Effect of “Anime Pilgrimage” on Region Revitalization From view point of Tourist Attraction by local Government Policies

亜細亜大学修士（経営学）thesi

モリ コウイチ ト マス メディア

調査・研究報告application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

Bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic cell fabricated by electrospray deposition method using mixed organic solvent

http://www.interscience.wiley.com/ | http://www.interscience.wiley.com/A high-efficiency bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cell (OPV) was achieved by the electrospray deposition method. The surface roughness of the P3HT:PCBM thin film can be reduced using the mixed solvent consisting of o-dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) and acetone. The effect of acetone concentration is related to its dielectric constant. Under an optimized concentration of acetone in o-DCB (20 vol%), the P3HT/PCBM active layer with a smooth surface can be formed, and the power conversion efficiency of the OPV was 1.9%.textapplication/pdfjournal articl

Observation of b→dγ and Determination of |Vtd/Vts|

journal articl

Domestic Violence against Women in Bangladesh : A Study of Rajshahi City

application/pdf本論文では、高等教育と経済的豊かさは家庭内暴力（DV）の発生に反比例するという仮説を吟味する。その理由は、従来それらがDV発生を緩和する効果があると考えられているからである。本研究は、バングラデシュにおける女性に対するDV と闘うために、その事実、原因、結果、および対策を探求する試みである。体験に関するこの研究は、バングラデシュではあまり注目されない大都市であるラジュシャヒ市で行った実地調査に基づく。本研究では、データ収集の実地調査技法を用いた。本研究のデータは、DVの性質とタイプ、発生頻度、原因、結果およびDV対策のための新法施行の必要性に、先ず焦点を当てる。母集団を適切に代表する無作為抽出法を使い、合計94人の女性回答者を選んだ。回答者には印刷したアンケートを渡し、面接の際に回答を記録した。その後、収集データを整理、分析、統合して本研究の結論を導いた。さらに、数人の回答者については、詳細な調査を行い、実地調査のデータを補足した。　性差別の観点から見て、バングラデシュは男性優位の社会であり、その原因として多くの社会経済的、宗教的、法的および歴史的要因がある。本研究において、男性優位とはバングラデシュに存在する男女間の社会的不平等を指す。多くの局面の中でも、男性優位は、家族の問題と収入を得る仕事への女性の参加が少ないかまたは無いことに現れている。本研究は、教育を受けた女性がDVについて十分な知識を持ち合わせていないことを示す。家庭内である種の地位を得たとしても、女性はすべての自由を得ることができない。女性は、自分が働いて得た収入さえ自由に使えない。その結果、女性は収入を得る仕事に就いた後も男性に依存し続ける。そのことが、バングラデシュ社会の男性優位の度合いを表す。この男性優位が女性に対するDVに関連することは、本研究で示す通りである。本研究はさらに、DV発生率が既婚女性に対して非常に高く、その主因は心理的、文化的、経済的、社会的要因であることを示す。具体的な要因として、意志伝達不良、攻撃的な振舞い、怒りの発現、欲求不満、男女平等意識の欠如、バングラデシュで一般的な結婚持参金制度が挙げられる。結論として本研究は、DVに関する女性の意識向上、女性教育の向上、女性の地位向上、DV対策法の施行、国家経済への女性参加の拡大を、DV問題解決策として勧める。This paper examines the hypothesis that higher education and economic prosperity are inversely related to domestic violence, as these factors are conventionally believed to have an ameliorating impact on the incidence of domestic violence (DV). It is an attempt to explore the facts, causes, consequences and measures of combating of domestic violence (DV) against women in Bangladesh. Empirically, the present study is an extract of field-based research conducted in a less-focused metropolitan city, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. The study followed the methodological technique of field survey for collecting data. The focus of data for this study primarily on the nature and types of domestic violence, frequency of violence, the causes and consequences of domestic violence, and the need to enact a new law for combating DV. A total of 94 female respondents were selected through a random sampling method with adequate representative value. The respondents were supplied with printed questionnaires on which information was recorded during interviews. Subsequently, collected data were collated, analyzed and synthesized in order to derive conclusions regarding the study. In addition, a few in-depth case studies on some selected respondents were carried out to supplement the field data.　From a gender perspective, Bangladesh society is dominated by males, due to a plethora of socio-economic, religious, legal and historical factors. By "male domination", the study refers to the social inequalities that exist between man and women in Bangladesh. In many areas, male domination is demonstrated through the low or lack of participation of women in the decision-making process in family matters and income- generating activities. The study reveals that even educated women in Bangladesh do not have enough knowledge about domestic violence. Although they can enjoy some status in the family, they cannot enjoy all of their freedoms. Women cannot spend their earnings from jobs independently. Consequently, women remain dependent even after their engagement in income-generating activities, which reflects the extent to which society in Bangladesh is male dominated. This domination has a linkage with domestic violence against women, as shown in the study. The study further shows that the incidence of DV is very high among married women, and it is mostly caused by psychological, cultural, economic and social factors. Some of the specific factors include miscommunication, aggression, anger, frustration, lack of respect for equality between men and women and the prevailing dowry system in the country. Finally, the study recommends that increasing awareness of women about DV, educating more women, empowering women, enforcing DV laws, and ensuring larger participation of women in the national economy can reduce the problem of DV.departmental bulletin pape

Middle Persian Transitive Preterite

1979-03departmental bulletin pape

EGFP inhibits NF-κB and JNK activation in 293T cells

<div><p>(<b>A</b>) Activation of an NF-κB luciferase reporter by a Flag-tagged API2-MALT1 fusion protein is inhibited by EGFP in a dose dependent manner.</p> <p>(<b>B</b>) EGFP does not block NF-κB dependent luciferase activity induced by expression of the p50/p65 subunits of NF-κB (<b>C</b>) Activation of an NF-κB luciferase reporter by Flag-API2-MALT1 is inhibited by EGFP mutated for the TRAF6 binding motif (<b>D</b>) EGFP but not pmaxGFP prevents TNF-α induced activation of the NF-κB luciferase reporter and phosphorylation of IκB-α and JUN in 293T cells.</p> <p>EGFP does not increase HSP70 levels or induce HSP70B′ in 293T cells.</p> <p>Fluorescence intensities (Ex485/Em520nm) for EGFP and pmaxGFP were both ∼100 fold above background. (<b>E</b>) N- and/or C-terminal EGFP fusion proteins (for API2, CHIC2, NXF5a, NXF1, MALT1, Actin, Rab5, Syndecan binding protein 2 (SDCBP2) or β-Tubulin) and EGFP with a nuclear localization signal (NLS) or a farnysilation site (pEGFP-F) reduce TNF-α-induced NF-κB luciferase reporter activity in 293T cells. Bottom: In humans, HSP70 is constitutively expressed under normal conditions, but Hsp70B′ is only induced in response to stress.</p> <p>There is no basal expression of Hsp70B′<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0000054#pone.0000054-Leung1" target="_blank">[28]</a>.</p> <p>As a positive controle for HSP70B′ expression, 293T cells (lane 2) were heat shocked at 44°C for two hours (lane 3) and allowed to recover at 37°C for 5 (lane 4) or 18 (lane 5) hours before harvest. NF-κB-dependent luciferase activity is represented for each experiment as fold induction of vector transfected cells and is represented graphically as the mean and standard deviation of at least three independent experiments.</p> <p>All molecular weight standards are in kDa.</p></div

Image_1_MALT1 Proteolytic Activity Suppresses Autoimmunity in a T Cell Intrinsic Manner.pdf

MALT1 is a central signaling component in innate and adaptive immunity by regulating NF-κB and other key signaling pathways in different cell types. Activities of MALT1 are mediated by its scaffold and protease functions. Because of its role in lymphocyte activation and proliferation, inhibition of MALT1 proteolytic activity is of high interest for therapeutic targeting in autoimmunity and certain lymphomas. However, recent studies showing that Malt1 protease-dead knock-in (Malt1-PD) mice suffer from autoimmune disease have somewhat tempered the initial enthusiasm. Although it has been proposed that an imbalance between immune suppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs) and activated effector CD4+ T cells plays a key role in the autoimmune phenotype of Malt1-PD mice, the specific contribution of MALT1 proteolytic activity in T cells remains unclear. Using T cell-conditional Malt1 protease-dead knock-in (Malt1-PDT) mice, we here demonstrate that MALT1 has a T cell-intrinsic role in regulating the homeostasis and function of thymic and peripheral T cells. T cell-specific ablation of MALT1 proteolytic activity phenocopies mice in which MALT1 proteolytic activity has been genetically inactivated in all cell types. The Malt1-PDT mice have a reduced number of Tregs in the thymus and periphery, although the effect in the periphery is less pronounced compared to full-body Malt1-PD mice, indicating that also other cell types may promote Treg induction in a MALT1 protease-dependent manner. Despite the difference in peripheral Treg number, both T cell-specific and full-body Malt1-PD mice develop ataxia and multi-organ inflammation to a similar extent. Furthermore, reconstitution of the full-body Malt1-PD mice with T cell-specific expression of wild-type human MALT1 eliminated all signs of autoimmunity. Together, these findings establish an important T cell-intrinsic role of MALT1 proteolytic activity in the suppression of autoimmune responses.</p

EGFP blocks Lys63- and Lys48-linked polyubiquitination.

<div><p>(<b>A</b>) 293T cells transfected with the indicated constructs and treated for 4 hours with 20 ng/ml TNF-α (lane 5 and 6) were immunoblotted with anti-Flag (API2-MALT1), anti-HA (HA-Ub-K63) and anti-EGFP antibodies (left panel) or anti-IKKγ immunoprecipitates were immunoblotted with anti-Flag (IKKγ) or anti-HA (ubiquitin) (right panel).</p> <p>(<b>B</b>) EGFP affects K48-linked polyubiquitination.</p> <p>293T cells were transfected with a Ubiquitin construct with only Lys48 available for polymerization (HA-Ub-K48), treated for 4 hours with 20 ng/ml TNF-α or left untreated and cell lysates were immunoblotted with anti-HA (Ub-K48) and anti-EGFP antibodies.</p> <p>Fluorescence intensities (Excitation 485/Emission 520 nm) for EGFP and pmaxGFP were comparable (∼100 fold higher then background values), expression of pDs-Red was confirmed by Fluorescence microscopy.</p> <p>(<b>C</b>) EGFP stabilizes exogenous API2-Myc in 293T cells via reduction of its Lys48-linked auto-ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.</p> <p>(<b>D</b>) Stable expression of EGFP in the merkel cell carcinoma cell line MCC14.2 reduces polyubiquitination and enhances endogenous p53 expression levels.</p> <p>The average ratio and standard deviation of p53 to actin signals are given (three independent experiments), (Ub)ⁿ : polyubiquitinated proteins.</p></div

MALT1 p76 activates NF-κB signalling in 293T cells.

<p>A) Features of Flag-tagged MALT1, p76, MALT1-C and MALT1-p19. Numbers indicate the start and stop AA position for p76, MALT1-C and MALT1-p19 relative to the MALT1 protein sequence (Refseq NP_006776.1, 824 AA). B-C) NF-κB-reporter assays of 293T cells transiently expressing MALT1, mp-MALT1, MALT1-p19, p76 and mutants or MALT1-C. NF-κB-dependent luciferase activity is shown as fold induction of vector-transfected cells and represents the mean +/- S.D. (n = 3). Immunoblot of cell lysates with a-Flag – a-β-actin shows equal expression/loading of the different MALT1 constructs (B) and a-MALT1-C (C) shows equal expression of the different MALT1 constructs. Bottom (C): streptavidin pull-down (bio-IP) of MALT1, p76 or MALT1-C, transiently expressed in 293T cells, and immunoblotted with a-MALT1C, a-TRAF6 and a-BCL10 antibodies. e-MALT1, e-TRAF6, e-BCL10: endogenous MALT1, TRAF6 and BCL10. D) immunoblot of bio-IPs of Avi-tagged Ub-p76 expressed together with Flag-p76 or Flag MALT1 with a-MALT1-C, a-Flag and a-TRAF6. * indicate non-specific bands.</p