control study design to identify HLA-DRB1-independent loci associated with RA in a Korean population. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 62 candidate genes were analyzed in 544 RA patients and 392 controls. Among 293 SNPs selected from a public database, 173 SNPs were polymorphic in a pooled case-control mixture. When these SNPs were assayed in separate case and control DNA pools, the difference in allele frequency between the two pools was larger than 0.045 (cut-off value) in 17 SNPs in 13 genes. The case and control samples were then individually genotyped for these 17 SNPs. We observed associations between RA and 11 SNPs in 8 genes located in the HLA region. Among them, one SNP (RA277) in HSPA1A was associated with RA susceptibility independent of the both HLA-DRB1 $^{*}0405$ and $^{*}0901$ alleles; the P values for the SNP was $8.3×10^{-8}$ (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.4 - 2.2) in the total samples and 0.0068 (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1 - 2.0) after adjusting $^{*}0405$ and $^{*}0901$ alleles. The other 10 SNPs in 6 other genes (MICA, BAT1, ATP6V1G2, NFKBIL1, TNFA and TNXB) were not associated with RA in the $^{*}0405$ or $^{*}0901$ negative samples, implying that these SNPs were in linkage equilibrium with HLA-DRB1 $^{*}0405$ or $^{*}0901$ alleles. These findings suggest the hypothesis that RA susceptible gene or genes other than HLA-DRB1 may be located in HSPA1A locus. PART II. Pharmacogenetics of response to etanercept therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis Etanercept therapy is widely applied to treat RA, JRA, but it is expensive and one third of RA patients are not good responders. Therefore it would be valuable to predict etanercept efficac...한국과학기술원 : 생명과학과

대장균에서 일라스테즈 억제제인 거머린의 발현과, 재조합 거머린의 특성에 관한 연구

학위논문(석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 생물과학과, 1999.2, [ v, 37 p. ]Guamerin, a cysteine-rich protein from the Korean leech Hirudo nipponia, is a potent inhibitor of elastase. The guamerin encoding gene was obtained by polymerase chain reaction and expressed in Escherichia coli under the control of T7lac promoter by using a pET22b vector, which has a pelB leader sequence and a 6 X Histidine tag at the N-terminal and C-terminal regions, respectively. Recombinant guamerin was purified using His$\cdot$Bind affinity column and reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography. N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis, compostion analysis and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry confirmed that recombinant guamerin had correctly processed N-terminus, expected amino acid sequence and molecular mass. The activity of recombinat guamerin was very similar to that of native protein. Double reciprocal plotting showed that the recombinant guamerin had inhibition constant of $8.8 \times 10^{-9}$ M against elastase, which is comparable to native guamerin. Recombinant guamerin formed a protease-inhibitor complex which was demonstrated by gel permeation chromatography. The recombinant guamerin may provide a useful tool for the evaluation of the elastase inhibitory mechanism and for treating various inflammatory human diseases .한국과학기술원 : 생물과학과