Mechanism of reduction in renal concentrating operation in hypothermia

의학과/석사[한글] [영문] To elucidate the mechanism of reduction in the renal concentrating operation in hypothermia, the kidney were removed from 13 euthermic and 10 hypothermic (average rectal temp. 25C) dogs and four slices of the tissue from papilla to cortex were cut for each kidney. The Na, K, Ci and urea concentrations of the slice were then determined in slice extracts. Although urine osmolarity was significantly reduced in hypothermia, the overall relationship between papillary Na and urea concentrations and urine osmolarity was comparable in both euthermia and hypothermia, indicating that the renal concentrating operation is impaired in hypothermia primarily because of corresponding reduction in the medullary osmotic gradient. However, papillary Na and urea concentrations at a given urine osmolarity was somewhat higher in some hypothermic kidneys than in euthermic ones, suggesting that the impairment of renal concentrating ability in hypothermia is partly attributable to a failure of the collecting duct to osmetically equilibrate with the surrounding media. On the basis of the latter finding, it is postulated that the action of ADH is less effective in hypothermia, and the possible reasons for this postulate are discussed.restrictio

A Study on the Equation Formulae for Estimation of Sitting Height from the Measurements of the Trunk in Korean Fetuses

The authors have measured the 2, 100 Korean fetuses ranging from 16 to 36 weeks in age to induce the equation formulae for the estimation of sitting height in terms of the measurements of the trunk and the following conclusions have been drawn, L The correlation coefficients of over 0.9 between the sitting height and the measurements of the trunk are indicative of highly correlated condition. 2. Differences of approximately 4mm, in male and 3mm, in female are manifested between actual and estimated sitting heights, where the estimations are based on single measurement. 3. Differences of approximately 3mm. in male and 2mm. in female are manifested between actual and estimated sitting heights, where the estimations are based on double measurements. 4. The estimated sitting heights from double mea' surements are closer to actual one than from single measurement

A Study of the Plasma Level of Cyclic Nucleotides in Bronchial Asthmatics

The plasma levels of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-mono phosphate (cGMP) and the serum level of aminophylline were measured in bronchial asthmatics. Their ages ranged from 5 years to 89 years and durations of symptom from 3 months to 30 years. Blood samplings were taken between 10:00 AM and 12:00 MD. 1. In bronchia! asthmatics, the mean plasma level of cAMP was 9. 7±7. 1 pmol/ml(mean±S.D., l pmol/ ml to 38pmol/ml) and was significantly higher than that of norma! adults (p<O.01). The mean plasma level of cGMP was 3. 9±1. 7 pmol/ml (mean±S.D., 0.5 pmol/ml to 9.2 pmol/ml) and was not significantly different from normal adults. 2. In bronchial asthmatics without wheezing whose serum levels of aminophylline were not detected, the mean plasma levels of cAMP and cGMP were 8.9± 7.8 pmol/ml and 3. 7±2. 0 pmol/ml respectively. In bronchial asthmatics with wheezing whose serum levels of aminophylline were not detected, the mean plasma levels of cAMP and cGMP were 7. 7±5. 7 pmol/ml and 4.4::1.2.0 prnol/rnl (mean ±S.D.) respectively. There was no significant difference between bronchial asthmatics with wheezing and those without wheezing. 3. In bronchial asthmatics whose serum levels of aminophylline were higher than 2.5pg/ml, the mean plasma level of cAMP was significantly higher than bronchial asthmatics whose serum levels of aminophylline were not detected (p<O.OI). But the mean plasma level of cGMP was not different significa· ntly (p>0.05). 4. There was no correlation between the serum level of aminophylline and the plasma levels of cAMP and cGMP