Simulation studies of energy transfer to heavy ions by strong current-driven instabilities

Energy transfer from electrons to heavy ions via the nonlinear evolution of instabilities driven by strong currents is studied by means of a two-dimensional, electrostatic, particle simulation code with full ion and electron dynamics. Electrons are assumed to drift along a uniform magnetic field with an initial speed larger than the electron thermal speed in a plasma consisting of hydrogen (H) and helium (He) ions and electrons. Simulations then show that, because of the electron trapping by the Buneman waves which grow at first, the shape of the electron velocity distribution function f_e(ν_∥) is drastically changed and is significantly broadened. Then, H cyclotron waves, which are marginal in the initial state, are destabilized and grow to large amplitudes. Their frequencies are higher than those predicted by the linear theory. Although He ions do not gain energies from the Buneman waves, they are heated by H cyclotron waves. As a result of the instabilities, f_e(ν_∥) has a plateau region with its width much greater than the initial thermal speed.journal articl

第1回 外国人児童生徒教育拠点校 担当者研究協議会開催

一般雑誌記事 / Articlearticl

Characterization of excimer laser annealed polycrystalline Si1-xGex alloy thin films by x-ray diffraction and spectroscopic ellipsometry

Thin films of Si1-xGex alloys of different compositions x have been deposited, on single-crystal Si (100) surface and glass substrates, by simple ion beam sputtering, at room temperature. Crystallization of these films has been done using excimer laser annealing. Structural and optical properties of as-deposited and annealed Si1-xGex alloy films are characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), uv-visible spectrophotometry, spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The as-deposited films, both on Si and glass, have been found to be amorphous by XRD. Polycrystalline nature of laser-annealed samples has been evidenced by both x-ray and SE measurements. The results of x-ray, uv-visible, AES, and SE are compared and discussed. The poly-Si1-xGex films were oriented predominantly to (111) and the grain sizes were determined from half-width of x-ray peaks. The compositions x of Si1-xGex films have been evaluated from the SE dielectric function ?(ω) data, using the second-derivative technique, and are found to be 0.23 and 0.36 for two different compositions. A detailed analysis of ?(ω) with the effective-medium theory has demonstrated the volume fraction of crystalline Si1-xGex increases with the increasing energy of laser irradiation.application/pdfjournal articl

ゲンチョ キンゾクステント expandable metallic stent ニ ヨル アクセイ タンドウ キョウサク ナイロウ ジュツ ノ チリョウ セイセキ

平成3年4月から平成8年2月にかけ当院及び関連施設で expandable metallic stent(EMS)による経皮経肝的悪性胆道狭窄内瘻術を29例(男性12例,女性17例,31～92歳,平均70歳)に施行した。原疾患は,肝門部胆管癌11例,中下部胆管癌10例,胆嚢癌4例,その他4例であった。EMSの留置は,PTCDに引続き,そのルートを用いて行った。EMS留置成功率は96.6%,家庭復帰率は89.7%であった。外瘻チュープ抜去時からの全体の累積生存期間は,50%生存期間で30週であった。予後因子について多変量解析の結果,病変の範囲(病変の限局性),放射線治療,胆道の狭窄の長さが予後に影響していた。併用抗腫瘍療法としては,病変の限局群では放射線療法が有意に予後の改善に寄与したが,病変の非限局群では,併用抗腫瘍療法は,予後の改善に寄与しなかった。ステントの閉塞は,31%に見られ,閉塞群の平均ステント開存期間は14週であった。原因は腫瘍の再増殖,および sludgeによるものが多かった。合併症は,重篤なものとして肝膿瘍が2例に見られた。逸脱は,1例に見られたが合併症はなかった。EMSによる悪性胆道狭窄内瘻術は,患者のQOLの改善に寄与し,有用な方法であるが,併用抗腫瘍療法は,その症例の病変の範囲などから予後を考慮して行うべきと考えられたjournal articl

Proposal of education materials for learning a desired science using a Questionnaire

We carried out a questionnaire survey to clarify the interesting engineering field (mechatronics technologies) for schoolchild. Regardless of gender, more than 60% of them expressed their interest in robot construction. We also propose an education material of robot construction for learning a desired science.departmental bulletin pape

Improved measurement of CP-violation parameters sin⁡2ϕ1 and |λ|, B meson lifetimes, and B0-B̅0 mixing parameter Δmd

journal articl

Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-ptd-10.1177_08968608211047332 - An exploratory study of the relationship between systemic microcirculatory function and small solute transport in incident peritoneal dialysis patients

Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-ptd-10.1177_08968608211047332 for An exploratory study of the relationship between systemic microcirculatory function and small solute transport in incident peritoneal dialysis patients by Jennifer Williams, Mark Gilchrist, William David Strain, Donald Fraser and Angela Shore in Peritoneal Dialysis International</p

Supplemental Material, sj-docx-3-ptd-10.1177_08968608211047332 - An exploratory study of the relationship between systemic microcirculatory function and small solute transport in incident peritoneal dialysis patients

Supplemental Material, sj-docx-3-ptd-10.1177_08968608211047332 for An exploratory study of the relationship between systemic microcirculatory function and small solute transport in incident peritoneal dialysis patients by Jennifer Williams, Mark Gilchrist, William David Strain, Donald Fraser and Angela Shore in Peritoneal Dialysis International</p

Supplemental Material, sj-docx-2-ptd-10.1177_08968608211047332 - An exploratory study of the relationship between systemic microcirculatory function and small solute transport in incident peritoneal dialysis patients

Supplemental Material, sj-docx-2-ptd-10.1177_08968608211047332 for An exploratory study of the relationship between systemic microcirculatory function and small solute transport in incident peritoneal dialysis patients by Jennifer Williams, Mark Gilchrist, William David Strain, Donald Fraser and Angela Shore in Peritoneal Dialysis International</p

Supplemental Material, sj-docx-4-ptd-10.1177_08968608211047332 - An exploratory study of the relationship between systemic microcirculatory function and small solute transport in incident peritoneal dialysis patients

Supplemental Material, sj-docx-4-ptd-10.1177_08968608211047332 for An exploratory study of the relationship between systemic microcirculatory function and small solute transport in incident peritoneal dialysis patients by Jennifer Williams, Mark Gilchrist, William David Strain, Donald Fraser and Angela Shore in Peritoneal Dialysis International</p