고추 핵심집단의 과실형질에 대한 유전체기반 표현형예측

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :농업생명과학대학 식물생산과학부(원예과학전공),2020. 2. 강병철.Pepper (Capsicum.spp.) is an important vegetable crop for spices as well as fresh fruit. Among the various traits, fruit-related traits are critical determinants of marketable quality in pepper. Fruit-related traits are known to be controlled by quantitatively inherited genes for which marker-assisted selection (MAS) has often proven less effective. Genomic selection (GS) has become promising method to improve quantitative traits. We explored the potential of genomic selection for improving fruit-related traits in pepper. GS in pepper was characterized using pepper core collection (training population) genotyped by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). We investigated the optimal genomic prediction methods, marker density and effect of population structure and heritability using cross-validation. Among the various genomic prediction methods, reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) showed remarkable prediction accuracies over the traits with 0.74, 0.84, 0.83, and 0.82 for fruit length, width, weight, and pericarp thickness. Prediction accuracies were not appeared to be affected by heritability that much, because all fruit-related traits showed high level of heritability (> 0.9). Generally, prediction accuracies positively correlated with the number of markers in fruit length. However, in fruit width, fruit weight, and pericarp thickness 3rd marker set (4,640 SNPs) showed the highest prediction accuracy indicating the differences of optimal marker set by traits. Based on the result of cross-validation we selected the optimum condition for testing. We performed testing of genomic prediction across populations in fruit length, fruit weight, and fruit width. The different conditions were tested using a recombinant inbred lines which were genotyped by whole genome re-sequencing. To controls the effect of population structure in core collection, we tested various subset of core collection of which C. annuum only, C. annuum complex and C. baccatum only as a training population. Despite the difference in genetic diversity between the two populations, we obtained moderate prediction accuracies in various conditions. We provide the simulation of GS of fruit-related traits which are highly heritable and showed potential use of the core collection as a GS tool.고추 (Capsicum. spp.)는 신선채소, 향신료 등으로 소비되는 매우 중요한 채소이다. 다양한 원예적 형질 중에서도 과실연관형질은 고추의 상품성을 결정짓는 매우 중요한 요인이다. 과실연관형질은 양적형질이기 떄문에 기존의 마커기반선발(MAS)은 그 선발효과가 낮다. 유전체선발(GS)는 이러한 양적형질개량에 효율적인 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 고추의 과실연관형질개량을 위해 유전체선발의 가능성을 시험하였다. 고추에서의 유전체선발은 GBS를 이용해서 유전형을 조사한 고추의 핵심집단을 이용해서 진행됐다. 교차검증을 통해서 여러 종류의 유전체기반 표현형예측식의, 다양한 숫자의 마커셋에서의 예측성능을 평가했고, 유전력과 집단구조가 가지는 효과를 분석했다. 다양한 유전체기반 표현형예측식 중 RKHS가 과장, 과경, 과중 그리고 과피두께 형질에서 예측정확도 0.74, 0.84, 0.83 그리고 0.82로 가장 우수한 성능을 나타냈다. 조사한 과실연관형질 모두에서 0.9 이상의 높은 유전력을 나타낸 탓에 유전력이 예측정확도에 미치는 효과를 정확히 관찰할 수 없었다. 과장형질의 예측정확도는 마커의 숫자가 증가할수록 예측정확도가 상승하는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 하지만 과경, 과중 그리고 과피두께에서는 세 번째 마커셋(4,640 SNPs)에서 가장 높은 예측정확도를 보였다. 이를 통해 형질에 따라 적합한 마커수가 다르다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 더 나아가 본 연구에서는 유전체기반 예측식을 구축, 다른 집단의 과장, 과경 그리고 과중을 예측하는 시험을 진행하였다. 특정 마커셋을 이용해 전장유전체 해독을 통해 얻은 RIL 집단의 표현형을 예측하였다. 모델 training과 모델 testing에 이용한 두 집단간 유전적 다양성의 차이에도 불구하고 일정수준이상인 0.32, 0.44 그리고 0.41의 예측정확도를 각각 과장, 과경 그리고 과중에서 얻어냈다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 우리는 유전력이 높은 과실연관 형질의 유전체선발 시뮬레이션을 진행했으며, 고추 유전체선발에서 핵심집단의 도구로서의 효과를 확인할 수 있었다.INTRODUCTION 1 LITERATURE REVIEW 4 Importance of Capsicum spp. 4 Classical strategies to improve quantitative traits in plant breeding 5 Molecular breeding to improve quantitative traits 5 MATERIALS AND METHODS 11 Plant materials 11 Library construction 12 Genotypic data generation and analysis 12 Population structure 13 Phenotypic data analysis and heritability 14 Genomic prediction method 15 Evaluation of genomic prediction 15 Testing of genomic prediction by population structure 16 RESULTS 18 Phenotypic variability and heritability of fruit-related traits 18 SNP marker distribution and linkage disequilibrium 22 Genetic clustering analysis showed the population structure of pepper core collection 24 Evaluation of genomic-prediction in pepper 26 DISCUSSION 36 REFERENCES 41Maste

블랭크 가압력 분포가 딥드로잉에 미치는 영향의 실험적 고찰

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :기계설계학과,1996.Maste

Experimental and numerical studies on forming of parts with laser-tailor welded blanks

학위논문(박사)--서울대학교 대학원 :기계항공공학부,2001.Docto

수면다원검사 이미지 데이터셋 기반 폐쇄성 수면 무호흡 이벤트 탐지 및 시각적 설명가능성 분석

학위논문(석사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 데이터사이언스대학원 데이터사이언스학과, 2024. 2. 김형신.This paper introduces a novel approach to Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) event detection using a Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture on a polysomnography (PSG) image dataset. OSA is a prevalent sleep disorder with significant health implications, necessitating accurate and efficient diagnostic methods. The proposed method analyzes the entire PSG signal, encompassing 21 different biosignals, providing a comprehensive exploration of signal relationships for the first time in OSA detection research. The model achieves high time resolution (1-second) OSA event detection, crucial for accurate Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) calculation and optimal diagnostic performance. To enhance robustness and clinical interpretability, the model is trained on standardized image-based PSG dataset, offering a consistent format across diverse clinical conditions. The proposed method outperforms a state-of-the-art baseline in terms of accuracy and macro F1-score. Additionally, the attention mechanisms of the proposed model provide insights into the importance of each signal and time information, contributing to enhanced model explainability and clinical interpretability on the classification results.본 연구에서는 수면다원검사 표준화 이미지 데이터셋을 이용하여 비전 트랜스포머 (Vision Transformer, ViT) 아키텍처를 기반으로 한 한 폐쇄성 수면무호흡증 (Obstructive Sleep Apnea, OSA) 이벤트 탐지 자동화 모델을 설계하였다. 폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증은 유병률이 높고 다양한 건강 문제를 초래할 수 있기 때문에 정확하고 효율적인 진단 방법이 필요하다. 제안된 모델은 1초의 높은 시간 해상도로 OSA 이벤트를 탐지하여, 정확한 무호흡-저호흡 지수(Apnea- Hypopnea Index, AHI) 계산과 수면 무호흡증 진단에 대한 가능성을 제시하였다. 해당 모델의 강건성과 임상적 설명 가능성을 향상시키기 위해 이미지 기반 수면다원검사 데이터셋으로 훈련을 진행하였다. 성능 평가 결과, 제안된 모델은 정확도와 macro-F1 점수 측면에서 최신 기법보다 높은 성능을 보였다. 또한 모델의 Attention 구조로 입력된 신호 및 시간별 모델의 판단 근거를 시각화하여 임상적 해석 가능성을 확인하였다. Attention Score를 활용하여 수면다원검사 데이터셋에 포함된 21가지의 서로 다른 생체 신호에 대한 중요도 분석도 진행하였다.Chapter 1. Introduction 4 Chapter 2. Related Work 7 Chapter 3. Method 8 Chapter 4. Experiment 11 Chapter 5. Limitations and Conclusion 16 Bibliography 18 Abstract in Korean 20석

0.18um CMOS 공정을 이용한 10 Gb/s 1:4 DEMUX와 빠른 locking 방법을 이용한 5GHz PLL

학위논문(석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 전기및전자공학전공, 2006.2, [ vi, 58 p. ]The computing performance of a single chip has increased exponentially due to the advance of semiconductor technology. Accordingly, the improvement of I/O bandwidth is indispensable. High-speed serial data links provide multi-gigabit bandwidth with reduced system complexity and cost. DEMUX is key component of these data communications at receiver. It reduces the burden of receiver for high speed operation. High speed serial input data is de-multiplexed to low speed parallel output data for effective data process in receiver. Proposed DEMUX is simulated under 0.18um CMOS process, and its data rate is 10 Gb/s. Proposed DEMUX uses the improved current mode logic (CML) and replica bias circuits for high speed, low power consumption, and correct operation. This proposed DEMUX can be used at optical fiber link. Next, PLL for fast locking time is proposed. A PLL is a frequency synthesizer which produces high frequency from external low frequency. Locking time is one of characteristics of PLL performance. For portable or mobile applications, locking time is very important since the PLL must support fast entry and exit from power management techniques. In addition, if a PLL is used at the clock interface of a microprocessor and the system is powered down frequently to save energy, it becomes critical to know how long the system must remain idle after it is turned on to allow adequate phase alignment between the external and internal clocks. Thus, fast locking PLL scheme will be introduced in this paper. Proposed PLL is simulated under 0.18um CMOS process, and target frequency is 5 GHz. Proposed PLL is used frequency adjustment scheme, which consist of frequency difference detector, phase difference detector, and multiplexer for control charge pump bias voltage. The process of proposed DEMUX and PLL is a 0.18um CMOS logic. In proposed DEMUX, data rate is 10 Gb/s and power consumption is 12.24mW at 1.8V supply voltage and typical-typical state. Its area of layout is...한국과학기술원 : 전기및전자공학전공

Classification of Summer Paddy and Winter Cropping Fields Using Sentinel-2 Images

Up-to-date statistics of crop cultivation status is essential for farm land management planning and the advancement in remote sensing technology allowsfor rapid update of farming information. The objective of this study was to develop a classification model of rice paddy or winter crop fields basedon NDWI, NDVI, and HSV indices using Sentinel-2 satellite images. The 18 locations in central Korea were selected as target areas and photographedonce for each during summer and winter with a eBee drone to identify ground truth crop cultivation. The NDWI was used to classify summer paddyfields, while the NDVI and HSV were used and compared in identification of winter crop cultivation areas. The summer paddy field classification withthe criteria of –0.195<NDWI<0.15 was 90.9% accurate on average when compared with ground truth. Model performance for the winter crop fieldclassification was also excellent showing the accuracy greater than 98.2% on average for both models. However, cloud and greenhouses appeared todemonstrate optical similarity with paddy in the NDWI values, implying additional caution should be taken when removing cloud and greenhouseeffects. Overall the developed methods for paddy and winter crop classification performed reasonably well at the irrigation district level and furtherstudies are needed to investigate model performance at regional or national scales.N