Ion irradiation in liquid of μm3 region for cell surgery

We present here a cell surgery scheme involving selective inactivation or disruption of cellular structures. Energetic ions are injected into a cell through a tapered glass capillary like a microinjection method. A slight but essential difference from microinjection is that a thin window is prepared at the outlet so that no liquid material can flow in or back through the outlet while still allowing energetic ions to penetrate into the cell. An ∼ MeV He ion beam from such a capillary having 10 μm outlet diameter inactivated a selected volume ( ∼ μm3) of fluorescent molecules located in a HeLa cell nucleus

DNA Renaturation at the Water-Phenol Interface

We study DNA adsorption and renaturation in a water-phenol two-phase system, with or without shaking. In very dilute solutions, single-stranded DNA is adsorbed at the interface in a salt-dependent manner. At high salt concentrations the adsorption is irreversible. The adsorption of the single-stranded DNA is specific to phenol and relies on stacking and hydrogen bonding. We establish the interfacial nature of a DNA renaturation at a high salt concentration. In the absence of shaking, this reaction involves an efficient surface diffusion of the single-stranded DNA chains. In the presence of a vigorous shaking, the bimolecular rate of the reaction exceeds the Smoluchowski limit for a three-dimensional diffusion-controlled reaction. DNA renaturation in these conditions is known as the Phenol Emulsion Reassociation Technique or PERT. Our results establish the interfacial nature of PERT. A comparison of this interfacial reaction with other approaches shows that PERT is the most efficient technique and reveals similarities between PERT and the renaturation performed by single-stranded nucleic acid binding proteins. Our results lead to a better understanding of the partitioning of nucleic acids in two-phase systems, and should help design improved extraction procedures for damaged nucleic acids. We present arguments in favor of a role of phenol and water-phenol interface in prebiotic chemistry. The most efficient renaturation reactions (in the presence of condensing agents or with PERT) occur in heterogeneous systems. This reveals the limitations of homogeneous approaches to the biochemistry of nucleic acids. We propose a heterogeneous approach to overcome the limitations of the homogeneous viewpoint

The Cultural Positioning and Repositioning of Shakespeare's Sonnets: Criticism Directing Readership

40017272036departmental bulletin pape

On Stability and Boundedness of Solutions of a System of Some Functional Differential Equations

19KJ00003571919論文Articledepartmental bulletin pape

Microencapsulates and extracts from red beetroot pomace modify antioxidant capacity, heat damage and colour of pseudocerals-enriched einkorn water biscuits

Cereals supply humankind with carbohydrates, proteins and several health-enhancing compounds, including antioxidants. Pomace, a by-product of beetroot juice preparation, is rich in antioxidants (phenolic compounds and betalains). The aim of this work was to study the effect of pomace extract addition, either pure or microencapsulated, on antioxidant properties, heat damage and colour of einkorn water biscuits enriched with pseudocereals. Pomace extract addition had different effects on total polyphenol contents and antioxidant capacity (FRAP and ABTS) in diverse blends. In bread, wheat and einkorn matrices, a significant increase was observed, while in pseudocereals-enriched blends, richer in antioxidants, only microencapsulation improved their content. Pomace extract addition led to furosine reduction and hydroxymethylfurfural increase. Microencapsulate-enriched WB were richest in betanin, isobetanin, total phenolics and antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, pomace extracts, by-products of juice manufacturing, significantly improve some nutritional characteristics of baked products, especially when conveyed as microencapsulates

中学校における校内合唱コンクールに向けた短期指導の要点

text県下の中学校において、秋の文化祭の一環として校内合唱コンクールが行われる事例は少なくない。しかし、コンクールに向けた練習日数には限りがあり、各クラスの合唱の完成度を高めるための余裕がないのが現状である。客観的立場である外部の人間からの短期指導には即効性がある反面、継続性がないために効果のうすれも早いという難点も伴っているが、学校としては、年間計画に照らすに、長期的な練習に時間を割けず、短期指導を選択せざるをえない事情がある。迅速な対応が求められた結果、短期指導においては、歌い出しや歌い納めにおける技術的なことや、歌詞の内容理解に立って自分たちは何者としてそれを伝えるのかというパフォーマーとしての自覚を促す精神的なことなど、概して二つの面において要点を整理できるが、なによりこれらについてクラスのみんなで「考える」ことが、クラス内の絆を深める意味でも重要である。一時的な間に合わせの指導では生徒たちに定着しないという課題を残しながらも、生徒たちが自分たちのパフォーマンスが改善していることを肌で感じる体験を重ねられることは短期指導の最大のメリットであり、現状として、当面は短期指導が学校の諸事情に合わせたものとしてベストな指導法と言わざるをえないことが分かった。departmental bulletin pape

Military Posts in Alaska

52-1Military AffairsMilitary Posts in Alaska. [2912] Few Indians in the Yukon River valley; post there would be useless.1892-6

英語学習能力を高める条件

departmental bulletin pape

戦前における疎開と大河津分水の思い出

departmental bulletin pape

中四国・九州地方における「土地抵当貸付」の態様と性格（続） : 大蔵省勧業農工銀行係『土地抵当貸付調』よりみた

departmental bulletin pape