Differences in clinicopathologic variables between Borrelia C6 antigen seroreactive and Borrelia C6 seronegative glomerulopathy in dogs.

BackgroundRapidly progressive glomerulonephritis has been described in dogs that seroreact to Borrelia burgdorferi, but no studies have compared clinicopathologic differences in Lyme-seroreactive dogs with protein-losing nephropathy (PLN) versus dogs with Borrelia-seronegative PLN.Hypothesis/objectivesDogs with Borrelia C6 antigen-seroreactive PLN have distinct clinicopathologic findings when compared to dogs with Borrelia seronegative PLN.AnimalsForty dogs with PLN and Borrelia C6 antigen seroreactivity and 78 C6-seronegative temporally matched dogs with PLN.MethodsRetrospective prevalence case-control study. Clinical information was retrieved from records of dogs examined at the University of California, Davis, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital. Histopathologic findings in renal tissue procured by biopsy or necropsy of dogs with PLN were reviewed.ResultsRetrievers and retriever mixes were overrepresented in seroreactive dogs (P < .001). Seroreactive dogs were more likely to have thrombocytopenia (P < .001), azotemia (P = .002), hyperphosphatemia (P < .001), anemia (P < .001), and neutrophilia (P = .003). Hematuria, glucosuria, and pyuria despite negative urine culture were more likely in seroreactive dogs (all P ≤ .002). Histopathologic findings were consistent with immune-complex glomerulonephritis in 16 of 16 case dogs and 7 of 23 control dogs (P = 006). Prevalence of polyarthritis was not different between groups (P = .17).Conclusions and clinical importanceC6 seroreactivity in dogs with PLN is associated with a clinicopathologically distinct syndrome when compared with other types of PLN. Early recognition of this syndrome has the potential to improve outcomes through specific aggressive and early treatment

Perhitungan Biaya Eksternalitas Pltgu Gas Muara Karang

PERHITUNGAN BIAYA EKSTERNALITAS PLTGU GAS MUARA KARANG. Salah satu sasaran dari studi "Comprehensive Assessment of Different Energy Sources for Electricity Generation in Indonesia" adalah perhitungan biaya eksternalitas dengan menggunakan program Simpacts. Sasaran studi ini adalah mendukung perencanaan dan proses pengambilan keputusan energi dan listrik nasional dengan mempertimbangkan tekno-ekonomi, sosial, bijaksanaan, dan lingkungan. Salah satu pembangkit yang menjadi perhatian adalah PLTGU Muara Karang berbahan bakar gas dengan daya keluaran 500 MWe, yang berada di wilayah bagian utara Jakarta. Secara geografis wilayah ini sangat padat dengan penduduk dan di sekitarnya merupakan salah satu pusat bisnis dan industri di Indonesia. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan besar dampak kesehatan yang terjadi sebanyak 51.400 kasus tiap tahun dengan 86,05% kasus yang terjadi adalah gangguan pernapasan tingkat rendah baik orang dewasa maupun anak- anak oleh polutan nitrat dan biaya kesehatan total yang dibebankan sebesar 1.830.000 US.S dengan 78,85% dari polutan nitrat dan 21,15% dari polutan N02. Biaya Eksternalitas yang diakibatkan oleh PLTGU Gas Muara karang selama tahun 2000 diperoleh sebesar 0,11 cent per kWh per tahun (berdasarkan data pada tahun 2000)

Analisis Aspek Lingkungan pada Optimasi Perencanaan Pengembangan Sistem Pembangkitan Jawa-madura-Bali dengan Opsi Nuklir

ANALISIS ASPEK LINGKUNGAN PADA OPTIMASI PERENCANAAN PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PEMBANGKITAN JAWA-MADURA-BALI DENGAN OPSI NUKLIR. Telah dilakukan analisis aspek lingkungan terhadap hasil optimasi perencanaan pengembangan sistem pembangkitan Jawa-Madura-Bali (Jamali) dengan periode studi 2007-2030, yaitu berupa perhitungan total emisi CO2 dan SO2. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui kontribusi PLTN dalam menekan emisi gas CO2 maupun SO2 pada perencanaan pengembangan sistem pembangkitan Jamali. Opsi nuklir diusulkan sebagai sebuah upaya mencari alternatif bahan bakar pembangkitan yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan tiga skenario: Skenario-1 (optimasi perencanaan pengembangan sistem pembangkitan Jamali, dengan tidak ada pembatasan terhadap kandidat pembangkit yang dikompetisikan); Skenario-2 (skenario tanpa opsi nuklir), dan Skenario-3 (skenario dengan pembatasan penambahan unit PLTN). Diperoleh hasil bahwa PLTN berkontribusi menekan emisi gas CO2 sekitar 7,36% pada skenario-1 dan sekitar 3,16% pada skenario-3. Selain itu, PLTN juga berkontribusi menekan emisi gas SO2 sekitar 9,47% pada skenario-1 dan sekitar 2,62% pada skenario-3

Global Field Placement in Hong Kong: Christian Action - Centre for Refugees

Field Placement Experience, Summer 2018 -- Hong Kong, Hong Kong -- Partner Agencie(s): University of Hong Kong; Chirstian Action - Centre for Refugeeshttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145775/1/Scorpio_Poster.pd

Detecting Mutations in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pyrazinamidase Gene pncA to Improve Infection Control and Decrease Drug Resistance Rates in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection.

Hospital infection control measures are crucial to tuberculosis (TB) control strategies within settings caring for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients, as these patients are at heightened risk of developing TB. Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a potent drug that effectively sterilizes persistent Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli. However, PZA resistance associated with mutations in the nicotinamidase/pyrazinamidase coding gene, pncA, is increasing. A total of 794 patient isolates obtained from four sites in Lima, Peru, underwent spoligotyping and drug resistance testing. In one of these sites, the HIV unit of Hospital Dos de Mayo (HDM), an isolation ward for HIV/TB coinfected patients opened during the study as an infection control intervention: circulating genotypes and drug resistance pre- and postintervention were compared. All other sites cared for HIV-negative outpatients: genotypes and drug resistance rates from these sites were compared with those from HDM. HDM patients showed high concordance between multidrug resistance, PZA resistance according to the Wayne method, the two most common genotypes (spoligotype international type [SIT] 42 of the Latino American-Mediterranean (LAM)-9 clade and SIT 53 of the T1 clade), and the two most common pncA mutations (G145A and A403C). These associations were absent among community isolates. The infection control intervention was associated with 58-92% reductions in TB caused by SIT 42 or SIT 53 genotypes (odds ratio [OR] = 0.420, P = 0.003); multidrug-resistant TB (OR = 0.349, P < 0.001); and PZA-resistant TB (OR = 0.076, P < 0.001). In conclusion, pncA mutation typing, with resistance testing and spoligotyping, was useful in identifying a nosocomial TB outbreak and demonstrating its resolution after implementation of infection control measures

Channel changes during and after extreme floods in two catchments of the Northern Apennines (Italy)

The Nure and Trebbia catchments were affected by an extreme flood event on 13-14th September 2015. This study investigates the morphological responses to the flood of the Nure and Trebbia rivers and 18 tributaries with the aims to: i) quantify channel changes in width and pattern; (ii) identify the morphological and hydrological factors which might have driven channel response; (iii) quantify channel changes which have occurred after the flood event. Channel changes were characterized by field surveys and geomorphological analysis of multi-temporal orthophotos acquired before (2011), immediately after the flood (2015) and in 2020. In the tributaries, reach-scale channel widths after the flood reached up to 15 times their pre-flood values, whereas in the main channels the post/pre-flood width ratio attained a maximum value of 4. Augmented channel width in the main rivers was mostly associated with banks and islands erosion, whereas in the tributaries it was also due to deposition of coarse sediments onto the former floodplains. Islands were swept away in the main channels while both island erosion and formation occurred in the tributaries. In terms of channel pattern, preflood single-thread reaches displayed mainly multi-thread morphologies after the flood, mostly in response to a sudden input of coarse sediment supply. In the 5 yr following the flood, channels slightly narrowed but still remained wider than in 2011. The narrower reaches before the flood resulted to be the most sensitive to changes even some years after the flood. Statistical analyses between the channel width changes and a series of variables showed significant positive correlations with confinement index, channel slope, and the local storm rainfall depth. This study confirms how channel widening during large floods - usually neglected in flood hazard mapping and river basin management - is a very important process which must be considered in flood hazard assessment in mountain rivers