Entrepreneurship in the Peripheral Regions: A Case of Tourism in the Himalayan Village Manang, Nepal

This study attempts to describe the impact of tourism on the Himalayan village Manang in Western Nepal. The people of Manang have been famous for their international trading since the 1960s and those who experienced success in international trading began to migrate to Kathmandu and buy real estate. Manang is located along the trekking routes of the Annapurna Circuit and has had many trekkers since the 1980s. Since Nepali democracy in 1990, the trading business has become more competitive, so some residents decided to enter the tourism industry in Kathmandu or Manang. Compared with the situation in Kathmandu, in the peripheral region such like Manang they needed to put more effort into providing modern facilities and services to meet the demands of tourists because of its remote location. Some hotel owners introduced eco-friendly and advanced technology to provide modern facilities. However, tourists who prefer to visit peripheral regions regret such development, and start to look for other ‘hidden’ villages. Although tourism development is beset by these contradictions, the people of Manang have accepted the situation and just appropriated the entrepreneurship that have ever developed their livelihoods including international trade.Article【論文／Article】departmental bulletin pape

定年延長が資本蓄積 ・ 総生産水準に及ぼす影響

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保険と金融の関係

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アメリカ桜祭り公演（Taiko & Dance 2013）における国際教育

アメリカ桜祭り公演の教育的意義を、国際教育の観点から考察します。特に2013年度の公演を基に記述しています。departmental bulletin pape

＜資料＞「クリーニングシミズ」の新たな展開

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Production and Examination of Prestress loss of Precast Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girder Using Self-Compacting Concrete in Cambodia

Cambodia post civil war has demanded immediate rehabilitation of infrastructure including hundreds of bridges and road network for revival and development of economy. To make it possible to produce required human resources and technology domestically in Cambodia, Kochi University of Technology (KUT), Japan and Institute of Technology of Cambodia (ITC), Cambodia have established collaboration to implement “Integrated System for Human Resources and technology Development in Cambodia”. Under this collaboration, the authors have developed a design method and shapes of the PC girder which are appropriate for the Cambodian local situation. Further, a PC girder specimen of 20 m span using SCC was produced in Phnom Penh, Cambodia in April 2006. The success of the specimen production has shown the possibility of mass production of high strength PC girder in Cambodia to achieve quick rehabilitation of the existing bridges as well as development of new infrastructures. This paper provides the design method, imported and local materials used for producing SCC, required quality and cost management method, design mix proportion and creep measurement methods used for production of the PC girder in Cambodia.conference pape

The impact of unguided animal husbandry on the peripheral and landscape elements: the case of Alice.

This study is based on Unguided Animal Husbandry as practiced in the town of Alice and its surrounding locations. It underscores the fact that though cattle are domesticated animals, they are still migratory in character. Their migratory tendency is prompted by the need of food and water and sometimes convenient rest positions. The search for food, water and rest may lead cattle to travel for many kilometres away from enclosure. This movement allows them to establish eating and drinking preferences and locations which become habitual, hence tracks develop along these paths which greatly compromise the soil, water and vegetation quality of the landscape. This study identifies such tracks and investigates the impact of cattle movement on soil physical properties and vegetation characteristics. However all this is against the back drop of the open access land regime; a mode of exploiting common property to which all have equal rights. It is a system of land management that comes with inherent challenges. Amongst them a selfish inclination of taking decisions that is motivated by egoistic interests and utmost personal gain. Secondly no thought is given to management and sustainability, subjecting common property to Haddins (1968) philosophy ‘The tragedy of the commons’. The results of the study show that when cattle is left to free range in common property they establish feeding, drinking and rest habits that have greater negative consequences on ecosystem elements of soil, vegetation and water than the positive effects they bring. The open access regime under which this farming system operates is appraised and recommendations proposed for its amelioration.Thesis (MPhil) (Environmental Studies) -- University of Fort Hare, 201

The impact of unguided animal husbandry on the peripheral and landscape elements: the case of Alice.

This study is based on Unguided Animal Husbandry as practiced in the town of Alice and its surrounding locations. It underscores the fact that though cattle are domesticated animals, they are still migratory in character. Their migratory tendency is prompted by the need of food and water and sometimes convenient rest positions. The search for food, water and rest may lead cattle to travel for many kilometres away from enclosure. This movement allows them to establish eating and drinking preferences and locations which become habitual, hence tracks develop along these paths which greatly compromise the soil, water and vegetation quality of the landscape. This study identifies such tracks and investigates the impact of cattle movement on soil physical properties and vegetation characteristics. However all this is against the back drop of the open access land regime; a mode of exploiting common property to which all have equal rights. It is a system of land management that comes with inherent challenges. Amongst them a selfish inclination of taking decisions that is motivated by egoistic interests and utmost personal gain. Secondly no thought is given to management and sustainability, subjecting common property to Haddins (1968) philosophy ‘The tragedy of the commons’. The results of the study show that when cattle is left to free range in common property they establish feeding, drinking and rest habits that have greater negative consequences on ecosystem elements of soil, vegetation and water than the positive effects they bring. The open access regime under which this farming system operates is appraised and recommendations proposed for its amelioration.Thesis (MPhil) (Environmental Studies) -- University of Fort Hare, 201

Sox2 promotes survival of satellite glial cells in vitro

Sox2 is a transcriptional factor expressed in neural stem cells. It is known that Sox2 regulates cell differentiation, proliferation and survival of the neural stem cells. Our previous study showed that Sox2 is expressed in all satellite glial cells of the adult rat dorsal root ganglion. In this study, to examine the role of Sox2 in satellite glial cells, we establish a satellite glial cell-enriched culture system. Our culture method succeeded in harvesting satellite glial cells with the somata of neurons in the dorsal root ganglion. Using this culture system, Sox2 was downregulated by siRNA against Sox2. The knockdown of Sox2 downregulated ErbB2 and ErbB3 mRNA at 2 and 4 days after siRNA treatment. MAPK phosphorylation, downstream of ErbB, was also inhibited by Sox2 knockdown. Because ErbB2 and ErbB3 are receptors that support the survival of glial cells in the peripheral nervous system, apoptotic cells were also counted. TUNEL-positive cells increased at 5 days after siRNA treatment. These results suggest that Sox2 promotes satellite glial cell survival through the MAPK pathway via ErbB receptors.journal articl

The Relationship between Stock Price and Financial Index : The Case of Banking World

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