正書法改革の施行における諸問題 : シュレスヴィヒ=ホルシュタイン州の場合

application/pdf独仏文学. 2000, 34, p.129-148departmental bulletin pape

GC-MS法による魚体中の化学物質の分析法の検討

application/pdfThis paper describes the experiments for evaluating the application of gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) to the identification of volatile chemicals in fishes collected in the Bay of Tokyo and the Bay of Sendai. Samples were frozen by liquid oxygen or nitrogen and finely divided by hammer. These pieces were put in glass vessel at 40℃ and head space gas was concentrated to the GC sampling tube and Tenax sampling tube, then introduced to GC-MS. As the results, more than fifty chemicals were detected as follows : dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloroethylene, methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl ether, acetaldehyde dimethylsulhyde, aromatics, parafins, oleffins and phenoIs.departmental bulletin pape

Systematic Production of Inactivating and Non-Inactivating Suppressor Mutations at the relA Locus That Compensate the Detrimental Effects of Complete spoT Loss and Affect Glycogen Content in Escherichia coli

In Escherichia coli, ppGpp is a major determinant of growth and glycogen accumulation. Levels of this signaling nucleotide are controlled by the balanced activities of the ppGpp RelA synthetase and the dual-function hydrolase/synthetase SpoT. Here we report the construction of spoT null (ΔspoT) mutants obtained by transducing a ΔspoT allele from ΔrelAΔspoT double mutants into relA+ cells. Iodine staining of randomly selected transductants cultured on a rich complex medium revealed differences in glycogen content among them. Sequence and biochemical analyses of 8 ΔspoT clones displaying glycogen-deficient phenotypes revealed different inactivating mutations in relA and no detectable ppGpp when cells were cultured on a rich complex medium. Remarkably, although the co-existence of ΔspoT with relA proficient alleles has generally been considered synthetically lethal, we found that 11 ΔspoT clones displaying high glycogen phenotypes possessed relA mutant alleles with non-inactivating mutations that encoded stable RelA proteins and ppGpp contents reaching 45-85% of those of wild type cells. None of the ΔspoT clones, however, could grow on M9-glucose minimal medium. Both Sanger sequencing of specific genes and high-throughput genome sequencing of the ΔspoT clones revealed that suppressor mutations were restricted to the relA locus. The overall results (a) defined in around 4 nmoles ppGpp/g dry weight the threshold cellular levels that suffice to trigger net glycogen accumulation, (b) showed that mutations in relA, but not necessarily inactivating mutations, can be selected to compensate total SpoT function(s) loss, and (c) provided useful tools for studies of the in vivo regulation of E. coli RelA ppGpp synthetase.journal articl

115 教育統計データベースの構築と利用に関する一考察(I-1部会 理論(1))

rights: 日本教育社会学会 rights: 本文データは学協会の許諾に基づきCiNiiから複製したものである relation: IsVersionOf: http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110001890253/textapplication/pdfjournal articl

爬虫類皮革の質感表現の一手法

本論文はコンピュータ・グラフィクス(CG)における爬虫類皮革の表現手法について述べたものである.CGの分野では自然物の表現方法に対する関心が深まっており,さまざまな対象について研究が行われている.しかし,生物,特に爬虫類などの動物に関する研究は,これまでにほとんど行われていない.ヘビやトカゲ,あるいはワニなどの爬虫類の皮革はハンドバックなどの製品として定用される比較的身近な対象であり,その表現手法は皮革製品のデザインや各種の映像制作などへの利用が考えられる.本論文では爬虫類皮革の最も顕著な特徴であるウロコの並びによる模様に注目し,特にワニの皮革の表現方法を中心に,ボロノイ分割などの幾何学的な手法を用いた爬虫類皮革の表現方法について述べる.具体的には,(1)シードの配置と移動とを工夫した2段階のポロノイ分割を用いてウロコの模様を多角形で表現し,(2)この多角形にベジェ曲線で設定した断面形状を用いて立体的な皮革データを生成し,(3)生成した皮革データを曲面にマッピングして表示を行うものである.本手法による皮革データを製品形状にマッピングして表示することになり,製品デザインへの応用の可能性を確認した.In this paper, we discuss a method for rendering skins or leathers of reptiles such as lizards, snakes, crocodiles, etc. with computer graphics. Leathers of reptiles that are used for a handbag or a belt are constituted by many scales, and these scales make characteristic pattern. The scale pattern of the leather can be generated by Voronoi division and Bezier curves. The detailed explain is as follows. The first step is to make polygons of scale pattern by Voronoi division. The second step is to make a three-dimensional leather model from the scale pattern and a cross section defined by Bezier curve. The last step is to map the leather pattern onto surfaces. Rendering industrial leather products such as handbag or belt with our proposed method, we confirmed that our method is useful for industrial design.journal articl

Head-to-Head Comparison of Serum Fractionation Techniques

Multiple approaches for simplifying the serum proteome have been described. These techniques are generally developed across different laboratories, samples, mass spectrometry platforms, and analysis tools. Hence, comparing the available schemes is impossible from the existing literature because of confounding variables. We describe a head-to-head comparison of several serum fractionation schemes, including N-linked glycopeptide enrichment, cysteinyl-peptide enrichment, magnetic bead separation (C3, C8, and WCX), size fractionation, protein A/G depletion, and immunoaffinity column depletion of abundant serum proteins. Each technique was compared to results obtained from unfractionated human serum. The results show immunoaffinity subtraction is the most effective means for simplifying the serum proteome while maintaining reasonable sample throughput. The reported dataset is publicly available and provides a standard against which emergent technologies can be compared and evaluated for their contribution to serum-based biomarker discovery. Keywords: biomarker • human serum • human plasma • fractionation • immunoaffinity depletion • LC/M