滞日アフリカ人のアソシエーション設立行動と集会活動 ─滞日カメルーン人の協力ネットワークと階層性

2008-03-31この論考は、さまざまな国から日本にやってくる移民や外国人労働者の生活動態を考究するテーマのうち、今日までまったく触れられてこなかった在日・滞日アフリカ人の生活動態を記述・考察する一連のエスノグラフィーの一つを構成するものである。本稿は、日本にいるアフリカ人のうち、特にカメルーン人が、共同、親睦、交流や相互扶助を目的として、ボランタリー・アソシエーションを設立する動きと、すでに設立されたボランタリー・アソシエーションの活動の一端を明らかにする。そして、結論として、本稿は、まず第１に、在日カメルーン人の集合行動がもうすでに常態化しているほどに日本に根付いて組織されていることを、指摘する。そして第２に、そうではあるものの、親睦や共助の社会機能をもつこのカメルーン人結社の包摂範囲は、不安定なオーバー・ステイ層を包みきるほどには及んでいないことを、指摘する。This article aims at describing the way of life of Cameroonians in Japan which has not been studied in the least up to now although there have been the studies on those of Koreans, Chinese, Brazilians and Peruvians coming to or living in Japan. The writer intends to describe the way and process by which Cameroonians organize their comrades with the same nationality and settle their voluntary associations in Japan. Through these descriptions and analysis based on them, the writer intends to point out that Cameroonians living in Japan have already succeeded in establishing their co-operative association trying to involve Cameroonian newcomers and keeping on it although its coverage is limited to the level more than stable middle class except unstable lower class coming newly to Japan with authorization by immigration office expired.departmental bulletin pape

Deletion of RAGE Causes Hyperactivity and Increased Sensitivity to Auditory Stimuli in Mice

e8309The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is a multi-ligand receptor that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface receptors. In diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease, pathological progression is accelerated by activation of RAGE. However, how RAGE influences gross behavioral activity patterns in basal condition has not been addressed to date. In search for a functional role of RAGE in normal mice, a series of standard behavioral tests were performed on adult RAGE knockout (KO) mice. We observed a solid increase of home cage activity in RAGE KO. In addition, auditory startle response assessment resulted in a higher sensitivity to auditory signal and increased prepulse inhibition in KO mice. There were no significant differences between KO and wild types in behavioral tests for spatial memory and anxiety, as tested by Morris water maze, classical fear conditioning, and elevated plus maze. Our results raise a possibility that systemic therapeutic treatments to occlude RAGE activation may have adverse effects on general activity levels or sensitivity to auditory stimuli.textapplication/pdfjournal articl

Reprint and research of "Genji edokoro kotobagaki" in the possession of Faculty of Culture and Information Science, Doshisha University; from Kiritsubonomaki to Nowakinomaki

『源氏絵師屏風言葉書』は、江戸時代中期写とされる巻子本である。『源氏物語』五十四帖の本文を、一帖につき一箇所ずつ抜き書きしたもので、これに対応する源氏絵を屏風に描く目的で作成されたものと推察される。本文は、北村季吟『湖月抄』とほぼ一致する。すなわち、青表紙本系統の肖柏本に近い本文をもつ帖が目立ち、河内本系統の本文の影響はまずなく、別本の本文を有する箇所が少数ながら見られる。また、本書が示す源氏絵の図柄を推定すると、『源氏物語』承応三年版本の挿絵におおよそ包含される。Genji Edokoro Kotobagaki is book in scroll style and It was copied in the middle of Edo era. This book was made to draw a picture of The Tale of Genji on the screen. It is some extracts of the sentence of "The Tale of Genji". We reprinted the book and we researched the text. As a result, we understood that the text of "The Tale of Genji" almost accorded with Kigin Kitamura "Kogetsusho". In addition, the pattern of the Genji picture which the text of this book shows is almost included in a cut of "The Tale of Genji" published for Shoo era three years.資料紹介application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

Facsimile, reprint and research of "Hyakunin isshu karuta" (card with a cut) four kinds(1) in the possession of Faculty of Culture and Information Science, Doshisha University

本稿は、同志社大学文化情報学部が所蔵する江戸時代に制作された『百人一首かるた』のうち、歌意絵入りかるた四種について、札の影印を掲載するとともに、翻字と、古注釈を参看した歌意絵の図柄に関する比較考察を行うものである。今回は、『百人一首』一番から六番までの札を取り上げる。資料紹介application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

Studies of CP Violation in B→J/ψK* Decays

journal articl

日本列島における積雪成分の地域変化

application/pdfIon chromatographic analysis is on snow components has been carried out, to Prove the regional variation of snow components, Which was found at the previous field study in Tohoku district in 1983. In this paper, three field surveys were reported 99 samples along the lines from side of the Sea of Japan to side of the Pacific Ocean were analyzed and compared with the contained ions such as Na＋, K＋, Mg＋＋, Ca＋＋, Cl- and SO4--. As a result of this, it was confirmed that the amounts of ions in the snow were exponentially decreased. to less than l/10 according to the distance from the sea coast and at the same time the ratios of Na/Ca. Cl/SO4, which was above 10 : 1, were also decreased to 1 : 1. Difference between Mg and Ca was also noticeable, that is, the concentrations of two ions were occasionally reversed. The fact may be explained as follows : the ion ratios in snow similar to sea salt at first were gradually changing, through losing the water soluble components as NaCland Mg salt and remaining the water insoluble components as CASO4. In conclusion, three or four types of snow with regard to ion component were proposed and there by the influence of sea salt to the regional variation of snow was confirmed.departmental bulletin pape

Tesmin, Metallothionein-Like 5, is Required for Spermatogenesis in Mice

In mammals, more than 2000 genes are specifically or abundantly expressed in testis, but gene knockout studies revealed several are not individually essential for male fertility. Tesmin (Metallothionein-like 5; Mtl5) was originally reported as a testis-specific transcript that encodes a member of the cysteine-rich motif containing metallothionein family. Later studies showed that Tesmin has two splicing variants and both are specifically expressed in male and female germ cells. Herein, we clarified that the long (Tesmin-L) and short (Tesmin-S) transcript forms start expressing from spermatogonia and the spermatocyte stage, respectively, in testis. Furthermore, while Tesmin-deficient female mice are fertile, male mice are infertile due to arrested spermatogenesis at the pachytene stage. We were able to rescue the infertility with a Tesmin-L transgene, where we concluded that TESMIN-L is critical for meiotic completion in spermatogenesis and indispensable for male fertility.journal articl

Identification of a sequence module for selective NLRC5 recruitment.

<p>(A) Alignment of sequence motifs situated within NLRC5-occupied peaks found in promoter regions of the indicated genes. S-X and X-Y distance constraints used for identifying S and Y boxes were chosen such that these motifs should be situated within 60 bp windows upstream or downstream of the center of the X box. Distances (bp) between motifs are indicated. The sequence logo for the consensus NLRC5-module is shown below the alignment and is compared with that previously defined for human CIITA. (B) NLRC5-binding peaks (blue boxes) were oriented according to the direction of their SXY modules (red boxes). The 0 position on the x-axis corresponds to the start of the X box. Peaks and modules are paired by their heights on the y-axis. Black arrows represent TSS positions annotated in ENSEMBL. For two genes (<i>H2-D</i> and <i>Psmb9</i>) the predicted TSSs from Refseq (red arrows) are shown because the TSSs annotated in ENSEMBL would be situated upstream of the SXY module (see <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005088#pgen.1005088.s008" target="_blank">S2 Table</a>).</p

LT expression is induced by Ag-specific activation of CD4⁺ thymocytes.

<p>(A) RANKL, CD40L, LTα and LTβ mRNAs were quantified in DP and CD4⁺ thymocytes from <i>OTII:Rag2</i>^−/− and <i>Rip-mOVA:OTII:Rag2</i>^−/− mice: means and SEM are from 3 experiments, each with 2 mice per group. (B) LTα mRNA and cell surface LT were assessed for unstimulated and anti-CD3/CD28-activated CD4⁺ thymocytes from <i>OTII:Rag2</i>^−/− or <i>Marilyn:Rag2</i>^−/− mice: data representative of 3 experiments. (C) LTα mRNA was quantified in CD4⁺ thymocytes from <i>OTII:Rag2</i>^−/− mice co-cultured with unloaded (none) or OVAp-loaded mTECs: data representative of 2 experiments. (D) LTα mRNA was quantified in CD4⁺ thymocytes from <i>OTII:Rag2</i>^−/− mice isolated 1.5 days after injection of PBS or OVAp: data representative of 3 experiments. (E) β-casein, CRP and RANK mRNAs were quantified in mTECs from WT, LTα^−/− mice and <i>OTII:Rag2</i>^−/− mice 5 days after injection of PBS or OVAp. (F) LTα mRNA was quantified in DP and CD4⁺ thymocytes from CD80/86^−/− mice: means and SEM are derived from 2 experiments, each with 2 mice per group. (G) Graphs show distributions of medullary areas (mm²) in WT, CD80/86^−/− and CD28^−/− thymi (left), and thymi from DT-treated WT and Foxp3-DTR mice (right): significance relative to WT. (H) Positive selection induces CD40L and RANKL expression in thymocytes. After migrating into the medulla, CD4⁺ thymocytes scan the surface of mTECs for the presence of auto-Ag–MHCII complexes. Ag-specific and CD28-CD80/86 dependent interactions between CD4⁺ thymocytes and mTECs induce the expression of LT in CD4⁺ thymocytes and RANK in mTECs, thereby completing the signaling axes required for promoting mTEC expansion and maturation.</p

Medulla formation is controlled by autoreactive CD4⁺ thymocytes.

<p>(A) Thymic sections from <i>Rag2</i>^−/− mice and <i>Marilyn:Rag2</i>^−/− females or males were stained with antibodies against K8 and K14: m, medulla. The graph shows quantifications of medullary areas: symbols represent individual confocal images; lines represent medians; data from 3 experiments, each with 2–3 mice per group. (B) The graph shows numbers per thymus of CD45⁻EpCAM⁺Ly51^−/lo mTECs and CD45⁻EpCAM⁺Ly51⁺ cTECs in <i>Marilyn:Rag2</i>^−/− females and males: means and SD from 3 experiments. (C) Representative FACS profiles are shown for Ly51 expression by CD45⁻EpCAM⁺ TECs from WT→WT and mixed H-Y+WT→WT (1∶1 ratio) chimeras. Graphs show percentages of CD45⁻EpCAM⁺Ly51^−/lo mTECs and numbers per thymus of CD45⁻EpCAM⁺Ly51^−/lo mTECs and CD45⁻EpCAM⁺Ly51⁺ cTECs for chimeras prepared with the indicated H-Y∶WT BM ratio: means and SD derived from 3 measurements; significance relative to WT→WT chimeras (0∶1 ratio). (D) Representative FACS profiles are shown for Ki67 expression by CD45⁻EpCAM⁺Ly51^−/lo mTECs from WT→WT and mixed H-Y+WT→WT (1∶1 ratio) chimeras. Graphs show percentages and numbers per thymus of Ki67⁺ mTECs for chimeras prepared with the indicated H-Y∶WT BM ratio: means and SD from 3 measurements; significance relative to WT→WT chimeras (0∶1 ratio).</p