47 research outputs found
Experimental Study for Simulation of the Deterioration of Concrete Structures*
application/pdfThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the deterioration of reinforced concrete structures at the planning and design stages. This paper examines the basis for quantifying the durability of structures. In addition, reinforced concrete structure (kaleidoscopic change) deterioration predictions are analyzed. The steps are as follows : 1) Various concrete durability calculation formulae were selected by ourselves, from previously published file data. 2) Next we designed a series of formulae with the purpose of calculating the synthetic degree of deterioration. 3) Finally the synthetic degree of deterioration was calculated and understood.departmental bulletin pape
A trial study on regional development and regional entrepreneurship in Hokkaido
研究ノートNotedepartmental bulletin pape
T cell response to the cytomegalovirus major capsid protein (UL86) is dominated by helper cells with a large polyfunctional component and diverse epitope recognition
T cells are crucial in controlling cytomegalovirus(CMV) infection. The CMV major capsid protein (UL86) is frequently recognized by these cells, but the nature of this response has not been explored in detail. In this study, healthy CMV-exposed individuals were examined, and ex vivo peptide stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and flow-cytometry were used to obtain data, including response prevalence, magnitude, functional profiles, and recognized epitopes. Of 24 subjects, 19 (79%) had a UL86-specific CD4 T cell response rate between 0.03% and 1.4%. This group of individuals exhibited a similar percentage of polyfunctional T cells in their UL86-specific and pp65-specific responses. A total of 8 CD4 T cell epitopes were identified. In contrast, CD8 T cell responses to UL86 were rare and small. UL86 is of interest for monitoring the response to CMV
Extraction rate of nickel in aqueous ammonium sulfate solution with 5-dodecylsalicylaldoxime in kerosene
In order to clarify the adsorption equilibrium for the species of the extractant and the extraction complex, the interfacial tensions between the aqueous and the organic solutions were investigated, using equilibrated kerosene solution in the presence of 5-dodecylsalicylaldoxime (LIX® 860-IC) and aqueous solution in the presence and absence of nickel ion. The interfacial tensions decreased with increasing in the concentration of LIX® 860-IC. Experimental results of the interfacial tension were analyzed by Gibb’s adsorption isotherm. The adsorption equilibrium constant and the interfacial area for the extractant and the extraction complex were determined.
The extraction rate of nickel from the aqueous ammonium sulfate solution with LIX® 860-IC in kerosene was investigated using a Lewis-type transfer cell. The concentration effects of extractant, nickel, and hydrogen ion on the extraction rate were examined. The extraction rate increased with increasing in the oncentrations of nickel and the extractant, and approached to constant values depending on the extractant concentration at a high concentration of nickel. The rate increased with decreasing in the concentration of hydrogen ion, and approached to constant values depending on the extractant concentration. These results were analysed based on an interfacial reaction model in which the reaction proceeds between an extractant species adsorbed at the interface and nickel ion in the aqueous solution. The extraction rate is interpreted based on the rate equation in which the interfacial reaction between a 1:1 nickel chelate complex species adsorbed at the interface and the extractant in the organic solution is the rate-determining step. The reaction rate constants and equilibrium constants were determined
Tuberculin-Specific T Cells Are Reduced in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Compared to LTBI or Status Post BCG Vaccination
Functional characteristics of tuberculosis (TB)-specific CD4 T cells were studied in clinically active pulmonary TB (n = 21) and high TB exposure including LTBI (n = 17). Following tuberculin stimulation, activated CD4 T cells were identified by flow-cytometry (CD154 up-regulation, degranulation, interferon gamma [IFN-gamma], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha], and interleukin 2 [IL-2\ production). Interestingly, CD154 up-regulation accounted for similar to 80% of activated CD4 T cells in the active TB group but just 40% in the controls, whereas IFN-gamma accounted for only similar to 50% of activated cells in each group. The frequencies of CD4 T cells displaying at least 1 activation marker discriminated better between the groups than those displaying degranulation or IFN-gamma production alone
