エポキシ系樹脂を用いたCMP用パッドの試作とその加工特性2

textapplication/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

Analysis of Damping Effect of Particle Damper by Discrete Element Method (Influence of Damper Container Shape on Vibrating Reduction Effect)

Particle damping is a technic providing damping with granular materials within containers in a vibrating machine. The particle damper has been used successfully in many fields for vibration reduction. Particle-to-wall and particle-toparticle collisions occur under the vibration of the machine. By installing the particle damper to the machine, momentum between particles and machine is exchanged, and kinetic energy of the vibratory system is dissipated due to the friction generated among the particles and elastic deformation of particles. It is difficult to predict the damping characteristics due to complex motions of the particles in the damper container. We utilized the discrete element method (DEM) to calculate the motion of particles in the container of the particle damper. In the simulation, motion of particles, the force acting on main vibrating body, the energy dissipation, and the center of gravity of particles in damper container are calculated. In this paper, influence of damper container shape on vibration reducing effect was verified by experimental results and analytical results. The slope was installed in bottom of the damper container. Parameters for experimental and analysis were mass of particles, diameter of particles, and angle of slope installed in bottom of the damper container. According to experimentals and analysis results, damping effect was improved by changing of damper container shape.departmental bulletin pape

Observation of B̅0→DsJ*(2317)+K- Decay

journal articl

Solar neutrino measurements in Super-Kamiokande-II

The results of the second phase of the Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino measurement are presented and compared to the first phase. The solar neutrino flux spectrum and time variation as well as oscillation results are statistically consistent with the first phase and do not show spectral distortion. The timedependent flux measurement of the combined first and second phases coincides with the full period of solar cycle 23 and shows no correlation with solar activity. The measured 8B total flux is (2:38± 0.05(stat.)/begin+0.16 // -0.15/end (sys.)) × 10^6 cm^{-2} s^{-1} and the day-night difference is found to be (-6.3 ±4.2(stat.)±3.7(sys.))%.There is no evidence of systematic tendencies between the first and second phases.journal articl

Intracellular Viral Yields from Poliovirus Infections Performed in the Presence of Pharmacological Inducers and Inhibitors of Autophagy

<div><p>(A) H1 HeLa cells were treated with 10 μM tamoxifen in DMSO/EtOH or in DMSO/EtOH alone for 48 h at 37 °C. Cell numbers were determined, and triplicate plates were infected with poliovirus at an MOI of 0.1 PFU/cell for the times indicated. (B) H1 HeLa cells were treated with 50 nM rapamycin in DMSO/EtOH or DMSO/EtOH alone for 3 h before infection with poliovirus as in (A).</p> <p>(C) H1 HeLa cells were treated with 10 mM 3-methyladenine in DMSO/EtOH or DMSO/EtOH alone for 3 h before infection with poliovirus as in (A). Viral yields were determined by plaque assay in H1-HeLa cells and expressed as PFU/cell.</p></div

MDC Staining of MCF7 Cells upon Tamoxifen Treatment, Rhinovirus 14 Infection, or Poliovirus Infection

<div><p>(A) Cells that were treated with 10 μM tamoxifen in DMSO/EtOH or with DMSO/EtOH alone for 48 h at 37 °C, or that were mock-infected or infected with human rhinovirus 14 as in <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030156#pbio-0030156-g003" target="_blank">Figure 3</a>, were incubated with 100 μM MDC, fixed, and visualized by deconvolution microscopy in the UV channel as described in <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030156#s4" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>.</p> <p>(B) Cells were infected with poliovirus at an MOI of 50 PFU/cell for 0, 1.5, 3, or 4.5 h at 37 °C; for each time point, MDC incubation was begun 1 h prior to fixation and visualization.</p></div

Intracellular and Extracellular Viral Yields from Poliovirus Infections of Cells Treated with Small RNA Duplexes to Reduce the Intracellular Concentrations of LC3 and Atg12p Proteins

<div><p>(A) H1 HeLa cells (1 × 10⁶) were transfected with 12.5 pm each of eight different RNA duplexes targeted to the <i>LC3A</i> and <i>LC3B</i> mRNAs, or with 100 pm of an RNA duplex targeted to firefly luciferase for 24 h at 37 °C (see <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030156#s4" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>). Cell numbers were determined and triplicate plates were infected with poliovirus at an MOI of 0.1 PFU/cell for the times indicated. Viral yields were determined by plaque assay in H1-HeLa cells and expressed as PFU/cell for the intracellular virus, and as total PFU/plate for the extracellular virus. The relative abundance of LC3 protein in the cells incubated with the control and LC3-targeted RNAi molecules was determined by immunoblot using polyclonal antibodies directed against LC3 and GAPDH.</p> <p>(B) H1 HeLa cells were transfected with 25 pm each of four RNA duplexes targeted to <i>ATG12</i> mRNA, or with 100 pm of an RNA duplex targeted to firefly luciferase, for 24 h at 37 °C (see <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030156#s4" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>). Poliovirus infections were performed as in (A). The relative abundance of Atg12p protein was determined by immunoblot using antibodies against human Atg12p and GAPDH.</p></div

Simultaneous Visualization of GFP-LC3 and Resident Lysosomal Protein LAMP1 (Red) in Cells that Express Poliovirus 2BC and 3A Proteins

<p>293T cells were transfected with vectors expressing 2BC, 3A, or both and a GFP-LC3 expressing vector for 48 h at 37 °C. Nonexpressing vector DNA was used to ensure that all transfections contained the same amount of DNA.</p

Simultaneous Visualization of GFP-LC3 Localization and MDC Staining (Red) in Uninfected and Poliovirus-Infected Cells

<p>Forty-eight hours posttransfection of MCF-7 cells with a plasmid that expresses a GFP-LC3 fusion protein, cells were mock-infected or infected with poliovirus at an MOI of 50 PFU/cell for 5 h at 37 °C. After fixation, deconvolution microscopy was used to visualize fluorescence from both the MDC and GFP fluorescent molecules. MDC incubation was begun 1 h prior to fixation and visualization.</p

Pathway of Autophagosome Formation, Autophagic Degradation, and Proposed Steps of Pathway Subversion by Poliovirus and Related Viruses

<p>Double-membraned autophagosomes form either from ER membrane or de novo, encapsulating cytosol; the action of many gene products, including Atg5p and Atg12p, are required. LC3 protein (the Atg8p homolog) is associated with “sequestration crescents” as well as fully formed double-membraned autophagosomes. LAMP1 acquisition is a hallmark of the maturation of these structures, which eventually fuse with lysosomes to produce mature autophagosomes with single membranes and electron-dense contents. We hypothesize that infection by poliovirus or rhinovirus induces accumulation of autophagosomes to promote viral RNA replication by accelerating the formation of autophagosome-like structures from ER membranes, blocking the maturation of these structures into degradative organelles, or both (upper dotted line). The double-membraned topology makes the extracellular release of virions trapped in the cytosolic lumen topologically plausible, providing a mechanism for viral release in the absence of cell lysis. This could occur either from a double-membraned structure or from one in which only one of the membranes remained (dotted arrows).</p