Elevated expression of ZEB1 by FGFR IIIc isoform in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells

University of Yamanashi (山梨大学)博士(医学)医工博4甲第266号thesi

Improved Search for νμ→νe Oscillation in a Long-Baseline Accelerator Experiment

journal articl

Molecules That Cause or Prevent Parkinson's Disease

<div><p>(A) shows a simplified, linear view of the aggregation pathway of α-synuclein (in blue). The monomer of α-synuclein is a natively unfolded protein with several repeats, shown by dark bars on the monomer. The protein has an innate tendency to aggregate with other molecules of α-synuclein, first into oligomers (also known as protofibrils), then into fibrils. It is the fibrillar forms of α-synuclein that are deposited into the classic pathological structures of PD, Lewy bodies. There are several studies that suggest that the oligomeric intermediates are the major toxic species, although this is not certain. (B) shows the recessive mutations associated with parkinsonism and their possible relationships to subcellular targets, either mitochondria (left) or the proteasome (right). Insults to either of these can cause cellular damage and may interact. For example, proteasome inhibitors can cause mitochondrial damage, which can be antagonized by PINK1. Parkin can promote the turnover of proteasomal substrates, and DJ-1 can prevent mitochondrial damage.</p> <p>Quite whether (B) relates to (A) is not clear, but recent results with DJ-1 imply that DJ-1 has chaperone activity towards oligomers of α-synuclein (see text). Although there is much to be done to resolve the order of these events, it is likely that, either alone or in concert, damage to multiple cellular pathways leads to neuronal dysfunction and, eventually, cell death.</p></div

acaulis

Anisocoma acaulis  Torrey & A. GrayMorongo Valle

椿鑛山貪鑛製煉計画

東京帝国大学工科大学種別:卒業論文thesi

＜博士学位論文要旨＞民俗学的教育実践と国民教育 : 国民教育と民俗との相克とその克服

本研究の課題は、次のことを解明することである。第一に、1930 年代の郷土教育と戦後社会科発足時の社会科の教育実践やカリキュラムづくりの特質。第二に、これらの民俗学的教育実践の現場において、「教師や子どもの活動をどのように機制し、『国民』と『国家』」を表象させていったのか（佐藤 2001,p.ⅰ）ということ。第三に、教育実践の現場において形成されたナショナリズムが、なぜ、戦前と戦後において、その方向性が大きく異なったのか（佐藤 2001,p.ⅳ）ということと、これらの国民教育に脱構築の可能性はあったのか、ということである。　以上の課題について、解明しえたことは次のとおりである。第一に、本研究で取りあげた教師たちは、学校教育と村の教育現象との相克と、その克服という共通した問題意識と目的をもって教育実践にあたっていたということ。第二に、「国民」「国家」像の形成において、独自の論理を必要としたということである。なぜなら、教育実践において見出したのは差異に満ちた多様な民俗事象であり、それを統一する論理なしには単一な「国民」「国家」像を表象することは不可能だったからである。そして、第三に、その論理が「国民」「国家」像に特定の方向性をもたらし、民俗学にその根拠をもっているが故に、「国民」「国家」像は、「徹底的に現実的」で、「実証主義の立場」による民俗学の方法によって脱構築される可能性をもっていたということである。Issues of this study are as follows. (1) The 1930’s Folkloric Regional education and the elucidation of the nature of social study education practices and curriculum development at the time of inception and post-war social studies. (2) How nationalism was formed in the field of these education practices. (3) Why the direction of nationalism formed in the education practice field was so different in the prewar and postwar and also to elucidate the possibility of deconstructing nationalism. Findings in this study are as follows. (1) The teachers discussed in this study, are aware of the issues and conflicts between school education and the village education phenomena and in order to overcome it, shared their objectives to reform school education and life in the village. (2) These teachers required their own logic to form the nationalism of education practice field which logically resulted in a specific direction of their created nationalism. (3) This logic is based on clues from basic folklore. Therefore, nationalism that has been created as such has the potential to be destructed by the folklore they had based it on.departmental bulletin pape

清弁著『智恵のともしび』第II章和訳・解説（IV-1）

1984-03departmental bulletin pape

Cytokinins Control Endocycle Onset by Promoting the Expression of an APC/C Activator in Arabidopsis Roots

Plant roots respond to various internal and external signals and adjust themselves to changes of environmental conditions. In the root meristem, stem cells produce daughter cells that continue to divide several times. When these latter cells reach the transition zone, they stop dividing and enter the endocycle, a modified cell cycle in which DNA replication is repeated without mitosis or cytokinesis. The resultant DNA polyploidization, named endoreduplication, is usually associated with an increase of nuclear and cell volume and with cell differentiation [1,2,3,4]. At the transition zone, cytokinin signaling activates two transcription factors, type-B ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 1 (ARR1) and ARR12, and induces SHY2/IAA3, a member of the Aux/IAA family of auxin signaling repressors. This inhibits auxin signaling and reduces the expression of auxin efflux carriers, resulting in cell division arrest [5]. Such counteracting actions of two hormones are assumed to determine meristem size. However, it remains unknown whether cytokinins additionally control meristem size through an auxin-independent pathway. Here we show that, in Arabidopsis, the cytokinin-activated ARR2 directly upregulates the expression of CCS52A1, which encodes an activator of an E3 ubiquitin ligase, anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) [6], thereby promoting the onset of the endocycle and restricting meristem size. Our genetic data revealed that CCS52A1 function is independent of SHY2-mediated control of auxin signaling, indicating that downregulation of auxin signaling and APC/C-mediated degradation of cell-cycle regulators cooperatively promote endocycle onset, and thus fine tune root growth.journal articl