中国の対外援助外交の歴史的展開と現状 : 日本の援助政策が中国の援助政策に与えた影響

プロジェクト番号 : A11－03若手展開研究 : カテゴリAtextapplication/pdfresearch repor

センモン トショカン キョウギカイ ト 6ネンカン

私の職場、私の仕事application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

Clinical Significance of Microcalcifications Detection in Invasive Breast Carcinoma

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Observation of mixing-induced CP violation in the neutral B meson system

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Effect of the Silanization Conditions on Chromatographic Behavior of an Open-tubular Capillary Column Coated with a Modified Silica-gel Thin Layer

The performance of an open-tubular capillary column coated with a modified silica-gel thin layer was investigated, particularly concerning the effect of the silanization process on it. Although the increase in the octadecyltriethoxysilane (ODTES) concentration in the silanization process could enhance the retention factor of naphthalene, its theoretical plate number was significantly reduced (ODTES, 5 to 50%; k, 0.2 to 4.3; N, 79600 to 2600 m-1). Namely, the increase in the retention factor was accompanied by a decrease in the theoretical plate number. A similar phenomenon was also observed when octadecyldimethylchlorosilane (ODCS) was used as the silanization regent. However, increases in both the retention factor and the theoretical plate number could be achieved (sample, naphthalene; k, 0.05 to 0.09; N, 149000 to 220000 m-1) by a NaOH treatment to the fabricated thin porous silica-gel layer before silanization with ODCS. The electrochromatographic separation of proteins and peptides by using the NaOH-treated column could obtain more peaks than electrophoretic separation.application/pdfjournal articl

Kinetic Discrimination of Sequence-Specific DNA−Drug Binding Measured by Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging and Comparison to Solution-Phase Measurements

We demonstrate the use of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging for direct detection of small-molecule binding to surface-bound DNA probes. Using a carefully designed array surface, we quantitatively discriminate between the interactions of a model drug with different immobilized DNA binding sites. Specifically, we measure the association and dissociation intercalation rates of actinomycin-D (ACTD) to and from double-stranded 5‘-TGCT-3‘ and 5‘-GGCA-3‘ binding sites. The rates measured provide mechanistic information about the DNA−ACTD interaction; ACTD initially binds nonspecifically to DNA but exerts its activity by dissociating slowly from strong affinity sites. We observe a slow dissociation time of kd-1 = 3300 ± 100 s for ACTD bound to the strong affinity site 5‘-TGCT-3‘ and a much faster dissociation time (210 ± 15 s) for ACTD bound weakly to the site 5‘-GGCA-3‘. These dissociation rates, which differ by an order of magnitude, determine the binding affinity for each site (8.8 × 106 and 1.0 × 106 M-1, respectively). We assess the effect the surface environment has on these biosensor measurements by determining kinetic and thermodynamic constants for the same DNA−ACTD interactions in solution. The surface suppresses binding affinities ∼4-fold for both binding sites. This suppression suggests a barrier to DNA−drug association; ACTD binding to duplex DNA is ∼100 times slower on the surface than in solution

Sequence-Dependent DNA Immobilization: Specific versus Nonspecific Contributions

We present results of the first systematic study on in situ sequence-dependent kinetics for short single-strand oligonucleotide surface immobilization. By measuring film coverage for both thiolated and nonthiolated homo-oligomers as a function of adsorption time, we determine the relative contribution of specific thiol−surface and nonspecific DNA−surface interactions to the overall mechanism of DNA-thiol attachment to gold. We find that sequence-dependent nonspecific surface interactions play a significant role in DNA-thiol immobilization, influencing not only the kinetics but also the extent of oligomer adsorption. For example, sequences that initially form strong, rapid nonspecific contacts with the surface hinder long-time thiol adsorption (i.e., poly(dA)-thiol). In contrast, sequences with nucleotides that initially bind slowly and weakly to the surface (i.e., poly(dT)-thiol) do not obstruct further thiol adsorption, resulting in higher film coverage and Langmuir immobilization kinetics. This view of the DNA-thiol immobilization mechanism is further supported by sequence-dependent rinsing losses observed for thiolated DNA strands but not for analogous nonthiolated strands. Nonthiolated strands contact the surface strongly in a more horizontal orientation, whereas thiolated strands attain a more upright orientation that allows vertical DNA−DNA base-stacking. The results clearly illustrate the importance and interplay of competitive specific and nonspecific forces in forming DNA-thiol films. The specific coverage attained and the time dependence of the adsorption process depend on the prevailing sequence composition

Quantitative Angle-Resolved SPR Imaging of DNA−DNA and DNA−Drug Kinetics

We demonstrate the quantitative characterization of DNA−DNA and DNA−drug interactions by angle-resolved surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging. Combining the angle-scanning capabilities of traditional SPR with the spatial definition capabilities of imaging, we directly measure DNA and drug surface coverages and kinetics simultaneously for multiple patterned spots. We find excellent agreement of DNA−DNA hybridization kinetics and thermodynamics measured by both the imaging system and traditional SPR. Instrument response and sensitivity is further demonstrated by successful measurement of association and dissociation kinetics of actinomycin-D binding to a low-density doubled-stranded DNA binding sequence. Without independent calibration, analysis of angle-resolved SPR imaging data yields 2.9 ± 0.1 drugs per duplex at saturation coverage, consistent with all available duplex binding sites being occupied

パネル挿入式木造軸組構法住宅の温湿度環境

2000-12パネル挿入式木造軸組構法住宅内外の温湿度を約一年間にわたって測定した。測定データの分析から次のことが明らかになった。年変動振幅における室内気温の室外気温に対する比は0.73、同じく室内相対湿度の室外相対湿度に対する比は0.57で、室内の振れ幅は小さくなっていた。年間平均気温は室外17.0℃、室内20.8℃で室内が3.8℃高かった。年間相対湿度の平均は室外73.8%、室内49.6℃で室内が24.2%低かった。日較差比の年間平均は気温0.31、相対湿度0.21で、室内変動は室外変動に対してそれぞれ約1/3あるいは約1/5に収まっていた。水蒸気圧は月別平均でみると各月とも室内のほうが室外よりも低かった。これは気候図において、室内のプロットは室外プロットを通る等水蒸気圧線の左に位置していることからも明らかであった。一日の変動における室内気温変動の室外に対する遅れ時間は回帰分析から3.67時間であることがわかった。さらに、室内気温の上昇に伴い重量絶対湿度も上昇することあるいは水蒸気圧が増加することなどから、木材の持つ湿度調節機能の存在が明らかになった。The indoor climate of a timber house was investigated by measuring indoor and outdoor air temperature and relative humidity over a period of one year. The house is a recently built two-storied building in Hamakita City, Shizuoka Prefecture. This style of building is characterized by being constructed of newly developed panels inserted in frames of Japanese conventional post-and-beam construction system. The indoor climate had reduced amplitudes of temperature and relative humidity change as compared to the outdoor climate, indicating moderate and steady climatic conditions. The indoor to outdoor ratio of maximum amplitude of diurnal variations was 0.31 for temperature and 0.21 for relative humidity, i.e., the indoor climate changed only one third or one fifth as much as the outdoor climate in a given day for temperature and for relative humidity, respectively. The climograph shows that the indoor climate has slightly higher temperature and lower relative humidity with a tendency toward lower vapor pressure than the outdoor climate. Linear regression analysis showed that the time lag, i.e., the delay of indoor to outdoor temperature change, was 3.67 hours. The control function of timber over relative humidity was found from the tendency that the humidity ratio or the vapor pressure increases as the temperature increases.農林水産研究情報センターで作成したPDFファイルを使用している。departmental bulletin pape

Phylogenetic analysis od genus Aesculus (Hippocastaneaceae) based on molecular and morpholiogica data

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