<Original Article> Effects of Six Beta Blocking Agents on Cardiovascular Responses during Exercise

The cardiovascular effects of six beta blocking agents; atenolol (50 mg), carteolol (5 mg), propranolol (10 mg), nipradilol (3 mg), dilevalol (100 mg) and metoprolol (40 mg) during Master's test exercise were assessed in 85 healthy young adults. All drugs significantly reduced the increments in pressure-rate product during exercise at 1 hr as well as 2 hr after the drug administration, which might reflect myocardial oxygen consumption. Therefore, after administration of these beta blockers, an equivalent workload can be achieved with less myocardial oxygen consumption. The potency of 6 drugs at 1 hr after drug administration was: metoprolol>nipradilol>atenolol>propranolol>dilevalol>carteolol, and that at 2 hr after administration was: atenolol>carteolol>metoprolol>propranolol>dilevalol>nipradilol.journal articl

Measurement of the e+e-→D(*)+D(*)- cross sections

journal articl

A spam-restraint pricing function based on clique problem

奈良先端科学技術大学院大学修士(工学)master thesi

Introduction of Computerized Detection Method to Breast Cancer Screening in Mie Prefecture

application/pdfA remote image diagnosis via telemedicine net-work is pervasive in Japan because the number of expe-rienced radiologists for reading mammograms in breast can-cer screening is insufficient. However, radiologists in a medical institution where mammograms are sent from the other medical institutions have to read larger number of mammograms, and are overtasked. This would decrease radiologists’ performance. On the other hand, it is known that radiologists’ detection performance will be improved by taking into account the detected lesions automatically by a computerized method. In order to assist radiologists in detec-tion of clustered microcalcifications, therefore, we attempt to introduce our computerized detection method to a remote image diagnosis in Mie Prefecture. For the remote image diagnosis in breast cancer screening, digital mammograms taken at six medical institutions in Mie Prefecture are trans-ferred to a DICOM (Digital Imaging and COmmunication in Medicine) image server in Mie University Hospital via tele-medicine network based on virtual private network. The digital mammograms acquired with five different mammo-graphy equipments which are manufactured by GE (General Electric) Corporation, Fujifilm Corporation, and Konica Minolta are treated in this remote image diagnosis. Our computerized detection method detects individual calcifica-tions on mammograms based on an artificial neural network (ANN) with objective features obtained from a multi-resolution analysis. The proposed method identifies automat-ically which mammography equipment a digital mammogram was acquired with from the DICOM header and uses appro-priate ANN which had been trained for not each mammogra-phy equipment but each vender. We applied the proposed method to all mammograms transferred to the DICOM image server in Mie University in a year. Sensitivity and the num-ber of false positives per image were 94.3% and 0.79 for GE Corporation, 100% and 0.47 for Fujifilm Corporation, and 100% and 0.19 for Konica Minolta, respectively. These re-sults were comparable with the average detection results of the commercial computerized detection systems manufac-tured exclusively for each mammography equipment. The proposed method was shown to have the high detection per-formance for clustered microcalcifications, and to have a possibility of being useful in the remote image diagnosis for breast cancer screening in Mie Prefecture.departmental bulletin pape

Statistics of OPLS-DA models of metabolic profiles in chicken embryos treated with various compounds by <i>in ovo</i> injection on E7 and sampled on E12.

<p>AF, Allantoic fluid; A, Number of predictive + orthogonal latent variables; N, Number of samples;</p><p>***p<0.0001 in Cross Validation ANOVA; C, control.</p><p>Statistics of OPLS-DA models of metabolic profiles in chicken embryos treated with various compounds by <i>in ovo</i> injection on E7 and sampled on E12.</p

OPLS-DA score scatter plots of metabolites in (A) allantoic fluid and (B) plasma.

<p>OPLS-DA score scatter plots of metabolites in (A) allantoic fluid and (B) plasma.</p

A suggested bisphenol A metabolite (MBP) interfered with reproductive organ development in the chicken embryo while a human-relevant mixture of phthalate monoesters had no such effects

Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalate diesters are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. While these compounds have been reported as reproductive toxicants, their effects may partially be attributed to metabolites. The aim of this study was to examine reproductive organ development in chicken embryos exposed to the BPA metabolite, 4-methyl-2,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pent-1-ene (MBP; 100 µg/g egg) or a human-relevant mixture of 4 phthalate monoesters (85 µg/g egg). The mixture was designed within the EU project EDC-MixRisk based upon a negative association with anogenital distance in boys at 21 months of age in a Swedish pregnancy cohort. Chicken embryos were exposed in ovo from an initial stage of gonad differentiation (embryonic day 4) and dissected two days prior to anticipated hatching (embryonic day 19). No discernible effects were noted on reproductive organs in embryos exposed to the mixture. MBP-treated males exhibited retention of Müllerian ducts and feminization of the left testicle, while MBP-administered females displayed a diminished the left ovary. In the left testicle of MBP-treated males, mRNA expression of female-associated genes was upregulated while the testicular marker gene SOX9 was downregulated, corroborating a feminizing effect by MBP. Our results demonstrate that MBP, but not the phthalate monoester mixture, disrupts both male and female reproductive organ development in an avian embryo model.</p

OPLS-DA score scatter plots of sex differences in the metabolic profile in (A) allantoic fluid and (B) plasma.

<p>Chicken embryos were treated by <i>in ovo</i> injection on E7 and were sampled on E12. Embryos from all studied treatment groups were assigned to two different classes based on their sex. The ellipse shows a Hotelling's T2 95% confidence area. Axes show score vectors (t) of predictive latent variable 1 and orthogonal latent variable 1. Model statistics are shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0143780#pone.0143780.t004" target="_blank">Table 4</a>.</p

Mortality rate, body weight and liver-somatic index.

<p>N, number of embryos; ND, not determined; SD, standard deviation; Control eggs were injected with the vehicle, DMSO.</p><p>^aBody weight and liver-somatic index were only determined for five embryos from replicate experiment A in this group;</p><p>***p<0.001;</p><p>**p<0.01.</p><p>Chicken embryos were treated with various compounds by <i>in ovo</i> injection on E7 and were sampled on E12.</p

Injected doses, number of injected eggs, and number of samples of allantoic fluid and blood plasma subjected to metabolic profiling.

<p>Chicken eggs were injected on E7 and embryos were sampled on E12.</p