<Original Article> Reduction of Mortality in Endotoxemic Rats Pretreated with Gadolinium Chloride: Relationship to Suppression of Superoxide Production in Liver Macrophages

Possible causes of reductions in mortality in severely endotoxemic rats, brought about by gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) treatment, was analyzed in terms of the superoxide (O2-)-producing capacity of isolated liver imcrophages (M0s) and in terms of their morphological changes. T he addition of GdCl3 to the culture medium of isolated M0s from normal rats suppressed their O2--producing capacity in a dose-dependent manner. The cytoplasm of the M0s in medium containing more than 1×10^-3 mg/ml of GdCl3 was not spread or swollen, compared with that of M0s without GdCl3. Changes in the O2-producing capacity of M0s obtained from endotoxemic rats pretreated with or without GdCl3 were then analyzed. After two injections of GdCl3 (5 mg/kg at -24 and -48 hours), sublethal d mg/kg) or lethal (10 mg/kg) doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were injected intravenously at 0 h. Without GdCl3, O2--production capacity in the sublethal, but not in the lethal dose group, was enhanced. Pretreatment with GdCl3 reduced the mortality of the endotoxemic rats from 100% to 0%; however, the O2--production capacity in both the sublethal and lethal groups was suppressed to the same extent. These results suggest that the suppression of O2--production by GdCl3 administration in vivo induced reductions in htpatotoxity and mortality in endotoxemia. Thus, Gdcl3 may be useful for the prevention of severe liver dysfunction induced by postoperative infection.journal articl

Polysulfonylated cyclodextrins. Part II.1 Preparation and structural validation of three isomeric pentakis(6-0-mesitylsulfonyl)cyclomaltoheptaoses

Three isomers of cyclomaltoheptaose derivatives, la-c, which possess five mesitylenesulfonyloxy groups on their C-6 atoms, were prepared. Assignment of the regiosiomers was performed by their conversion into compounds containing five 3,6-anhydroglucose units followed by 'H NMR analyses. The structures of the pentakis(3,6-anhydro) derivatives were also confirmed by their derivation from the known bis(TBDMS) derivatives.application/pdfjournal articl

Observation of B0→D*-(5π)+, B+→D*-(4π)++ and B+→D̅*0 (5π)+

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日本における選択的乾乳期治療の可能性

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乳房炎研究の現状と課題

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Strategies for mastitis control to reduce antimicrobial use

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最近ちょっと耳にする選択的乾乳期治療の話

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免疫調整物質“サイトカイン”を用いた乳房炎コントロール

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Automatically Customizing Static Analysis Tools to Coding Rules Really Followed by Developers

Automatic Static Analysis Tools (ASATs) detect coding rule violations, including mistakes and bad practices that frequently occur during programming. While ASATs are widely used in both OSS and industry, the developers do not resolve more than 80% of the detected violations. As one of the reasons, most ASATs users do not customize their ASATs to their projects after installation; the ASATs with the default configuration report many rule violations that confuse developers. To reduce the ratio of such uninteresting warning messages, we propose a method to customize ASATs according to the product source code automatically. Our fundamental hypothesis is: A software project has interesting ASAT rules that are consistent over time. Our method takes source code as input and generates an ASAT configuration. In particular, the method enables optional (i.e., disabled by default) rules that detected no violations on the version because developers are likely to follow the rules in future development. Our method also disables violated rules because developers were unlikely to follow them. To evaluate the method, we applied our method to 643 versions of four JavaScript projects. The generated configurations for all four projects increased the ASAT precision. They also increased recall for two projects. The result shows that our method helps developers to focus on their attractive rule violations. Our implementation of the proposed method is available at https://github.com/devreplay/linter-maintainerconference pape

Space Charge Behaviors near the Interface between Different Low-Density Polyethylenes

We investigated the space charge behaviors near the interface between different low-density polyethylenes (LDPE) by using the PEA method. Charge carriers were mainly injected from the semicon electrode in a specimen of Al/LDPE/LDPE/LDPE/semicon and they moved through the interface to the counter Al electrode. Charge carriers moving from LDPE of a lower density to LDPE of a higher one were accumulated near the interface to form space charge, while there was no space charge accumulation for carriers moving in the opposite direction. It suggests that charge carriers are more mobile in LDPE of a lower density. The mobilities of charge carriers were also estimated from the change in space charge profile with time and positive carriers were more mobile in LDPE than negative ones. These space charge behaviors were discussed compared with the results of DC conduction.journal articl