Policy Issues of the National Innovation System Approach

이 글에서는 국가혁신체제론에서 바라보는 혁신정책의 특성을 몇가지 이슈를 중심으로 살펴보았다. 우선 정책대상인 기술혁신에 대해 국가혁신체제론이 취하고 있는 관점을 정리하였다. 조직루틴과 제도를 중시하고, 과학기술계를 넘어 다양한 혁신주체들을 고려하는 시각을 검토했다. 또 혁신관련 제도들간의 보완성, 기술과 혁신체제의 선택적 친화성, 시스템 전환과 관련된 주제들을 살펴보았다. 다음에는 이 논의들을 바탕으로 국가혁신체제론의 정책적 지향을 논의하였다. It is often argued that the policy recommendations of the national innovation system(NIS) approach are not concrete and helpful for solving urgent problems of science and techonlogy policy. This study looks into the policy issues of the NIS approach to improve the policy relevance of that approach. This article reviews how the NIS approach conceptualizes the innovation process and suggests several issues; the importance of organizational routines and institutions in innovation, complementarities of innovation-related institutions, and the transition of NIS. This study discusses the viewpoint resulting from the concept of innovation in the NIS approach

The government role and public policy In the post catch-up innovation system

본 연구는 새로운 혁신체제 전환을 지향하는 과정에서 정부의 역할 변화와 정책적 대응이 어떻게 나타나고 있는가를 우리나라와 핀란드 사례로 비교 분석하였다. 분석 결과 우리나라와 핀란드 양국은 혁신체제 전환을 시도하면서 혁신주도형 경제 체제 구축이라는 정책 비전과 의제의 창출, 혁신을 중심으로 한 정책 통합, 정책의 리더십 강화를 위한 정부의 역할과 개입기제 변화, 정책조정과 대응 기제를 강화하기 위한 행정 및 조직 체계 개편, 거버넌스로의 관리 전환, 다양한 정책 실험 시도 등 매우 유사한 정책적 대응을 해 왔음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 우리나라의 경우 실제 정책을 추진하거나 일하는 방식은 아직도 추격국가 시대의 틀이 유지되고 있다. 특히 핀란드와 비교했을 때 전환 전반이 하향식으로 이루어지면서, 민간부문과 시민사회의 능동적인 참여가 부족했다. 이로 인해 탈추격형 혁신체제 전환을 시도하려는 다양한 노력이 아직 탄력을 받지 못하고 있다. The main objective of this research is to provide a government role and Policy confrontation in the post catch-up innovation system. Particularly, this study analysed characteristics of the government role and public policy in trying transformation of innovation system. It made a comparison with Finland case that succeeded in system transformation to innovation driven economy. In the middle of a transition from the catch-up stage to the post catch-up stage, the old policy recipes do not work any longer. In a period of fundamental change, the state has to take the leading role in helping companies to get out of path dependency as a partner in the adventure of exploring a new development path. Particularly, there are many similarities such as creation of policy vision and agenda, policy integration to innovation, institutional structure reform, management transformation to governance, various policy experiment in the middle of innovation system transition. But real policy-making process and policy results are different. Although similarities in macro level, there are various differences in micro level and in detail analysis in separate policy

The Small High-Tech Firms of Silicon Valley and their Organizational Environment

There are a lot of organizations which support the growth and development of small high-tech firms in Silicon Valley. Incubator organizations, venture capitals, and business service firms help entrepreneurs start up small high-tech firms by providing various managerial resources. Technical expertise in Silicon Valley is spread arcoss a lot of specialist enterprises, which continue to develop independent capabilities while simultaneously learning from one another. In collaborating with other firms to define and manufacture new systems, they used to build up inter-firm networks. These inter-firm networks are long-term partnerships rather than short-term procurement arrangement. The network-type inter-firm collaboration help high-tech company speed the pace of introduction of new products and improve product quality and performance. The growth and development of innovative firms and the inter-firm networks in Silicon Valley are the sources of the sustained technlogical dynamism of the Silicon Valley Economy