A study on the korea defense standard of LED luminaires for naval vessels

Since 2012 year, LED luminaires have been implemented for Naval vessels. As a study conducted for the light emitting diode(LED) equipment for the application to naval vessels, this study provides insights of LED　specification suitable for the naval vessels application and verifies its validity. In order to suggest the applicable lighting equipment specification to naval vessels, Korean Defense Specification, U.S. Navy Specification and Korean Industrial Standards are analyzed, and this study provides the optical, electrical, and environmental characteristics of LED equipments for the application to naval vessels. For the requirements related to human safety and optical aspects, Korean Industrial Standard and the Specification of Korean Register are adopted. In addition, considering the special nature of naval vessels, U.S. Navy Specification is used for the environmental requirements. In order to verify the validity of applying the proposed requirements, lighting simulation, illuminance measurement, vibration measurement, noise measurement, electromagnetic interference test and temperature measurement were conducted, and the results proved the validity. Especially, to minimize the optical characteristics of fluorescent lighting equipment and LED equipment, which are the aspects related to ship crew’s vision, optical characteristics with respect to change of lighting equipment type were analyzed via lighting simulation on the bedrooms of crew and naval officers of the KDX-3 AEGIS Destroyer, and it was confirmed that the overall light does not have noticeable problem. Moreover, after the installation of the LED equipment to naval vessels, illumination intensity was determined to be appropriate to ship building specification based on the test runs. In addition, for smooth operation in ship environment, vibration specification has been proposed. In order to verify the validity of the vibration specification, the vibration level subjected to fluorescent lighting equipment was measured in the operating naval vessels, and it was confirmed that it is acceptable to apply the U.S. Defense Specification. In estimating the life with respect to change in luminous flux, approximately 8.8% of luminous flux reduction occurs after about 35,000 hours of continuous operation, and there is no significant luminous flux drop until about 30,000 hours of operation. Luminous flux estimation using Arrhenius model showed similar results, and L70 can be calculated to approximately 90,000 hours based on this. Additional study is required using the LED equipments installed in the operating naval vessels. Surface type and Flush type have 53% and 60% power consumption reduction respectively. Applying such measures to the calculation of the naval vessels in which LED luminaires are applied since 2012, it shows effect of reducing 4,899 fluorescent equipments. This is equivalent to approximately KRW 694 million of fuel cost reduction to generate power yearly. After the naval vessels was replaced with LED luminaires, maintenance(substitute) costs was reduced by KRW 0.12 million over five years. And lighting transformers capacity decreased by 57 kVA of the same type. Finally, As increasing power conversion efficiency, Surface vessels and submarine have 8% and 17%, I will purpose DC distribution to surface vessel and LED luminaires for submarine as future research project.제 1 장 서 론 1 1.1 연구 배경 1 1.2 연구 필요성 2 1.3 연구 내용 및 범위 8 제 2 장 함정 조명시스템 10 2.1 전원 계통 10 2.2 조명 계통 13 2.3 조명기구 21 2.4 규격분석 22 2.5 함정용 LED 조명기구 요구사항 제안 31 제 3 장 설계, 제작 및 규격제안 35 3.1 설계 및 제작 35 3.2 요구사항 검증 39 3.3 국방규격(안) 제안 72 제 4 장 효과 분석 74 4.1 기술적 분석 74 4.2 경제성 분석 80 제 5 장 결 론 86Docto

Development of Side Scan Sonar : Modeling and Experiment

Side Scan Sonar is a useful and most widely-used sonar equipment for mapping the ocean bottom bathymetry. In this thesis, the modeling and signal processing techniques for beam pattern and source signal are developed for designing and improving the performance of Side Scan Sonar. Specifically, the simulation technique to calculate the beam pattern for various arrangement of sensors are presented. Also, the chirp signal is used as a source signal and the performance of chirp signal is discussed. The modeling results are compared to the water tank and sea experiment results. The developed modeling technique can be applied to further improvement of Side Sonar Scan.ABSTRACT ⅰ 목 차 ⅱ 그 림 목 차 ⅳ 표 목 차 ⅵ Ⅰ. 서 론 1 1.1 연구 배경 및 목적 1 1.2 연구 내용 및 구성 2 Ⅱ. 이론적 고찰 3 2.1 배열신호처리 3 2.1.1 방사이론 3 2.1.2 선 배열 6 2.1.3 평면 배열 8 2.1.4 빔 조향 기법 12 2.2 CHIRP 신호처리 기법 14 2.2.1 개요 14 2.2.2 PING 및 CHIRP 신호 16 Ⅲ. 센서설계 및 구현 20 3.1 개요 20 3.2 멀티빔 센서 설계 및 구현 20 3.2.1 방사패턴 및 해석 20 3.2.2 센서설계 및 제작 22 3.2.3 센서제어 보드 제작 24 3.3 수치 시뮬레이션을 통한 해상도 해석 25 3.3.1 시뮬레이션 환경구성 25 3.3.2 시뮬레이션 결과고찰 27 Ⅳ. 실험 및 결과고찰 32 4.1 1차 수조실험 환경 및 구성 32 4.2 1차 수조실험 결과고찰 34 4.3 2차 수조실험 환경 및 구성 40 4.4 2차 수조실험 결과고찰 40 4.5 해상운용시험 및 결과고찰 48 4.5.1 해상운용시험 환경구성 48 4.5.2 해상운용시험 결과 및 고찰 50 Ⅴ. 결론 51 참 고 문 헌 5