Artificial Intelligence Approach to Type 2 Diabetes Risk Prediction and Exploration of Predictive Factors: Applying Machine Learning Technique to Large-scale Health Checkup Data

University of Yamanashi (山梨大学)博士(医学)医工博4甲第277号thesi

Beacon-based sleep-wake monitoring in dogs

The sleep-wake cycle represents a crucial physiological process essential for maintaining homeostasis and promoting individual growth. In dogs, alterations in sleep patterns associated with age and dog's correlation with temperament factors, such as nervousness, have been reported, and there is an increasing demand for precise monitoring of sleep and physical activity in dogs. The present study aims to develop an analysis method for measuring sleep-wake patterns and physical activity in dogs by utilizing an accelerometer and a smartphone. By analyzing time series data collected from the accelerometer attached to the dog's collar, a comprehensive sleep and activity analysis model was constructed. This model classified the activity level into seven classes and effectively highlighted the variations in sleep-activity patterns. Two classes with lower activity levels were considered as sleep, while other five levels were regarded as wake based on the rate of occurrence. This protocol of data acquisition and analysis provides a methodology that enables accurate and extended evaluation of both sleep and physical activity in dogs.journal articl

TRPV4 channel activity is modulated by direct interaction of the ankyrin domain to PI(4,5)P2

Mutations in the ankyrin repeat domain (ARD) of ?TRPV4 are responsible for several channelopathies, including Charcot?Marie?Tooth disease type 2C and congenital distal and scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy. However, the molecular pathogenesis mediated by these mutations remains elusive, mainly due to limited understanding of the ?TRPV4 ARD function. Here we show that phosphoinositide binding to the ?TRPV4 ARD leads to suppression of the channel activity. Among the phosphoinositides, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) most potently binds to the ?TRPV4 ARD. The crystal structure of the ?TRPV4 ARD in complex with ?inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate, the head-group of PI(4,5)P2, and the molecular-dynamics simulations revealed the PI(4,5)P2-binding amino-acid residues. The ?TRPV4 channel activities were increased by titration or hydrolysis of membrane PI(4,5)P2. Notably, disease-associated ?TRPV4 mutations that cause a gain-of-function phenotype abolished PI(4,5)P2 binding and PI(4,5)P2 sensitivity. These findings identify ?TRPV4 ARD as a lipid-binding domain in which interactions with PI(4,5)P2 normalize the channel activity in ?TRPV4.journal articl

Darkness at noon ト Nineteen eighty-four ニオケル ヒカク ケンキュウ . William Faulkner ノ The bear ニツイテ ノ イチコウサツ . Conditional belief : A passage to India ニオケル イチコウサツ

研究発表会報告application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

Association between filaggrin gene mutations and the clinical features of molluscum contagiosum: The Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study

Previous studies have reported swimming, atopic dermatitis, and filaggrin (FLG) gene mutations as risk factors for molluscum contagiosum (MC) infection. FLG gene mutations impair skin barrier function. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of FLG mutations on the incidence and clinical features of MC. We used data from 2036 children who participated in the Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a prospective, birth cohort study. A questionnaire for caregivers (when children were 4 and 8 years of age) asked about clinical features including previous MC incidence and treatment, number of MC lesions at first visit, and time to resolution. Participants underwent genotyping to detect six FLG mutations that are common in the Japanese population. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between MC incidence and FLG mutations, adjusted for potential confounders. The cumulative incidence of MC at age 8 years was 47.1%. Among participants with a history of MC, 67.6% had undergone curettage. FLG mutation was a significant risk factor for MC incidence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18–2.42). Swimming and atopic dermatitis were also significant risk factors for MC. There was no significant association between FLG mutation and the number of MC lesions at the first visit or the time to resolution of lesions. FLG mutation is a risk factor for MC incidence; however, FLG mutations do not affect the number of MC lesions at presentation or the time to resolution

Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy andchild development: Role of ADH1B and ALDH2 genepolymorphisms—The Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the JapanEnvironment and Children's Study

Background The role of polymorphisms in genes regulating alcohol metabolism, particularly those modulating the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure on the neurodevelopment of offspring, remains inconclusive. Herein, we aimed to determine the involvement of ADH1B and ALDH2 gene polymorphisms in maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the risk of developmental delay in offspring in a Japanese population. Methods We analyzed 1727 mother–child pairs from the Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy was determined through a mid-pregnancy questionnaire and categorized into three groups: never-drinkers, those who quit drinking in early pregnancy, and current drinkers. Developmental delays in children were assessed in five domains using the Japanese version of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition (J-ASQ-3) at 3 years of age. We conducted a logistic regression analysis to explore the relationship between maternal drinking status during pregnancy and developmental delays in offspring with respect to maternal ADH1B (rs1229984) or ALDH2 (rs671) gene polymorphisms. Results Children born to mothers who continued alcohol consumption during pregnancy had a higher risk of delayed communication skills at 3 years of age compared with children born to mothers who did not drink alcohol (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.84–18.38). Analysis by ALDH2 gene polymorphism revealed that alcohol consumption by mothers carrying the wild-type ALDH2 (*1/*1) increased the risk of delayed communication skills at 3 years of age, whereas alcohol consumption by mothers carrying a heterozygotic genotype of ALDH2 (*1/*2) enhanced the risk of developmental delay in all five domains of the J-ASQ-3. The impact of ADH1B gene polymorphism could not be clearly elucidated. Conclusions Our results suggest that alcohol consumption by pregnant females carrying the deficient variant ALDH2*2 genotype may increase the risk of developmental delay in their offspring

Association of maternal leukocyte, monocyte, and neutrophil counts with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) increase the risk of preterm births and cesarean delivery. This study aimed to investigate whether maternal blood leukocyte, monocyte, or neutrophil counts in the first trimester are related to the development of HDP. Data were collected from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, a large birth cohort study (n = 38,194) that recruited pregnant women in 15 Regional Centers across Japan (from January 2011 to March 2014). The odds ratios (ORs) for mild/severe HDP according to the cut-off value of leukocyte/neutrophil/monocyte counts by the receiver operating characteristic curve showed high ORs. Furthermore, pregnant women with the highest quartiles of leukocyte and monocyte counts had higher adjusted ORs (aORs) for mild (leukocyte: aOR = 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.58; monocyte: aOR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.63) and severe HDP (leukocyte: aOR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.08–2.13; monocyte: aOR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.03–2.01) compared with those with the lowest quartiles of those counts. In addition, pregnant women with the highest neutrophil counts had higher aOR for mild HDP (aOR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.02–1.56) compared with those with the lowest count. In conclusion, high leukocyte and monocyte counts in the first trimester are associated with the development of HDP. Thus, they may be used to predict subsequent HDP

Advanced maternal age elevates the prevalence of hypertensive disorders in women of Japanese, independent of blood pressure: a study from the Japan Environment and Children’s study

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are leading causes of maternal and infant mortality, and maternal age is a known factor influencing maternal and pediatric outcomes during childbirth. This study aimed to clarify the impact of maternal age-specific blood pressure (BP) and its patterns on the risk of HDP using data from a large nationwide study in Japan. This cohort study (N = 100,949) used data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. The outcome variables in this study were HDP at each trimester of pregnancy. We stratified the participants into groups according to their age. The risk of HDP tended to be higher in women aged ≥35 years than in those aged  60 mmHg significantly increased the risk of HDP. This large national cohort study indicates that the risk of HDP is associated with maternal age and PP in Japan. Early diagnosis of HDP can be achieved by focusing on the BP in the first trimester of pregnancy and PP

Improved Search for νμ→νe Oscillation in a Long-Baseline Accelerator Experiment

journal articl

Design on Crucible Steel Process（坩堝鋼製造計画）

東京帝国大学工科大学種別:卒業論文thesi