Anomalous Coulomb diamonds and power-law behavior sensitive to back-gate voltages in carbon nanoscale peapod quantum dots

We report anomalous charging effect of single electrons (Coulomb diamonds) observed in carbon nanoscale peapod quantum dots that encapsulate a series of C60 molecules. We find that behaviors of diamonds are anomalously sensitive to back-gate voltages (V_bg), exhibiting two evidently different V_bg regions and a large polarity on V_bg. In particular, we find only a sequence of one large diamond followed by three smaller ones existing around ground state. Magnetic-field dependence indicates the presence of shell filling by spin singlet to doubly degenerate electronic levels for these. The encapsulated-C60 molecules indirectly affect this shell filling at low V_bg possibly via nearly free electrons. In contrast, they act as individual quantum dots coupled in series in high V_bg region. It directly contributes to highly overlapped very large diamonds. Moreover, we report power-law behaviors on conductance versus energy relationships observed in the same carbon nanoscale peapods. We find that the values of powers are also highly sensitive to applied V_bg with three different regions and anomalously high at high source-drain voltages. Because the power laws are found at voltages, which are the nearest outside of the above-mentioned fourfold Coulomb diamonds, correlation of the anomalous powers with orbital-related Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid is discussed.journal articl

Conditions for Stable Operation of Three-Stage OPAMP with NMC Technique and RNMC Technique

Nested miller compensation technique and reversed nested miller compensation technique are widely used for three-stage operational amplifiers. Both techniques employ two compensation capacitors, exploit the Miller effect to split the low frequency poles, and achieve the desired phase margin and transient response. In this paper, the conditions of transconductance to remove the right-half-plane pole in the nested miller compensation technique and the reversed nested miller compensation technique are clarified. reover, the relationships between a resonance phenomenon and load capacitance and also the conditions for preventing the resonance phenomenon in the nested miller compensation technique and the reversed nested miller compensation technique are derived. These conditions are confirmed by Mathematica and HSPICE. It was clear that the resonance phenomenon can be eliminated by using the reversed nested miller compensation technique.departmental bulletin pape

光機能性有機薄膜の作製と特性評価に関する研究

Since the first observation of an efficient energy transfer between polysilanes, we have been studying the energy transfer process from polysilanes to their energy-matched counterparts. The resonant energy transfer to dye molecules was utilized for realizing blue(B), green(G) and red(R) electroluminescence (EL) from polysilane-based thin films. A combination of polymethylphenylsilane (energy-donor), tetraphenylbutadiene (B-emitter) and Eu(TTA)3-Phen (R-emitter) was tried this time to improve chromatic controllability. The combination enhanced the B-emission intensity without affecting that of the R-emission, suitable for wider colour-tuning region simply by intermixing dye molecules in the wet process. Tailoring emission and/or absorption energy, including the technique of molecular orientation, leads us to light-weight, flexible and intelligent devices for optical applications.textapplication/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

Study of Time-Dependent CP Violation in B0→J/ψπ0 Decays

journal articl

Rational Design of Heterodimeric Protein using Domain Swapping for Myoglobin

Protein design is a useful method to create novel artificial proteins. A rational approach to design a heterodimeric protein using domain swapping for horse myoglobin (Mb) was developed. As confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis, a heterodimeric Mb with two different active sites was produced efficiently from two surface mutants of Mb, in which the charges of two amino acids involved in the dimer salt bridges were reversed in each mutant individually, with the active site of one mutant modified. This study shows that the method of constructing heterodimeric Mb with domain swapping is useful for designing artificial multiheme proteins.journal articl

Observed Measles Outbreaks in the Netherlands, from 1 September 1976 to 31 August 2004

<div><p>(A) The fraction of individuals susceptible to measles on 1 September of each year.</p> <p>(B) Infection attack rate of measles during each epidemic year from 1 September to 31 August.</p> <p>(C) Relation between fraction of susceptible individuals and attack rate.</p> <p>Dark blue markers correspond to major outbreaks; light blue markers correspond to minor outbreaks. Solid gray lines indicate the maximum likelihood values for infection attack rate; broken gray lines indicate the likelihood support region. The dotted yellow line in (A) and (C) indicates the threshold value for susceptible individuals below which solid herd immunity is achieved.</p></div

The Epidemic Threshold Concept

<div><p>(A) Expected infection attack rates during measles outbreaks in an idealised homogeneously mixing population.</p> <p>(B) Expected infection attack rates during measles outbreaks in a population protected by solid herd immunity.</p> <p>(C) Expected infection attack rates during measles outbreaks in a heterogeneous population consisting of a small community embedded in a larger population. The expectations are calculated for a stochastic “susceptible–exposed–infectious–recovered” (SEIR) model, with measles basic reproduction number <i>R</i>₀ = 17 [<a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020316#pmed-0020316-b02" target="_blank">2</a>], and ten imported measles cases per year. The population structure is as reported for the Netherlands, where a small community of 300 000 persons with a variable fraction of susceptible individuals exists in a larger population of 15 million persons with a fraction of susceptible individuals of 0.043 [<a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020316#pmed-0020316-b21" target="_blank">21</a>].</p> <p>Dark blue markers correspond to major outbreaks; light blue markers correspond to minor outbreaks. The solid gray line indicates the approximation, near the threshold, of the infection attack rate: two infections occur per susceptible individual in excess of the threshold.</p></div