상악 전치부에 발생한 이중치: 증례보고

Fusion and gemination are irregularities in tooth development. It is often difficult to differentiate between gemination and fusion and it is common to refer to these anomalies as 'double teeth'. The deciduous teeth are most commonly involved, but in 0.1% of cases permanent teeth are affected, in which case aesthetic, funtional and periodontal problems can result. Double teeth present great difficulties in management and required a multidisciplinary approach. The central groove on the labial and palatal surfaces of a double tooth is extremely prone to caries, therefore early 'fissure sealing' is essential. In permanent dentition, surgical separation of fused teeth may be possible with subsequent orthodontic alignment and restorative treatment as needed to reshape the crown. Reshaping or reduction of a double tooth with a single canal may be attempted by modifying the appearance of the labial groove and the use of composite tints but is often impossible and extraction may be the only alternative. Orthodontic treatment and prosthetic replacement is then required. Implants may be an option for adolescents. The present study describes three clinical cases of double teeth in the position of the maxillary permanent incisors. The first case demonstrates an example of multidisciplinary care including surgical intraoral hemisection, root canal therapy, restorative and orthodontic treatment. The second and third cases describe the external and internal morphology of the two fused teeth by means of three dimensional dental computer tomography

어린이에서 함치성 낭과 연관된 매복 소구치와 대구치의 치료

Tooth impaction is a frequently observed eruption anomaly in pediatric dental practice. Young patients with impacted or unerupted teeth have more prediction for dentigerous cyst formation. Dentigerous cyst presents radiographic features, unilocular or multilocular radioluscency. Cysts occur most frequently in the premolar region except third molar. Dentigerous cysts can grow to a considerable size, and large cysts may be associated with a painless expansion of the bone in the involved area. Extensive lesions may result in facial asymmetry, osseous destruction, root resorption of proximal teeth and displacement of associated tooth. The nature of the causative tooth influences the type of surgical treatment required for the dentigerous cyst. If the cyst is associated with a supernumerary or wisdom tooth, complete enucleation of the cyst along with extraction of tooth may be the first treatment choice. Otherwise, preservation of the associated teeth should be considered to prevent a young patient from psychological and mental trauma because of the loss of tooth. We should consider the degree of tooth displacement, osseous destruction and growth pattern of oromaxillofacial area when planning treatment. Thus a proper and logical treatment planning can help a proper growth and development of oromaxillofacial area and can save the patient from a psychological and mental trauma. This report describes 4 cases of the management of impacted premolars and molars associated with dentigerous cysts in children

수평 매복된 상악 중절치의 교정적 견인: 증례 보고

Maxillary central incisor impactions occur infrequently. Their origins include various local causes, such as odontoma, supernumerary teeth, space loss, and disturbances in the eruption path, also trauma and apical follicular cysts. Impacted teeth can cause serious dental and aesthetic difficulties as well as psychological problems especially in anterior regions. Although the impaction of maxillary incisor occurs less frequently than that of the maxillary canine, it is of concern to parents during the early mixed dentition stage because of the uneruption of the tooth. Forced eruption of impacted teeth should be considered in young patients because this technique can lead to suitable results from a periodontal, occlusal, and esthetic perspective at an earlier stage better than with other treatment options. This report presents the surgical and orthodontic treatment of cases with horizontally impacted and dilacerated maxillary central incisors. For each patient, we used the closed eruption method, placed an attachment on the impacted tooth on surgery, and fully closed the flap. Traction was applied immediately. The impacted tooth erupts through the healed tissue in a manner resembling normal eruption

심실 중격 결손에 의한 감염성 심내막염 환자의 치과치료

Infective endocarditis is a life-threatening disease, although it is relatively uncommon. Substantial morbidity and mortality result from this infection. Therefore, primary prevention of endocarditis whenever possible is very important. The American Heart Association updated recommendations for the prevention of infective endocarditis in individuals at risk for this disease in 1997. But, utilization of antibiotic prophylaxis for patients at risk does not provide absolute immunity from infection. This report presents the case of infective endocarditis that occurred in spite of appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis in the ventricular septal defect(VSD) patient

(A) study on future strategy of the korean petrochemical industry by analysing historical driving forces and emerging issues

학위논문(석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 미래전략대학원프로그램, 2017.8,[iv, 99 p. :]동 연구는 우리나라 석유화학산업의 미래 전략을 수립하는 방법론을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구방법으로 정태적인 모델이나 통계데이터를 활용하는 방식이 아니라, 문헌조사와 함께 STEPPER 분석기법을 활용하여 국내 업계, 학계, 연구계 등 대표적인 전문가들을 대상으로 심층적인 설문조사를 병행하면서 그동안 우리나라 석유화학산업의 성장을 이끈 역사적인 동인에 대해 살펴보고, 현재의 동인이 향후 미래에도 적용이 가능한지를 분석하였다. 또한, 2040년까지 새롭게 떠오르고 있는 트렌드와 이머징 이슈들을 미래이슈분석기법과 전문가 인터뷰를 통해 추출하였다. 이를 통해 미래에도 적용 가능한 변화요인으로서 국제유가 변화, 중국경제 전망 및 미래핵심소재 개발 등 3개 요인을 확정하였고, 이를 기반으로 유의미한 4가지 시나리오를 구성하였다. 아울러, 시나리오 별로 특징적인 대응방안을 제시하면서 모든 시나리오에서 공통적인 대응방안은 우월전략으로, 각 시나리오별로 차별화된 대응방안은 컨틴전시 플랜으로 구분하여 제시하였다.한국과학기술원 :미래전략대학원프로그램

A Study on the influence factors of policy alternative selection : Seoul-Pusan high speed rail case

학위논문(박사)--서울大學校 大學院 :行政學科 行政學專攻,1996.Docto

(The) variation of the cranio facio-skeletal complex according to change of the gonial angle

치의학과/석사[한글]정상교합자 80명과 부정교합자 226명의 두부 X-선 계측사진의 분석에 의해서 gonial angel의 변화에 따른 두부 및 안면부 골격에서 각 길이 비율의 변화를 측정하여 다음과 같 은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 정상교합군의 gonial angle의 평균치는 118.36°이며 부정교합군에서는 121.52°였으며 정상교합군의 lower gonial angle은 74.09°이며 부정교합군은 77.29°이고 upper Gonial angle은 정상교합군에서 44.28°, 부정교합군에서 44.23°였다. 2. gonial angle의 크기는 주로 lower gonial angle에 따라 좌우되어 나타났으며 upper gonial angle의 평균치는 정상교합군과 부정교합군이 거의 일정하게 나타났다. 3. gonial angle에 따라 F검사 결과 95%의 신뢰도에서 유의성을 나타내는 항목은 정상교합군에서 14개 항목, 부정교합군에서는 22항목이었다. 4. gonial angle이 감소함에 따라 Ramus height와 Mandibular body length가 증가하였으며 전후방 안면고경비율(Facial ratio)은 감소했다. 5. gonial angle의 크기와 SN-1과 inter-incisal angle은 무관하게 나타났다. 6. 정상교합군에서는 MP-1, over bite depth, Y-axis angle은 gonial angle과 유의성이 없었으나 부정교합군에서는 gonial angle이 적어지면 MP-T은 커지고 over bite depth도 증가했으며 Y-axis angle은 gonial angle이 감소하면 따라서 감소했다. 7. 정상교합군에서 gonial angle과 다른 항목과의 상관관계 계수는 lower gonial angle과 SN-MP가 0.73, lower gonial angle과 PR-MP는 0.72로 비교적 높게 나타났으며 부정교합군에서는 gonial angle과 Y-axis angle이 0.72, lower gonial angle과 전후방 안면고경 비율이 -0.73, lower gonial angle과 SN-MP가 0.87, lower gonial angle과 PP-MP가 0.83, lower gonial angle과 OP-MP가 0.77로 비교적 높게 나타났다. 8. gonial angle이 증가함에 따라 SN-MP, OP-MP, PP-MP가 증가했는데 이는 upper gonial angle보다는 lower gonial angle에 따라 크게 좌우됨을 알 수 있었다. [영문]In order to know the variation of the associated craniofacial skeletal angle and linear distance according to the change of gonial angle, the roentgenographic cephalo metric study was undertaken in Korean normal cephalmotric analysis and eletric computer. The following results was optained. 1) The size of gonial angle is mainly depend on the lower gonial angle. The mean of upper gonial gngle is almost same in normal occlusion group and malocclusion group. 2) It was resulted on normal group and malocclnsion group by F test that the number of parameters that were significant at 5% level of confidence were 14 parameters in normal occlusion group and 22 parameters in malocclusion group. 3) Ramus height and mandibular body length increased and facial ratio is decreased as gonial angle decreased. 4) MP-T, overbite depth and Y-axis angle is not related to gonial angle in normal occlusion group, but in moloclusion group, as gonial angle decreased, MP-T and overbite depth is increase and Y-axis angle is decreased. 5) SN-MP, OP-MP, PP-MP is increased as gonial anglel increased. it was mainly depend on the lower gonial angle.restrictio

A Historical Survey of Literary Work Material in Korean Language Education for Foreigners

From Ancient Times every Nations have interested in Foreign Language and Interpreters have learned Foreign Language for Diplomacy. For Example, many Histories of Ancient China recorded Languages of Korean Ancient Nations. In Medieval Ages Literary Works entered as Education Material in Foreign Language Education. In case of Korea, Literary Works were utilized in learning Foreign Languages - Chinese, Mongolian, Manchu and japanese -in Yi-Dynasty