小学校体育授業における教師の発問の実態に関する研究

本研究では、小学校体育授業における発問の観察カテゴリーを設定し、一単位時間の学習指導場面における教師の各発問の回数とその頻度を明らかにすることを目的とした。 　分析の結果、小学校体育授業の学習指導場面では、授業の「はじめ」や「おわり」に今までの学習を振り返らせる回顧的発問や、授業の「はじめ」に答えが明確で運動のポイントや動きのコツなどについて理解させる収束的発問が多く投げかけられていた。また、正しいフォームや正確性などが求められるクローズドスキル領域では、答えが明確な収束的発問が多く、適切な判断などが求められるオープンスキル領域ではクローズドスキル領域と比べて、多様な答えが想定される発散的発問が多かった。さらに、発問が多い教師は、授業の「はじめ」に運動の技能ポイントなどついて理解させる収束的発問が多く、発問が少ない教師は授業の「おわり」に今まで学んできたものなどを振り返る回顧的発問の割合が高かった。 　このように、小学校体育授業一単位時間の学習指導場面における教師の各発問の回数とその頻度、領域の違いや出現回数別授業における教師の発問の特徴について明らかにすることができた。departmental bulletin pape

Age at death and cause of death of pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) seen at an exotic animal clinic in Tokyo, Japan: a retrospective study of 898 cases (2006–2020)

Background As the quality of care received by pet rabbits improves, the age at death of these animals is expected to increase; however, reliable data on the age at death of pet rabbits is lacking. The present retrospective study aims to clarify the age at death and cause of death of pet rabbits. Materials and Methods The age at death, cause of death, and clinical details of 898 rabbits that died between 2006 and 2020 were obtained by reviewing paper-based medical records, including necropsy and/or biopsy reports, at a referral exotic animal hospital in Japan. Results The median age at death in the 898 rabbits was 7 years (interquartile range: 5to9 years), and 18% of all rabbits lived beyond 9 years. The main causes of death included neoplasia (n = 223; 24.8%), gastrointestinal disease (n = 135; 15.0%), bacterial abscess (n = 90; 10.0%), urinary disease (n = 85; 9.5%), trauma (n = 44; 4.9%), and cardiac disease (n = 27; 3.0%). Gastrointestinal disease was the most common cause of death in younger-aged rabbits (4 years or less), while neoplasia was the most common cause of death in the middle to older-aged rabbits (5 years or more). Clinical significance This is one of the largest retrospective studies on the age at death in pet rabbits conducted to date; thus, the findings will serve as a useful reference for veterinarians working with such rabbits. Nevertheless, additional studies are needed to elucidate differences in the age at death of rabbits according to sex and neutering status.journal articl

動的経路案内システム「PRONAVI」の開発と性能評価実験

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Factors affecting the welfare services' utilization by low-income elderly : an analysis based on the 10th data of the Korea welfare panel

本研究は，中位所得60％未満の低所得高齢者において，福祉サービスの利用に影響を及ぼす要因を個人的要因，心理的要因，経済的要因を中心に検証を行っている。福祉サービスに対する需要が高い低所得高齢者のニーズに応える福祉サービスを開発するための基礎資料を提供することを目的として，韓国福祉パネルの第10次データを用いて分析を行った。データの分析は，まず頻度分析，平均と標準偏差などの記述統計を示し，次に各変数による利用サービス水準をt-検定と一元配置分散分析（Analysis of Variance, ANOVA）を通じて分析を行った。さらに，低所得高齢者の福祉サービス利用に影響を及ぼす要因を明らかにするため，多重回帰分析を行った。それらの結果に基づいて，今後，低所得高齢者を対象とする福祉サービスが向かうべき方向を提示している。This study analyzes factors affecting the welfare services' utilization by low-income elderly. The related factors are examined by focusing on individual factors, psychological factors, and economic factors. Low-income elderly people have higher demands for welfare services than general elderly people. Therefore, we conducted the analysis using the 10th data of the Korea Welfare Panel with the aim of providing basic information necessary for developing welfare services that meet these needs. Data analysis includes frequency analysis, averages and standard deviations. Next, welfare service levels are analyzed by t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). In addition, multiple regression analysis are conducted to clarify factors influencing the utilization of welfare services by low-income elderly. Based on the above results, the future direction of welfare services for the elderly with low incomes is suggested.論文(Article)application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

Improved Constraints on D0-D̅0 Mixing in D0→K+π- Decays from the Belle Detector

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可変レベルキャッシュの低電力化に関する研究

application/pdf現在,ノートパソコンや携帯電話,スマートフォンなどのモバイル端末の高性能化にともない消費エネルギーが増大し,バッテリによる駆動時間が短くなるという問題が発生している.そこで,モバイル端末の性能を落とすことなく低消費エネルギーを実現することが要求されている.現在,高性能かつ低消費エネルギーを実現する様々な手法が提案されている.その手法の一つとして可変レベルキャッシユが提案されている.可変レベルキャッシユは,アプリケーシヨンが多くのキヤツシユ容量を必要とする場合はキヤツシユ容量を通常の容量で使用する通常モードとして動作し,必要とするキャッシユ容量が少ない場合にはキヤツシユ容量の半分をエネルギー消費の少ないスリープモードにする低消費エネルギーモードとして動作する。低消費エネルギーモードにおいて,スリープモードに移行した部分は擬似的に1つ下位レベルの排他的キャッシユとして利用される.可変レベルキャッシユは通常モードと低消費エネルギーモードを動的に切換ることによって高性能と低消費エネルギーの両立を実現する手法である.可変レベルキャッシユは他手法と比較して性能維持に優れた手法であることが明らかにされている.しかしその反面,消費エネルギー削減効率があまり高くないという問題点があった.そこで本論文では,可変レベルキャッシユの消費エネルギー削減効率を高める為に2つの改良を行った。1つ目は可変レベルキャッシユの新たな制御アルゴリズムを考案し,キャッシユの50%だったスリープモード領域を従来では制御出来なかった75%まで拡張させるモードを追加することで,消費エネルギー削減効率を平均約18%高めることが出来た.しかし,単純にスリープモード領域を拡張した場合,通常モードにおいて可変レベルキャシユの挙動により,本来とは異なる箇所に移動されたデータヘの追加アクセス回数が増大した結果,動的エネルギーが増加するという問題が発生する.この問題を解決する為に2つ目の改良を行った。追加アクセス時に不必要なキャッシュアクセスが発生している事に着目し,目的のデータの場所を記憶させる機構を考案した.この結果,追加アクセス時のキャッシユアクセスが必要最小限になり,動的エネルギーを平均約18%削減することが出来た.これらの改良を行つた結果,シミュレーシヨン評価によると性能評価指標であるエネルギー遅延積(ED積)で比較して,従来の可変レベルキャッシユと比べて平均約34%性能向上することが明らかとなった.Increasing power consumption has been becoming a major concern not only for mobile computing but also high-performance computing, and processors are required to achieve both low-energy and high-performance at the same time. In particular, it is important to reduce leakage energy consumed in a cache memory because power dissipated by leakage current is a dominant factor in deep submicron technologies and the cache memory dissipates a large amount of leakage energy. To achieve high performance and low-energy simultaneously, a variable level cache (VLC) is proposed. The VLC dynamically varies the cache capacity according to required cache capacity by running program. If the VLC detects that the current running program does not need large cache memory, half of the cache memory is put into standby mode, and is virtually treated as a lower level exclusive cache. In this way, the VLC succeeded in reducing leakage energy without performance degradation. To reduce more energy consumption this paper proposes two novel approaches for VLC. As the first approach, this paper devises a novel algorithm to control VLC. The improved VLC can expand sleep mode area to 75% of the cache. As a result, this approach can reduce IS% energy consumption compared with the previous VLC. However, if the improved VLC incurs increase in its dynamic energy consumption. The increase in dynamic energy consumption is caused by increasing the number of extra access which accesses the data moved to incorrect place due to the behavior of VLC. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a second approach. As the second approach, this paper focuses on unnecessary accesses which is put on incorrect place. This approach memorizes detailed place that has the data in the extra access. As a result, this second approach further reduce 18% dynamic energy consumption compared with the first approach because it minimizes the dynamic energy of extra access. According to simulation results of these two approaches, proposed VLC can improve 34% energy-delay product compared to the previous VLC.三重大学大学院 工学研究科 情報工学専攻 計算機アーキテクチャ研究室35thesi

Introductory mathematical analysis.

Includes index.xvii, 811, [56] p.

The protein network of bacterial motility

Motility is achieved in most bacterial species by the flagellar apparatus. It consists of dozens of different proteins with thousands of individual subunits. The published literature about bacterial chemotaxis and flagella documented 51 protein?protein interactions (PPIs) so far. We have screened whole genome two‐hybrid arrays of Treponema pallidum and Campylobacter jejuni for PPIs involving known flagellar proteins and recovered 176 and 140 high‐confidence interactions involving 110 and 133 proteins, respectively. To explore the biological relevance of these interactions, we tested an Escherichia coli gene deletion array for motility defects (using swarming assays) and found 159 gene deletion strains to have reduced or no motility. Comparing our interaction data with motility phenotypes from E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Helicobacter pylori, we found 23 hitherto uncharacterized proteins involved in motility. Integration of phylogenetic information with our interaction and phenotyping data reveals a conserved core of motility proteins, which appear to have recruited many additional species‐specific components over time. Our interaction data also predict 18 110 interactions for 64 flagellated bacteria.Mol Syst Biol. 3: 128journal articl

Regulation of Gonad Morphogenesis and Gametogenesis by the BTB Protein Ribbon

Presentation of poster 819C. Poster file is included. </p

First Isolation and Identification of Homologous Recombination Events of Porcine Adenovirus from Wild Boar

Porcine adenoviruses (PAdVs) are distributed in pig populations and classified into five immunologically distinct serotypes (PAdV-1 to 5). In this study, a PAdV was isolated from a fecal sample of wild boar for the first time. Whole-genome analysis revealed that this strain (Ino5) has sequence homology (approximately &gt; 93%) throughout the genome with the PAdV-5 strain HNF-70 that was isolated from a pig in Japan in 1987, except for the hexon, E3 612R, and fiber coding regions. Two possible recombination breakpoints were detected in the hexon and E3 612R regions, which were found to have reduced GC content. Structural prediction analysis showed that a part of the hexon protein corresponding to the tower region of Ino5 had structural differences when compared with HNF-70, suggesting antigenic heterogeneity between these strains. PAdVs were detected in 1.77% (2/113) and 12% (12/100) of the fecal samples from wild boars and pigs collected in Japan by PCR, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of the hexon and fiber genes revealed that some samples showed different grouping in the hexon and fiber genes, suggesting that these viruses have recombination events. These findings suggest that the PAdV-5 has evolved with homologous recombination events in the same manner as human adenoviruses among not only pig populations, but also wild boars in Japan