Differential contribution of canonical and noncanonical NLGN3 pathways to early social development and memory performance

Neuroligin (NLGN) 3 is a postsynaptic cell adhesion protein organizing synapse formation through two different types of transsynaptic interactions, canonical interaction with neurexins (NRXNs) and a recently identified noncanonical interaction with protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) δ. Although, NLGN3 gene is known as a risk gene for neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID), the pathogenic contribution of the canonical NLGN3-NRXN and noncanonical NLGN3-PTPδ pathways to these disorders remains elusive. In this study, we utilized Nlgn3 mutant mice selectively lacking the interaction with either NRXNs or PTPδ and investigated their social and memory performance. Neither Nlgn3 mutants showed any social cognitive deficiency in the social novelty recognition test. However, the Nlgn3 mutant mice lacking the PTPδ pathway exhibited significant decline in the social conditioned place preference (sCPP) at the juvenile stage, suggesting the involvement of the NLGN3-PTPδ pathway in the regulation of social motivation and reward. In terms of learning and memory, disrupting the canonical NRXN pathway attenuated contextual fear conditioning while disrupting the noncanonical NLGN3-PTPδ pathway enhanced it. Furthermore, disruption of the NLGN3-PTPδ pathway negatively affected the remote spatial reference memory in the Barnes maze test. These findings highlight the differential contributions of the canonical NLGN3-NRXN and noncanonical NLGN3-PTPδ synaptogenic pathways to the regulation of higher order brain functions associated with ASD and ID.journal articl

Nursing Care for Tube Feeing Patients of Post Cardiovascular Surgery Nutritious Approach for Preventing Diarrhea

集中治療部において心臓血管術後栄養管理は、今まで静脈栄養を主としていた。長期絶食後、経管栄養を開始すると下痢となり、効果的に栄養管理が進まないことが多くあった。そのため、術後経管栄養の早期導入・ヤクルト使用による腸内細菌正常化・チューブ内の酢水充填による清潔管理・適正な注入剤の選択・注入速度の調整を実施。結果、心臓血管術後患者において下痢を起こさず、効果的に経管栄養が進んだ事例について検討した。Article信州大学医学部附属病院看護研究集録 38(1): 185-192(2009)departmental bulletin pape

Measurement of the Branching Fraction, Polarization, and CP Asymmetry for B0→ρ+ρ- Decays, and Determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Phase ϕ2

journal articl

日本金属鉱山運鉱車設計

東京帝国大学工学部種別:卒業論文thesi

天狗のイメージ生成について―十二世紀後半までを中心に―

2007-11-15departmental bulletin pape

0812-9869-9940 (WA), Jual Keranda Mayat Nguter

<p>0812-9869-9940 (WA), Jual Keranda Mayat Nguter@@Jual Keranda Mayat Nguter, Jual Keranda Mayat Talaga, Jual Keranda Mayat Puhpelem, Jual Keranda Mayat Purwantoro, Jual Keranda Mayat Selogiri, Jual Keranda Mayat Slogohimo, Jual Keranda Mayat Tirtomoyo, Jual Keranda Mayat Wonogiri, Jual Keranda Mayat Wuryantoro@@keranda jenazah 1 set promo @keranda mayat dan pemandian sepaket@keranda awet kokoh anti karat@paket keranda murah@paket keranda jenazah dan pemandian 1 paket@keranda paket@paket pemandian jenazah dan keranda@pemandian jenazah@GRATIS KAIN PENUTUP KERANDA@Menyediakan berbagai kebutuhan kepengurusan jenazah@@Dengan material stainless steel, kami memproduksi KERANDA JENAZAH dan PEMANDIAN JENAZAH yang mana ANTI KARAT, KOKOH, dan JELAS KEAWETANNYA.@@Memudahkan bagi jamaah sekalian dalam kepengurusan jenazah@Dibuat dari STAINLESS STEEL sehingga tahan karat dan aman disimpan dalam ruangan@Desain yang KOKOH mampu menahan berat hingga 300kg @@Spesifikasi Singkat:@-KERANDA@Bahan : Stainless Steel 201@Dimensi : Panjang 200 cm � Lebar 65 cm -Tinggi kurungan 64cm@Beban Maximum 300 kg@@-PEMANDIAN JENAZAH@Bahan : Stainless Steel 201@Dimensi : Panjang 205cm - Lebar 75cm - Tinggi 80cm@Beban MAX : 300KG@@@#JualKerandaMayatNguter, #JualKerandaMayatTalaga, #JualKerandaMayatPuhpelem, #JualKerandaMayatPurwantoro, #JualKerandaMayatSelogiri, #JualKerandaMayatSlogohimo, #JualKerandaMayatTirtomoyo, #JualKerandaMayatWonogiri, #JualKerandaMayatWuryantoro</p&gt

半へん長回転だ円体状ピットを有する半無限体の二軸一様引張り

表面に半へん長回転だ円体状ビットを有する半無限体が無限遠方で二軸一様引張加重を受ける軸対称問題を三次元弾性論に基づいて厳密に解析した.解析では Boussinesqの応力関数を用い,これにへん長回転だ円体座標で表された二組の調和関数を与え,半無限体表面およびビット面上の境界条件を満足させた.ビット周辺の応力分布と求め,だ円体の形状比が応力集中関数に及ぼす影響を明らかにした.rights: 社団法人日本機械学会 rights: 本文データは学協会の許諾に基づきCiNiiから複製したものである relation: IsVersionOf: http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110002375350/textapplication/pdfjournal articl

High-affinity monoclonal IgA regulates gut microbiota and prevents colitis in mice

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the main antibody isotype secreted into the intestinal lumen. IgA plays a critical role in the defence against pathogens and in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. However, how secreted IgA regulates gut microbiota is not completely understood. In this study, we isolated monoclonal IgA antibodies from the small intestine of healthy mouse. As a candidate for an efficient gut microbiota modulator, we selected a W27 IgA, which binds to multiple bacteria, but not beneficial ones such as Lactobacillus casei. W27 could suppress the cell growth of Escherichia coli but not L. casei in vitro, indicating an ability to improve the intestinal environment. Indeed W27 oral treatment could modulate gut microbiota composition and have a therapeutic effect on both lymphoproliferative disease and colitis models in mice. Thus, W27 IgA oral treatment is a potential remedy for inflammatory bowel disease, acting through restoration of host?microbial symbiosis.journal articl