<特別寄稿>教職大学院の理念とデザイン

departmental bulletin pape

知識情報作業空間の最適環境制御に関する研究

(1)床吹出を行ったときの温熱環境性能について、一般によく用いられている旋回流型吹出口の特性を軸流型と比較しつつ実験によって検討した。通常採られるような小風量で吹き出した場合には、たとえ旋回流型を用いても若干の温度成層の発生は避けられず、居住者の足熱環境上問題があろうとの見解が導かれた。(2)軸流床吹出口の性能について、吹出口の取付位置を変えた実験を追加し、温度分布,被験者生理心理反応の解析を行った。一連の実験結果から、温度成層やドラフト発生を回避するための軸流吹出口の設計法・運転制御法についてまとめた。(3)制御対象の特性が変化しても制御系としての性能を良好に維持できる適応制御を空調システムの制御系に導入したときの室内環境の制御性について検討した。パラメ-タをどのように設定すれば追随性がよくなるかなどの知見が得られた。(4)空調システムの制御パラメ-タの最適チュ-ニングのために、秒単位の時分割による動的空調システムシミュレ-ションの適用を考え、標準的な空調モデルを設定して感度解析を行った。エネルギ-消費量や環境変動に与える各種制御パラメ-タの影響が把握できた。(5)視環境に関して、被験者実験によりモデリングを評価する指標として従来より利用されてきたベクトル・スカラ-比の再検討を行った。同じベクトル・スカラ-比でも光の照射角度によって立体感,明るさ感,見やすさの評価が異なることがわかった。(6)前年度までに収集したデ-タに基づいて、非常用照明設備の故障率を統計的に求めた。建物規模,竣工年による差が明らかにされた。(7)インテリジェントビルに張リ巡らされた情報ネットワ-クを如何に統合化・標準化していけば、最適な管理を行うことができるかを考察した。また、エキスパ-トシステムを管理システムに組み込むに当たっての課題・問題点を実態調査によって分析し、有効な分野として温熱環境管理に注目して一手法の提案を行った。科学研究費補助金 研究種目:一般研究(A) 課題番号:62420042 研究代表者:中原 信生 研究期間:1987-1990年度research repor

Observation of the Decay B0→D±D*∓

journal articl

教育実習生の音楽科授業中の意思決定に関する研究 -PCKを視点として-

本研究の目的は、PCK の視点から筆者自身の音楽科授業中の教授行動や、それに至るまでの思考過程の特徴や課題を明らかにし、経験の浅い音楽教師の授業中の意思決定に関する課題解決を目指すことである。PCK（Pedagogical Content Knowledge）とは、学習内容と教授学を一体化させた教師に特有の力量のことであり、教授学的推論のプロセスを積み重ねることで培われる (Shulman 1987)。研究の対象は、筆者の教育実習における音楽科授業である。授業実践を録画した映像を見ながら、活発に思考をしていると意識していた場面及び、無意識な指導をしていることに気付いた場面で一時停止し、その場面での思考について語る「再生刺激法」の手法を取った。その発話データを文字化し、KJ 法で具体的な課題場面をいくつかのカテゴリ―に分類し、さらに教授学的推論のプロセスの観点に沿って整理した。その結果、PCK の視点で意思決定に関する課題を明確にし、意識して授業実践することは、課題解決に有効であることが明らかとなった。departmental bulletin pape

Transient Behavior of Ethanol Fermentation in Immobilized Cell Bioreactors*

application/pdfThe dynamic behavior of ethanol fermentation catalysed by an immobilized cell has been studied in batch and continuous stirred tank bioreactors, changing the operating conditions in a stepwise fashion. The rate of ethanol fermentation in the flow reactor reaches a new steady state within 60 min for the stepwise change in temperature or flow rate at 15?30℃ and the residence time t_R=40 hr. The rate of fermentation　obeys the Lineweaven-Burk plot and the Michaelis constant is calculateddepartmental bulletin pape

<教職大学院>学校課題解決研究報告書の概要

departmental bulletin pape

Data_Sheet_1_Effects of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation on Stimulant Craving in Users of Cocaine, Amphetamine, or Methamphetamine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.docx

Dopamine system plays a pivotal role in specific kinds of substance use disorders (SUD, i. e., cocaine and methamphetamine use disorders). Many studies addressed whether dopamine-involved craving could be alleviated by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques. Nevertheless, the outcomes were highly inconsistent and the stimulating parameters were highly variable. In the current study, we ran a meta-analysis to identify an overall effect size of NIBS and try to find stimulating parameters of special note. We primarily find 2,530 unduplicated studies in PubMed, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar database involving “Cocaine”/“Amphetamine”/“Methamphetamine” binded with “TMS”/“tDCS”/“non-invasive stimulation” in either field. After visual screening, 26 studies remained. While 16 studies were further excluded due to the lack of data, invalid craving scoring or the absence of sham condition. At last, 16 units of analysis in 12 eligible studies were coded and forwarded to a random-effect analysis. The results showed a large positive main effect of stimulation (Hedge's g = 1.116, CI = [0.597, 1.634]). Further subgroup analysis found that only high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) could elicit a significant decrease in craving, while the outcome of low-frequency stimulation was relatively controversial. Moreover, univariate meta regression revealed that the number of pulses per session could impose negative moderation toward the intervention. No significant moderation effect was found in types of abuse, overall days of stimulation and other variables of stimulating protocol. In conclusion, this meta-analysis offered a persuasive evidence for the feasibility of using NIBS to remit substance addictive behavior directly based on dopamine system. We also give clear methodological guidance that researchers are expected to use high-frequency, sufficiently segmented rTMS to improve the efficacy in future treatments.</p

Data_Sheet_2_Effects of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation on Stimulant Craving in Users of Cocaine, Amphetamine, or Methamphetamine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.xlsx

Dopamine system plays a pivotal role in specific kinds of substance use disorders (SUD, i. e., cocaine and methamphetamine use disorders). Many studies addressed whether dopamine-involved craving could be alleviated by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques. Nevertheless, the outcomes were highly inconsistent and the stimulating parameters were highly variable. In the current study, we ran a meta-analysis to identify an overall effect size of NIBS and try to find stimulating parameters of special note. We primarily find 2,530 unduplicated studies in PubMed, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar database involving “Cocaine”/“Amphetamine”/“Methamphetamine” binded with “TMS”/“tDCS”/“non-invasive stimulation” in either field. After visual screening, 26 studies remained. While 16 studies were further excluded due to the lack of data, invalid craving scoring or the absence of sham condition. At last, 16 units of analysis in 12 eligible studies were coded and forwarded to a random-effect analysis. The results showed a large positive main effect of stimulation (Hedge's g = 1.116, CI = [0.597, 1.634]). Further subgroup analysis found that only high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) could elicit a significant decrease in craving, while the outcome of low-frequency stimulation was relatively controversial. Moreover, univariate meta regression revealed that the number of pulses per session could impose negative moderation toward the intervention. No significant moderation effect was found in types of abuse, overall days of stimulation and other variables of stimulating protocol. In conclusion, this meta-analysis offered a persuasive evidence for the feasibility of using NIBS to remit substance addictive behavior directly based on dopamine system. We also give clear methodological guidance that researchers are expected to use high-frequency, sufficiently segmented rTMS to improve the efficacy in future treatments.</p

Source localization of LPC-1 component.

<p>(A) sLORETA results of the subtraction of LPC-1 traces between V-4 and V-C. (B) sLORETA results of the subtraction of LPC-1 traces between V-8 and V-C.</p

Statistical results of the three ERP components (* p<0.05; ** p<0.01; *** p<0.001).

<p>Statistical results of the three ERP components (* p<0.05; ** p<0.01; *** p<0.001).</p