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ポリウレタン樹脂を用いたCMPパッドの初期評価

textapplication/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

Stability analysis of amplitude death in delay-coupled high-dimensional map networks and their design procedure

application/pdfPhysica D: Nonlinear Phenomena. 2017, 338, P.26-33journal articl

Observation of B̅0→DsJ*(2317)+K- Decay

journal articl

Solar neutrino measurements in Super-Kamiokande-II

The results of the second phase of the Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino measurement are presented and compared to the first phase. The solar neutrino flux spectrum and time variation as well as oscillation results are statistically consistent with the first phase and do not show spectral distortion. The timedependent flux measurement of the combined first and second phases coincides with the full period of solar cycle 23 and shows no correlation with solar activity. The measured 8B total flux is (2:38± 0.05(stat.)/begin+0.16 // -0.15/end (sys.)) × 10^6 cm^{-2} s^{-1} and the day-night difference is found to be (-6.3 ±4.2(stat.)±3.7(sys.))%.There is no evidence of systematic tendencies between the first and second phases.journal articl

戦後釜石製鉄所における熟練の再編 : 保全職場の事例(<特集>地方産業都市の興隆と安定 : 希望学・釜石調査からの考察)

本稿では, 1950年代から80年代にかけて釜石製鉄所に勤務した一保全工のオーラル・ヒストリーと賃金記録を素材としながら, 暗黙知から形式知へという熟練の再編をともないつつ進展した釜石製鉄所保全職場における企業特殊熟練の形成過程と, それをうながしたインセンティブのあり方を検討した. その結果, 高度経済成長末期の釜石製鉄所保全職場において, 秘伝的熟練にもとづく事後保全から, 改良保全と年間修理計画表の作成・運用を軸とした生産保全へという, 保全体制の大きな転換が生じていたことがわかった. そしてその変化の担い手は, スタッフ技術員(職員層)ではなく, 職長クラスの現業員であった. 経営側は作業現場(地区整備部門)に大きな権限をあたえ, かつ現業員に対して昇進制度と年功賃金による長期的なインセンティブと, 成果主義的な色彩を帯びた賞与による短期的なインセンティブを付与することで, 企業特殊熟練の形成をうながしていったのである.The purpose of this article is to present the process of the reorganization of skills from apprenticeships to firm-specific skills in Kamaishi Steel Works, the oldest steel works in Japan, by focusing on the Maintenance Section of the iron workshop. Through this work, I intend to add some insights into the background and implications of the formation of firm-specific skills in post-war Japan. The data used for this research are an oral history and the wage record of a maintenance worker who worked at Kamaishi Steel Works form 1950s to 1980s. He was one of the leaders of the correct maintenance movement and created productive maintenance system in the steel works. The management gave greater authority to the shop floor (Local Maintenance Division), and granted long-term incentives represented by the career promotion systems and the seniority-based salary systems, and short-term incentives through the bonus systems which had a characteristic of meritocracy. By so doing, the management encouraged and promoted the formation of firm-specific skills.departmental bulletin pape

HCpro and several host proteins involved in cellular RNA metabolic processes associate with PGs.

HCproRFP was used to induce PGs (A-D). Host proteins fused to fluorescing proteins were co-expressed with HCproRFP as indicated using agroinfiltration of N. benthamiana leaves (using OD600 0.1 for each construct), and their localization was examined by confocal microscopy three days later. HCproRFP co-expressed with P0YFP (A), UBP1YFP (B), DCP1CFP (C) and AGO1CFP (D). The images are Z-stack projections to clearly show the absence or presence of PGs in the cell and signal overlaps were verified from single layer images. Scale bar; 10 μm. (E) The frequency of cells/mm2 showing granule structures labeled by P0YFP, UBP1YFP and AGO1CFP was compared when these host proteins were co-expressed with either HCproRFP or RFP alone (see also S3 Fig). Since DCP1 granules (PBs) are constantly present in all cells regardless of HCpro, these data are not given for DCP1-granules. (F) The frequency of cells/mm2 showing HCpro granules when granule components UBP1, P0, AGO1 and DCP1 were co-expressed using high Agrobacterium concentrations (OD600 0.5). GFP was expressed as control. (p < 0.01 **, p < 0.05 *)</p

Formation of <i>Potato Virus A</i>-Induced RNA Granules and Viral Translation Are Interrelated Processes Required for Optimal Virus Accumulation

<div><p>RNA granules are cellular structures, which play an important role in mRNA translation, storage, and degradation. Animal (+)RNA viruses often co-opt RNA granule proteins for viral reproduction. However, the role of RNA granules in plant viral infections is poorly understood. Here we use <i>Potato virus A</i> (PVA) as a model potyvirus and demonstrate that the helper component-proteinase (HCpro), the potyviral suppressor of RNA silencing, induces the formation of RNA granules. We used confocal microscopy to demonstrate the presence of host RNA binding proteins including acidic ribosomal protein P0, argonaute 1 (AGO1), oligouridylate-binding protein 1 (UBP1), varicose (VCS) and eukaryotic initiation factor iso4E (eIF(iso)4E) in these potyvirus-induced RNA granules. We show that the number of potyviral RNA granules is down-regulated by the genome-linked viral protein (VPg). We demonstrated previously that VPg is a virus-specific translational regulator that co-operates with potyviral RNA granule components P0 and eIF(iso)4E in PVA translation. In this study we show that HCpro and varicose, components of potyviral RNA granules, stimulate VPg-promoted translation of the PVA, whereas UBP1 inhibits this process. Hence, we propose that PVA translation operates via a pathway that is interrelated with potyviral RNA granules in PVA infection. The importance of these granules is evident from the strong reduction in viral RNA and coat protein amounts that follows knock down of potyviral RNA granule components. HCpro suppresses antiviral RNA silencing during infection, and our results allow us to propose that this is also the functional context of the potyviral RNA granules we describe in this study.</p></div

PGs are RNA granules to which also PVA RNA can localize.

(A) Fractions containing PGs labeled with P0YFP were isolated from PVACPmut infected leaf lysates (+ sample), as described in materials and methods. Lysates from non-infected leaves expressing P0YFP were fractionated similarly (- sample). Three parallel fractions of each sample type were used for fluorescence quantification and relative fluorescence units are given as a mean ± standard deviation. (B) Fractions quantified in (A) were imaged using epifluorescence microscopy to show successful capture of PVA-induced PGs. Scale bar; 500 μm. (C) PG fractions were isolated from mock-infiltrated leaves (-) and PVACPmut RNA-expressing leaves (+) at 3 DAI and subjected to a western blot detection of endogenous HCpro, P0 and AGO1. The asterisks denote the expected position of the corresponding protein. (D) Similar samples enriched for PGs as in (A and B), were incubated with or without RNAse A and imaged using epifluorescence microscopy. Scale bar; 20 μm. (E) RNAse A-mediated release of fluorescence from isolated PGs (D) was quantified by analyzing fluorescence in total, soluble and low-speed pellet fractions after RNAse A treatment compared to control samples (n = 3). (F) PG fractions were prepared from leaves expressing PVA together with either P0YFP (control) or Strep-III-tagged P0 (P0SIII), and subjected to Strep-tag based affinity purification. RNA was isolated from the affinity-purified samples and subjected to reverse transcription (RT+), followed by PCR detection of viral RNA. Total RNA from PVA infected leaves was used as a positive control for RT-PCR. The RT-minus control (RT-) was negative. (G) Bacteriophage λ B-box RNA elements were fused to the 3´ UTR within PVA∆GDD icDNA (PVAB-box; S1 Fig). Binding of λN22RFP to the B-box RNA element enabled visualization of PVAB-box RNA in vivo. PGs were induced either by PVA∆GDD (control) or PVAB-box and visualized by P0YFP (green channel), and λN22RFP was co-expressed to label B-box RNA. The RFP signal was mainly found in nuclei due to the nuclear localization signal present in λN22RFP, but also in the cytoplasm and PGs in the presence of PVAB-box (magenta channel). The images are projections of Z-stacks with a single layer inset from the area indicated with an arrow. Scale bar; 10 μm.</p

<em>Sesbania Mosaic Virus</em> (SeMV) Infectious Clone: Possible Mechanism of 3′ and 5′ End Repair and Role of Polyprotein Processing in Viral Replication

<div><p><em>Sesbania mosaic virus</em> (SeMV) is a positive stranded RNA virus belonging to the genus <em>Sobemovirus</em>. Construction of an infectious clone is an essential step for deciphering the virus gene functions <em>in vivo</em>. Using <em>Agrobacterium</em> based transient expression system we show that SeMV icDNA is infectious on <em>Sesbania grandiflora</em> and <em>Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</em> plants. The efficiency of icDNA infection was found to be significantly high on <em>Cyamopsis</em> plants when compared to that on <em>Sesbania grandiflora</em>. The coat protein could be detected within 6 days post infiltration in the infiltrated leaves. Different species of viral RNA (double stranded and single stranded genomic and subgenomic RNA) could be detected upon northern analysis, suggesting that complete replication had taken place. Based on the analysis of the sequences at the genomic termini of progeny RNA from SeMV icDNA infiltrated leaves and those of its 3′ and 5′ terminal deletion mutants, we propose a possible mechanism for 3′ and 5′ end repair <em>in vivo</em>. Mutation of the cleavage sites in the polyproteins encoded by ORF 2 resulted in complete loss of infection by the icDNA, suggesting the importance of correct polyprotein processing at all the four cleavage sites for viral replication. Complementation analysis suggested that ORF 2 gene products can act in <em>trans</em>. However, the <em>trans</em> acting ability of ORF 2 gene products was abolished upon deletion of the N-terminal hydrophobic domain of polyprotein 2a and 2ab, suggesting that these products necessarily function at the replication site, where they are anchored to membranes.</p> </div