An Integrative Review of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder

Purpose: The present study aimed to review the characteristics of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) programs for alcohol use disorders and to examine the outcomes of such programs. Methods: We searched for domestic and foreign studies that implemented a CBT program for alcohol use disorders, published from 2006 to 2017. Studies that met inclusion/exclusion criteria were selected and a quality assessment was performed using the Risk of Bias (RoB) and Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomized Studies (RoBANS) instruments. We utilized a five-stage analysis process, through which nine experimental studies were selected. Results: Of these nine studies, four were randomized controlled trials, four used a quasi-experimental design, and one used a qualitative design. The CBT involved the three domains of cognitive reconstruction, problem solving, and coping. Coping with drinking situations and communication constituted most of the sessions. The outcomes of such interventions showed that CBT had a positive effect on alcohol use and self-evaluation. Conclusion: CBT is an effective way to change alcohol use behaviors, motivation, interpersonal relationships, emotional control, and self-efficacy among patients with alcohol use disorders. This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of CBT-based programs for the treatment of alcohol use disorders

Factors related to suicide ideation in older women living alone

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate suicide ideation and attempts in older women living alone and to identifythe factors affecting suicide ideation. Methods: This is a cross-sectional correlational study using secondary dataanalysis. Original data (n=1,023) were collected using face-to-face interviews from August to October 2018 inSiheung city to investigate the need for health care and daily life support services. Study participants were 297 olderwomen (age=74.67±5.35), with inclusion criteria being women≥65 years old and living alone, those withoutcognitive impairment(Mini-Mental State Examination-2 Standard Version (MMSE-2 SV)≥24), and those who couldevaluate instrumental activities of daily living. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, independent t-test,Pearsons correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Data analysis showed 26.9%of participants reported suicide ideation with a frequency of 4.14 out of 10 points. Among study participants, 8.8%had attempted suicide with an average of 2.65 attempts. Participants who had children thought about suicide morethan those who did not. Living children, personal income, participation in economic activity, social support,depression, chronic diseases, frailty, and suicide attempts were significantly correlated with suicide ideation. Therefore, depression, frailty and suicide attempts were factors affecting suicide ideation for older women livingalone. Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence that evaluating depression, frailty, and history of suicide attemptsis important for suicide prevention in older women living alone.N

Experiences of Healthcare and Daily Life Support Services in Community-dwelling Elders Living Alone: A Thematic Analysis using Focus Group Interviewing

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences and needs for healthcare and daily life support services in community-dwelling elders living alone. Methods: A focus group interviewing approach was adopted for this study. From November 13 to 14, 2018, three focus groups with a total of 22 elders living alone were interviewed using semi-structured research questions. The collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: From the analysis, three main themes and six sub-themes emerged. One main theme was complaints about lack of information. Another theme was pros and cons of service experiences. The other theme was needs for recipient-centered services. Conclusion: The findings of the study provide deep understanding on the experiences of healthcare and daily life support services for elders living alone. Healthcare providers should be aware of these experiences and the needs of elders living alone when they develop elder-tailored integrative programs.N