A Critical Review on the Origin of Cheong Yakyongs Yaobian Theory : Focusing on the Yaobian Theory of Complementary Commentary on the Official Divinatory Records of the Spring and Autumn Period

주역 은 대략 서주(기원전 약11세기∼기원전 771년) 초기에 형성된 것으로 알려져 있다. 『주역』의 주(周)가 나라 이름인 점을 감안하면, 『주역』이 주나라 이전인 하나라나 상나라의 역이 아님은 분명하다. 『주역』이 형성된 이후『주역』과 가장 가까운 시대는 춘추시대(기원전 770년∼기원전 476년)라 할 수 있다. 이 시기에 『주역』과 관련된 문헌은 『춘추좌씨전』이 대표적이다. 『춘추좌씨전』에는 『주역』과 관련된 점례가 많이 등장한다. 이 점례들은 춘추시대에 행해졌던 수많은 점례 중에서 역사적으로 기록될 만큼 중요한 점례였던 것으로 추측할 수 있다. 이러한 점례들이 중요한 것은 춘추시대가 『주역』이 형성된 시기와 가장 가까워서 『주역』의 원래 모습을 가장 많이 보존하고 있다고 생각하기 때문이다.The purpose of this paper is to make a critical review on Cheong Yakyongs Yaobian theory expressed in his Complementary Commentary on the Official Divinatory Records of the Spring and Autumn Period(春秋官占補). Cheong Yakyong draw two 註conclusions from this Complementary Commentary on the Official Divinatory Records of the Spring and Autumn Period(春秋官占補註), First is a Yiyaobian(一爻變), Second is a Benguaweizhu (本卦爲主). Yiyaobian is not a traditional concept, so author raise two questions in this paper. One Question is this: How do we understand Qianzhibi(乾之否)s divinatory record of the Official Divinatory Records of the Spring and Autumn Period. According to Tasan's opinion, this divinatory record is not belong to the divinatory rule of the Zhouyi, this should be counted as belonging to the divinatory rule of the Lianshan and Guicang. But With regard to this opinion, Tasan did not provide a reasonable explanation. The other Question is this: How do we understand Zhongfangding(中方鼎)s inscription, which was proved to be excavated materials of the Western Zhou(西周) period. According to Li Xueqins opinion, Zhongfangdings inscription was the proof of Duoyaobian(多爻變)

A Comparative Study on the Yaobian Theory of Cheong Yakyong and Wu Cheng

북허남오(北許南吳)로 대표되는 원대의 대학자 오징(吳澄, 1249-1333)은 조선조의 사상에 많은 영향을 끼쳤고, 조선 역학사(易學史)에 있어서도 그 영향이 적다고 할 수 없다. 현전하는 우리나라 最古의 주역 관련 저작으로 평가받고 있는 조선 초의 학자 권근이 지은 을 보면, 정이천의 , 주희의 와 함께 오징의 의 영향을 쉽게 찾아볼 수 있다. 조선 후기의 대학자 다산 정약용(丁若鏞, 1762-1836)도 역학 관련 저서에서 오징의 견해를 많이 채택하고 있다. 정약용의 대표적인 역학 저작인 을 살펴보더라도 때략 9곳에서 오징의 견해를 인용하고 있어, 오징의 해석에 대한 다산의 평가가 어떠한지 미루어 짐작할 수 있다.The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the origin of Yaobian(爻變) theory of Cheong Yakyong(丁若鏞). for this purpose, this paper tried to make a comparative study of Cheong Yakyong and Wu Cheng(吳澄). Wu Cheng(吳澄) is a great Confucian Scholar in the Yuan Dynasty. He wrote Yizuanyan(易纂言), which is a his representative work about Yi Studies. In Yisuanyan(易纂言), Wu Cheng classified methods of interpretation of Zhou yi into 12 methods as follows. 1. Guatong(卦統), 2. Guadui(卦對), 3. Guabian(卦變), 4. Guazhu(卦主), 5. Biangua(變卦), 6. Hugua(互卦), 7. Xiangli(象例), 8. Zhanli(占例), 9. Cili(辭例), 10. Bianli(變例), 11. Yiyuan(易原), 12. Yiliu(易流). In these 12 methods, Biangua(變卦) is a theory of Yaobian. According to this viewpoint, we know that Wu Cheng use Yaobian theory in the interpretation of Zhou Yi

茶山『易』學의 占筮的 性格에 관한 硏究

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :종교학과,1998.Maste

A Study on Yi Byeongheon(李炳憲)’s Criticism of Confucius’s Shi yi(十翼): Focusing on Influence of Kang You-Wei(康有爲)’s Xin xue wei jing kao(新學僞經考)

Confucius‘s Shi yi(十翼) has been accepted as a traditional orthodoxy of Confucianism for about 2,000 years after Liu xin(劉歆)’s Qi lue(七略). However, due to the influences of the Song’s school of suspecting the ancient (疑古學), the Qing’s Textual Criticism(考證學) and School of Gongyang(公羊), Confucius‘s Shi yi(十翼) was criticized by many scholars. In this context, Yi Byeongheon, who lived in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, seems to have attempted a reasonable check on the author of Shi yi(十翼). And the purpose of a reasonable check on the author of Shi yi(十翼) is to upgrade Tuan(彖)·Xiang(象)·Wen Yan(文言)·the front part of Shuo Gua(說卦) created by Confucius to the position of The Scripture. Especially, in the point that the core idea of Confucian Religion Movement by Yi Byeongheon(李炳憲) is the way of god(神道) theory in Tuan(彖), the author of Tuan(彖) must be Confucius, and Tuan(彖) also must be the position of The Scripture.Yi Byeongheon's criticism of Confucius’s Shi yi(十翼) can be regarded as basically influenced by Xin xue wei jing kao(新學僞經考) of Kang You-Wei(康有爲), a scholar of JinWenXue(今文學) in late Qing Dynasty. Of course, Yi Byeongheon did not accept the point of view of Kang You-Wei(康有爲) uncritically. It is Yi Byeongheon's unique viewpoint that the front part of Shuo Gua(說卦), that is from ‘昔者聖人之作易’ to ‘成言乎艮’ is the work of Confucius.이 논문은2017년서울대학교인문학연구원산하종교문제연구소동삼운해유교연구기금으로부터 지원받았음이 논문의 게재료는 서울대학교 인문학연구원에서 지원 받았

A Study on Tasan Cheong Yakyong’s Understanding about Chinese History of Yiology: Focusing on Yixue Xuyuan(易學緖言)

본 연구는 다산의 중국역학사 인식이 어떠한 것인가라는 문제를 제기했으며, 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법적인 틀로서 『四庫全書總目提要』의 중국역학사 분류법인 `양파육종`을 제시했다. 그리고 연구 자료로 다산의 역학 저서인 『역학서언』을 활용했다. 본론에서 필자는 『역학서언』의 자료를 활용해 `양파육종`에 대한 다산의 인식이 어떠했는지를 구체적으로 분석했다. 이러한 분석을 통해 본 연구는 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 즉, 다산 역학은 `양파`의 분류법상 상수파에 속하며, `육종`의 분류법상 한대漢代 상수학에 속한다. 다산 정약용의 중국역학사 인식에 대한 연구는 우리 학계의 다산 역학 연구에 있어서 최근까지 연구되지 못한 분야이며, 따라서 이 분야에 대한 새로운 연구라는 점에서 그 의의가 있다. 이러한 상황에서 본 연구는 다산 역학의 역학사적 위치와 그 근거에 대해 새로운 논의와 시각을 제공해 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.This article aims at elucidating Tasan Cheong Yakyong`s understanding about the Chinese History of Yiology. For this purpose I used the Classification System of Chinese Yiology in Siku Quanshu(四庫全書), that is `Liangpai Liuzong(兩派六宗)`. And I made use of Yixue Xuyan(易學緖言) as a basic research material. In the body of this article, I analyzed the Tasan Cheong Yakyong`s understanding about `Liangpai Liuzong(兩派六宗)`. From this analysis, I had come to the conclusion that Tasan`s Yi studies belong to the School of Images and Numbers(象數派), and also belong to the School of Images and Numbers in the Han period(漢代象數學). Studies on Tasan Cheong Yakyong`s understanding about the Chinese History of Yiology up to recently are not carried out, so this article has a significance of the new research in this area.이 논문은 2014년 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 국내 신진학자 초청 연구교류 사업의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임

Direct electron transfer between frhAGB-encoding hydrogenase and TrxR in a non-methanogenic hyperthermophilic archaeon

Previously, a gene cluster homologous to the frhAGB encoding F420-reducing hydrogenase (Frh) was identified in a non-methanogen Thermococcus onnurineus NA.The heterotrimeric enzyme complex exhibited hydrogenase activity with methyl viologen, FMN or FAD as electron acceptor, but not with deazaflavin coenzyme F420, implicating that it has a role distinct from that of homologues from methanogens. Herein, we describe that Frh from T. onnurineus NA1 can reduce thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). In the course of understanding the role of TrxR in T. onnurineus NA1, we employed protein-protein interaction tools and some protein bands, of which one band was identified as a protein coded by frhG afterwards, were pulled down with TrxR in the immunoprecipitation experiment using an antibody against TrxR. The relationship between the hydrogenase and TrxR was further investigated, and TrxR could be reduced directly by Frh, coupled with H2 oxidation in the absence of any other electron carriers. Subsequently, the reduced TrxR by Frh relayed cascade of electron transfer to a sulfur response regulator, SurR. The mechanism behind the phenomena will be discussed., FMN or FAD as electron acceptor, but not with deazaflavin coenzyme F420, implicating that it has a role distinct from that of homologues from methanogens. Herein, we describe that Frh from T. onnurineus NA1 can reduce thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). In the course of understanding the role of TrxR in T. onnurineus NA1, we employed protein-protein interaction tools and some protein bands, of which one band was identified as a protein coded by frhG afterwards, were pulled down with TrxR in the immunoprecipitation experiment using an antibody against TrxR. The relationship between the hydrogenase and TrxR was further investigated, and TrxR could be reduced directly by Frh, coupled with H2 oxidation in the absence of any other electron carriers. Subsequently, the reduced TrxR by Frh relayed cascade of electron transfer to a sulfur response regulator, SurR. The mechanism behind the phenomena will be discussed.1