新しい縦型放電励起方式を用いた高速紫外パルスレーザの研究

研究目的縦型放電励起の紫外パルスレ-ザは装置が小型になり、良質なビ-ムが得られるが、有効な予備電離方式がなく、従来十分研究されてこなかった。しかし我々は新しい予備電離方式及び放電管形状を考案し、実用的に魅力のある小型縦型放電励起の窒素及びエキシマレ-ザの発振に成功した。本研究の目的はこの縦型放電励起窒素及びXeClレ-ザの装置的・物性的研究を系統的に行い、実用化の基礎を確立することである。研究成果1.レ-ザ装置(励起回路系、レ-ザ管、ガス供給系等)を設計製作して、円形断面の自動予備電離縦型放電励起XeClエキシマレ-ザ及び窒素レ-ザの発振を得、レ-ザ出力特性を詳細に調べて、最適条件を決定した。2.レ-ザ出力を増加させることを目的として、矩形断面の縦型放電励起窒素レ-ザを考案し、円形断面型レ-ザより大きな出力が得られることを示した。3.サイラトロンを用いて縦型放電励起紫外パルスレ-ザの高繰り返し化を計り、100Hz以上の繰り返し周波数まで比較的安定なレ-ザ動作を得た。4.準安定原子密度を測定するためのCW色素リングレ-ザ吸収測定系を設計・製作し、縦型放電励起XeClレ-ザ放電中のHe準安定原子の計測を行って、現在までにその密度の時間依存性を得ている。5.レ-ザ出力特性、電圧電流特性等の測定結果と、シミュレ-ション解析とを組み合わせて、縦型放電励起窒素レ-ザ及びXeClレ-ザの動作解析を行った。6.上記の研究によって、予備電離方式縦型放電励起紫外パルスレ-ザの実用化の基礎が確立された。科学研究費補助金 研究種目:一般研究(A) 課題番号:63420036 研究代表者:後藤 俊夫 研究期間:1988-1990年度research repor

Observation of the Decay B0→D±D*∓

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Organometallic Chemistry Based on Reaction Types and Anecdote of Discoveries (12)

Organic compounds containing carbon-metal bonds are called organometallic compounds. Such compounds have been known and studied since the 19th century and have been widely used to effect synthetic transformation in modern organic chemistry. Many educational benefits may result from the use of reaction types and discovery episodes for undergraduate and graduate classes in organic and organometallic chemistry. Organometallic reactions were categorized into several types of metathesis reaction, depending on the combination of σ and π-bonds, such as σ-σ bond , σ-π bond, and π-π bond metathesis. Most early work in π-π bond metathesis reactions was conducted using ill-defined multicomponent catalyst systems. In 1971, Chauvin proposed the now widely accepted metal carbene mechanism, which was described in a previous article in this series. Subsequently, in the early 1990s, Schrock and Grubbs reported the well defined single component Mo- and Ru-carbene complex catalysts, respectively. In this article, discoveries and the development of these Mo- and Ru-carbene catalysts are outlined.教育論文departmental bulletin pape

ヘーゲル精神現象学の「我々」について -マルクス主義イデオロギーの実験 （III）-

application/pdfDie vorliegende Arbeit ist (1) die Einleitung einer Reihe von Arbeiten, die die Methode des ideologischen Kampfes oder der Auseinandersetzung untersuchen, und (2) bezweck vor allem die Auslegung der Methode der Debette, die in der "Phanomenologie des Geistes", namentlich in deren "Einleitung", dargestellt ist. (3) Erstens wird die Debatte entfacht aufgrund der Triade von Hegel, einer bestimmten Gestalt des Bewusstseins ("es") und den Lesern. (4) Die Debatte zwischen Hegel und dem "es", oder Hegel's Kritik an dem "es" hat in der Tat nichts anderes als die Verheilung der kranken, leodenden Seele der Leser zum Zweck. Denn "es" heisst die Krankheitsursache des Bewusstseins der Leser. (5) Im Gegensatz zu dem "es" bilden Hegel und die Leser das "Wir" im eigentumlichen Sinn Hegels und schliessen zugleich das "es" von dem "Wir" aus. (6) Hier sieht man, wie der Gewaltsamkeit als solche aus Debatte mit Worten entsteht. Sie besteht aus der Gewaltsamkeit des "Wir" gegenuber der des "es".departmental bulletin pape

ディジタル回路からはじめるハードウェア記述言語演習用教材の考案

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OP dynamics for up to 3 active populations.

For a network size of 5 populations (N = 5), all combinatorial possibilities for up to 3 active OP populations may be realized. Square waves in these and similar figures indicate the stimuli given to the population just above the given wave, and the vertical dashed lines in each plot allow for phase comparisons across different active populations. The first bar below each group of traces shows the interval of starting times in which the same stimulus (fixed amplitude and width) will produce the same result; the second bar shows the length of the period of the oscillation that is active before the stimulus is applied (note: the period may change after the stimulus is applied); the third bar in (B) is explained below. (A) The network starts at a nonzero, nonactive baseline firing rate. The first stimulus selectively activates the first population, while the other populations remain inactive with low firing rates. A second population is then activated; for these parameters and stimulus strength, almost any stimulus onset time will induce the OP state with 2 active populations, as the bars show. (B, C) Stimulating a third population with a short stimulus induces the OP state with 3 active populations. Either activation ordering may occur, depending on the phase the stimulus is presented; (B) and (C) show the two different orderings. The third, dashed, bar below the stimulus trace in (B) shows the interval of onset times that induce the OP state with three active populations; the first interval shows the onset times that produce (B) while the second interval shows the onset times that produce (C). (D, E) Larger and wider stimuli may deactivate either of the active populations, so that the network remains in the OP state but with different active populations (WTS scenario). (F) Maintaining the amplitude of the stimulus from the WTS case but increasing the stimulus width allows the third selected population to deactivate both active populations and become the only active population (WTA scenario).</p

The structure of the <i>C</i>₇₀ molecule.

<p>(a) The polytope has 105 edges and 12 pentagonal and 25 hexagonal faces. (b) viewed from a direction almost parallel to the plane of and . (c) The structure of viewed from a direction parallel to the plane of and . The column of numbers shows the -coordinate of the orbits of vertices of . The inserted decagon has the -coordinate equal to 0. Surface edges are omitted in (b) and (c).</p

Variable binding, and sentence construction examples.

Specific sequential inputs result in a cascade of bindings that emerge, following one another within a single clock cycle. (A) A fragment of the working memory system demonstrating how an inference emerges and is established in working memory. Here, the predicate calculus rule examined is purchases(x, y) ⇒ owns(x, y) (from an example in Feldman [12]). After a query is made (“Does Tom own The Awakening?”), a statement is provided, “Tom purchased The Awakening”. This statement first activates a second instantiation of Tom, and then the verb purchases(y), causing owns(y) and Tom to synchronize so that the inference is made. (B) An illustration of that same combinatorial structure is shown as it could apply towards a mechanistic realization of a phrase structure grammar. This could be based upon an already established or innate structure in the cortex. Upon reading the sentence, the words are sequentially input and the appropriate nodes are activated and bound in working memory, forming a determinate noun phrase (DNP) and a verb phrase (VP). For clarity, bindings between nodes and variables (i.e., words here) are not explicitly illustrated. (C) A final binding occurs, as the components of the DNP receive selective and equal simultaneous stimuli, binding all of the components together to form a sentence (S).</p

S dynamics and capacity.

(A) Simultaneous stimuli can cause the selected populations to exhibit S oscillations. (B) If two populations are pairwise OP, selectively stimulating one can alter its relationship so that the two populations subsequently oscillate pairwise S. (C) Sequential stimuli of the right timing may also cause the selected populations to dynamically bind and oscillate S. (D) Synchronous capacity as a function of τi and cei. For M = 1, …, N (here N = 5), the M-S solution is stable for all τi values between each respective pair of (same-colored) points. For example, the 5-S solution with cei = 0.03 is stable for 3.7 τi < 36.4. The synchronous solutions are not stable outside of these intervals and are lost to different solutions, as indicated in the text.</p

Stability as a function of coupling strengths for <i>N</i> = 2.

The dashed line at cei = 1 indicates the interpopulation and intrapopulation inhibition are the same. All of the dynamics of interest exist stably when the interpopulation coupling is less than the intrapopulation coupling (to the left of the dashed line), as desired. (A–C) Colored regions indicate areas that the oscillatory states shown stably exist. Roman numerals refer to the boundary curves of the regions as indicated. (A) The S state exists to the left of (i), which is a curve of branch points of limit cycles (BPLCs). (B) The SO state exists to the left of (ii), a curve of folds of limit cycles (FLCs) (these folds are the only ones in this diagram that arise from a subcritical Hopf bifurcation) and to the right of (iii), another curve of FLCs. (C) The OP state exists below (iv), a curve of FLCs, and (v), a curve of torus bifurcations, and to the left of (vi), a curve of BPLCs. The line style for each curve is shown to the right of each roman numeral for clarity. (D) All of the regions in (A–C) superimposed. (*) indicates the region of interest, where all three oscillating states (S, SO, and OP) exist stably.</p