博物館実習の記録(1980年度)

Articledepartmental bulletin pape

ターンブラリンガ ノ ハッテン ト 13セイキ トウナン アジア ノ コマーシャル ブーム

The state of Tambralinga (Danmaling), located around Nakhon Sithammarat in the central Malay peninsula, grew enormously during the 13th century. It is first mentioned in the Daoyizazhi (1270s) as having broughttribute to the Southern Song in 1196. During the reign of Candrabanu (Chaiya inscription of 1230) it advanced into Sri Lanka (1247-62), placing the northern part of the island under its rule, and also fought with the king of Pandya in southern India. According to the Dadenanhaizhi (1304), Danmaling was one of the leading powers of Southeast Asiaalong with Zhancheng (Champa), Zhenla (Khmer) and Shepo (Java), and theentire Malay peninsula fell within itssphere of influence. But Tambralinga\u27s growth did not continue for long, and as Malayu, backed by Java, advanced from the south and the newly emerging state of Xian (or maritime Siam) advanced from the north, it fell intooblivion in the course of theensuing conflict. By the second half of the 14th century, Java (Majapahit) too had recognized Nakhon Sithammarat as belonging to Siam. In accounts of Southeast Asianhistory, Java, Cambodia, Burmaand the Straits of Malacca (especially Srivijaya in the 7th to 8th centuries and Melaka in the 15th century) often play the leading roles, whereas the central Malay peninsula occupies only a secondary position. But in the 13th century Tambralinga was one of the leading players, and its military advance into Sri Lanka was a rareexample of an advance across the sea to anotherregion by a Southeast Asian power. What brought aboutthis enormous growth experienced by Tambralinga? M. Jacq-Hergoualc\u27h, inhis recent opus on the ancient and medieval history of the Malay peninsula (2002: 391-441), attributes itto the commercial boom of the 12th and 13th centuries. It is necessary to examine this commercial boom in greater detail, for judging from the discoveries of trade ceramics it was a phenomenonnot confined to the central Malay peninsula, but also to be observed widely throughout insular Southeast Asia. This raises the question of why this commercial boom should have benefited the central Malay peninsula in particular. Behind the rise of Tambralinga, beside theexpanding influence of China, was an increase in Southeast Asia\u27s own economic importance, accompanied by growing ties with Sri Lankaby way of Theravada Buddhism and the Pali language. Another factor may have been changes in the role of the Straits of Malacca. Whereas their former function as a centre of trade and maritime traffic had allowed the old piracy-based Sanfoqi to thrive, as described in the Lingwaidaida and Zhufanzhi, since the decline of Sanfoqi the Straits had become no more than a maritime passageway, opening the way for the rise of a different kind of state on the peninsula

Hemodynamic changes in neonates born to mothers with Graves' disease

Purpose: Cardiac insufficiency is a major morbidity in neonatal hyperthyroidism. It is important to assess the hemodynamics in neonates born to mothers with Graves’ disease (GD). This study prospectively evaluated the hemodynamic changes in neonates born to mothers with GD. Methods: Overall, 80 newborns were enrolled. Thirty-six neonates were born to mothers with GD who were positive for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibody (TRAb), and 44 were born to mother negative for TRAb. The serum levels of TSH, free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), the cardiac output, and cardiac index (CI) evaluated by echocardiography were compared between the two groups at several postnatal points (day of delivery and 5, 10, and 30 days of life). Results: The TRAb-positive newborns had higher FT4 levels and CI on Day 5 (both p<0.05) and higher FT3 (p<0.05) and FT4 levels (p<0.01) and CI (p<0.01) but lower TSH levels (p<0.05) on Day 10 than the TRAb-negative newborns. The TRAb-positive newborns had significantly higher NT-proBNP levels on Days 5 (median 752 vs. 563 pg/mL, p=0.034) and 10 (median 789 vs. 552 pg/mL, p=0.002) than the TRAb-negative newborns. Conclusions: Hemodynamic changes in 1 neonates born to TRAb-positive mothers with GD resulted in a higher CI and NT-proBNP levels than in those with TRAb-negative mothers from postnatal days 5 to 10.journal articl

<研究ノート>オーストリア文学ノート(3) : C.マグリスの論文について[二],フリードリヒ2世像とハプスブルク神話

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Study on nonaudible murmur speaker verification using multiple session data

conference pape

手形取引における信用純化と不渡処分との関係(二・完) : 日本ー台湾ー中国の比較研究

2002-12-25departmental bulletin pape

English Education & Literature as Teaching Materials [1]

text紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paperdepartmental bulletin pape

Structural and Mechanistic Insight into the Inhibition of Aspartic Proteases by a Slow-Tight Binding Inhibitor from an Extremophilic <i>Bacillus </i>sp.: Correlation of the Kinetic Parameters with the Inhibitor Induced Conformational Changes^†

We present here the first report of a hydrophilic peptidic inhibitor, ATBI, from an extremophilic Bacillus sp. exhibiting a two-step inhibition mechanism against the aspartic proteases, pepsin and F-prot from Aspergillus saitoi. Kinetic analysis shows that these proteases are competitively inhibited by ATBI. The progress curves are time-dependent and consistent with slow-tight binding inhibition:  E + I ⇄ (k3, k4) EI ⇄ (k5, k6) EI*. The Ki values for the first reversible complex (EI) of ATBI with pepsin and F-prot were (17 ± 0.5) × 10-9 M and (3.2 ± 0.6) × 10-6 M, whereas the overall inhibition constant Ki* values were (55 ± 0.5) × 10-12 M and (5.2 ± 0.6) × 10-8 M, respectively. The rate constant k5 revealed a faster isomerization of EI for F-prot [(2.3 ± 0.4) × 10-3 s-1] than pepsin [(7.7 ± 0.3) × 10-4 s-1]. However, ATBI dissociated from the tight enzyme−inhibitor complex (EI*) of F-prot faster [(3.8 ± 0.5) × 10-5 s-1] than pepsin [(2.5 ± 0.4) × 10-6 s-1]. Comparative analysis of the kinetic parameters with pepstatin, the known inhibitor of pepsin, revealed a higher value of k5/k6 for ATBI. The binding of the inhibitor with the aspartic proteases and the subsequent conformational changes induced were monitored by exploiting the intrinsic tryptophanyl fluorescence. The rate constants derived from the fluorescence data were in agreement with those obtained from the kinetic analysis; therefore, the induced conformational changes were correlated to the isomerization of EI to EI*. Chemical modification of the Asp or Glu by WRK and Lys residues by TNBS abolished the antiproteolytic activity and revealed the involvement of two carboxyl groups and one amine group of ATBI in the enzymatic inactivation

Enhancement of fatty oil removal in bio-process by adding the micro-organism activated aid

departmental bulletin pape