대량구매에 대한 최적가격할인정책

학위논문(박사) - 한국과학기술원 : 산업공학과, 1987.8, [ v, 161 p. ]Most of the researches on quantity discount deal with the problem of determining the economic order quantities from the perspective of the buyer, assuming a quantity discount schedule is already given by the supplier. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze how the supplier can formulate the terms of a quantity discount pricing schedule, assuming that buyers always behave optimally. First, the effects of price and order size are analyzed on the inventory related cost of a single customer and the profit of a supplier. In this regard, three cases are formulated as follows; Case 1 : The supplier tries to maximize his profit without increasing the current inventory related cost of the customer. Case 2 : The customer tries to minimize his inventory related cost without decreasing the current profit of the supplier. Case 3 : Both the supplier and the customer tries to minimize a joint cost function under the condition that the gain induced by the changes of price and order size are split according to a predetermined ratio. The first two can be regarded as the special cases of the third. The above results are extended to the case where the supplier has to pay the freight cost which increases stepwise as the order size increases. And then, we discuss how the seller can determine parameters, i.e., discount rate and price break point, of some well-known quantity discount systems to reach intended levels of price and order size. Second, the problem of designing an optimal quantity discount schedule is analyzed for the case where the supplier deals with multiple customers and with a single price break. Both all-unit and incremental price discount systems are considered. We investigate the cases where both the discount coefficient and the price break point are unknown and either one of them is prescribed. An algorithm is developed which maximizes the supplier``s economic gain without causing any additional cost to the customers. Third, the problem of designing an optimal q...한국과학기술원 : 산업공학과

(A) study on inventory models for a system with deterioration

학위논문 (석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 산업공학과, 1979.2, [ [ii], 52 p. ]Several inventory models are considered in which the inventory is depleted not only by demand but also by deterioration. The problem of simultaneously setting price and ordering quantity for items with Weibull deterioration is considered. A model with deterministic demand and instantaneous supply in which the demand is a decreasing function of the price is adopted. Simultaneous equations that can be solved by numerical method are established for determination of the optimal price and the ordering quantity for two different cases, with shortage and without shortage. For the no shortage, an example is solved and the sensitivity of its optimal solutions to change of parameters is studied. Production lot sizing problem for a system with exponentially decaying inventory is considered. From the exact cost function developed, an approximate cost function is derived using Taylor series expansion. An approximate optimal solution is derived and shown better than the Misra``s result(6). And some notable properties of the formula are commented. Determination of both the reorder point and the ordering quantity for a system with stochastic demand or lead time and with exponential deterioration is considered.한국과학기술원 : 산업공학과