Ensemble Learnig Algorithm using Virtual Data

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Korean economy before the currency crisis

행사명 : Policy Advice on Enhancement of Tax Administration and Tax Policy Phase I

Retrospective evaluation of alfaxalone as an induction agent of inhalation anesthesia: 150 cases

This study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of alfaxalone for induction of inhalation anesthesia in small animal practice. Patient data were collected according to anesthetic records (136 dogs and 14 cats) presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University for surgeries and diagnostic imaging from July 2013 to March 2014. Anesthetic results included signalment, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, premedicated drugs, procedures, induction quality, and recovery after anesthesia. One hundred fifty anesthetic events were classified according to the ASA grade. Three patients were ASA grade I, 52 patients grade II, 86 patients grade III, and 9 patients grade IV, respectively. The most common premedication was midazolam and hydromorphone combination (n = 59, 39.3%) follow by acepromazine and hydromorphone combination (n = 22, 14.7%). The majority of anesthesia procedures were diagnostic imaging (n = 33, 22.0%) and ophthalmic surgeries (n = 31, 20.7%), followed by soft tissue surgeries (n = 27, 18.0%), and orthopedic surgeries (n = 20, 13.3%). Intravenous alfaxalone provided smooth induction for inhalation anesthesia in almost cases, but transient apnea and twitching/paddling were observed after induction and during recovery, respectively. In addition, alfaxalone did not show pain response during intravenous administration. Alfaxalone showed smooth induction of inhalation anesthesia in dogs and cats with mild to severe systemic disease (ASA 2-4). Alfaxalone was considered as an acceptable induction agent for patients with higher risk in small animal practice. © 2017, Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics. All rights reserved.OAIID:RECH_ACHV_DSTSH_NO:T201707202RECH_ACHV_FG:RR00200001ADJUST_YN:EMP_ID:A077280CITE_RATE:0FILENAME:J Vet Clinics 2017-34-2-135-139.pdfDEPT_NM:수의학과EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:YFILEURL:https://srnd.snu.ac.kr/eXrepEIR/fws/file/2e87f8af-4642-4b95-a813-a2ff6327a4d4/linkN

Trigeminocardiac Reflex Induced by Electrohemostasis during Total Ear Canal Ablation in a Dog

A 14 kg, 9-year-old, spayed female, Cocker Spaniel was presented to the Veterinary Medical TeachingHospital of Seoul National University with a history of head tilt and circling. Otitis externa and media were diagnosedby computerized tomography, and total ear canal ablation was performed. In preanesthetic evaluation, systemichypertension and second-degree atrioventricular block were observed, but there was no regurgitation through the heartvalves. Systemic hypertension was managed with amlodipine (0.1 mg/kg, PO, BID) for the anesthesia. The dog waspremedicated with cefazolin (22 mg/kg, IV) and midazolam (0.2 mg/kg, IV). Anesthesia was induced with alfaxalone(2 mg/kg, IV) and maintained with isoflurane and 100% oxygen following intubation. During surgery, vital signs (heartrate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, end tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure and body temperature) were maintainedwithin normal ranges, but bradycardia was observed and corrected with glycopyrrolate (5 ug/kg IV, twice). Duringsubcuticular suture, electrohemostasis was applied at the incision line, which was close to the trigeminal nerve. In notime at all, heart rate dramatically decreased from 110 to 60 beats per minute. No additional treatment was done becausemean blood pressure was maintained above 70 mmHg. The heart rate recovered according to the decrease of end tidalisoflurane concentration and there were no complications associated with the anesthesia and surgery. Sudden bradycardiaafter electrical stimulation around the trigeminal nerve was considered as trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR). It isrecommended to be careful of bradycardia from TCR when electrocautery is used in the craniofacial area during surgery.N