<教職大学院>育てたい子ども像にせまる 学校の特色を活かした特別の教科 道徳の カリキュラム・マネジメント(中間発表の要旨)

departmental bulletin pape

COVID-19の5類感染症移行後の人々の心理と行動の特徴

COVID-19 was reclassified as Category 5 on May 8, 2023 in Japan. In this study, an internet survey (N=1200) was conducted to examine the behavioral and psychological impact on people after the reclassification to Category 5. Anxiety related to COVID-19 decreased compared to previous levels, although it was not entirely resolved. Moreover, the adoption of new normal remained generally low. While the number of mask wearers decreased, a significant proportion of individuals continued to wear masks. The primary determinants of mask wearing behavior were conformity, habit, discomfort, and a feeling of safety. No significant influence of infection prevention on oneself or others was identified.departmental bulletin pape

災害自己効力感尺度の開発

A disaster self-efficacy scale is proposed in this paper. The reliability and validity of the scale was verified through the development and analysis of correlations between four principal aspects of disaster self-efficacy. First, the correlations between individuals with an attitude toward disaster prevention and their actual disaster prevention behavior were examined. The correlations between the disaster self-efficacy scales and the general characteristic EQS (emotional intelligence scale) were then developed. Thirdly, the relationship between personal experiences from the Great East Japan Earthquake and disaster self-efficacy was explored. Finally, the correlations between disaster self-efficacy, social capital, and collective efficacy were examined. The proposed disaster self-efficacy scale was found to be a reliable and valid assessment of the predicted individual disaster response behavior.departmental bulletin pape

北海道における北海道・三陸沖後発地震注意情報の認識状況とその地域差

"Off the coast of Hokkaido and Sanriku subsequent earthquake advisory" information has been in effect since December 2022 in Japan. The government calls for attention to subsequent giant earthquake along the Kurile Trench and the Japan Trench in the advisory, when magnitude 7 or grater earthquake occurred in expected source area of giant earthquake. We conducted an online questionnaire survey in six cities in Hokkaido (Sapporo, Asahikawa, Hakodate, Tomakomai, Obihiro, and Kushiro) to determine the awareness of this information. Awareness of the information was low, with an average of only 13％ of respondents in all cities reporting that they were familiar with the information. Kushiro, which is expected to suffer the most damage from the target earthquake, had a higher level of awareness than the other cities.JSPS科研費 : 19H02224departmental bulletin pape

Data Expansion Using Adversarial Examples to Improve the Accuracy of Intrusion Detection Systems

In recent years, cyber-attacks such as unauthorized access and malware have been increasing along with the increasing use of network systems and the spread of new network technologies. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) have been attracting attention as one of the security technologies to protect systems from these cyber attacks. The accuracy of intrusion detection using deep learning is highly dependent on the data used for training, and a large amount of labeled training data is required. It is difficult to prepare a large amount of training data while taking into account the bias of the data. In this research, we propose a computationally efficient data expansion method using Jacobian-based Saliency Map Attack (JSMA), one of the adversarial example generation methods, and investigate how to improve the detection accuracy of signature-based IDS using deep learning models. To evaluate the proposed method, we built a small-scale model, extracted data with low classification accuracy, and extended the data with adversarial samples that were perturbed to bring them closer to the correct class, and compared the detection accuracy before and after the data extension. As a result of the experiment, the detection accuracy after the data expansion using the adversarial example was found to be better than that before the data expansion in terms of Accuracy, Recall, and F1-score. Although the proposed method improves the detection performance against attacks, it also increases the possibility of false positives, which requires improvements to reduce the degradation of Precision.departmental bulletin pape

地球環境保全型建築・都市の環境・エネルギ-システムに関する研究

本研究は、建築物や都市において使用されるエネルギ-と資源の有効利用とその高効率化をはかり、地球環境の保全に寄与できるような技術を確立し、その評価手法を確立することを目的とするものである。研究は以下のように大別できる。 1)都市レベルの環境とエネルギ-物理においては、都市におけるエネルギ-需要を予測する手法を考案し、さらに、都市温暖化の数値予測モデルを作成した。これらのデ-タをもとに、名古屋市における未利用エネルギ-の賦存量を、それを地域熱供給システムを用いて活用した場合の省エネルギ-効果を推計した。 2)都市のエネルギ-配分システムでは、地域冷暖房システムの意義とバリエ-ションを考察した。シミュレ-ションにより、ケ-ススタディを行い未利用エネルギ-による省エネルギ-効果を検討した。 3)自然エネルギ-利用では、太陽光発電を備えたソ-ラ-ハウスの実験を行い制御の方法を検討し、コンピュ-タシミュレ-ションのために各機器のパラメ- タを同定した。そして、集合住宅のエネルギ-供給に、太陽電源システムとゴミ処理廃熱の適用の可能性を検討した。さらに、建築・都市の冷暖房・給湯システムについて季節間蓄熱を用いた年間サイクルエネルギ-システムを提案し、システム性能についてシミュレ-ションモデルを作成して検討した。 4)蓄熱システムにおいては、スラリ-アイスを用いたダイナミック型氷蓄熱槽について、実験から特性解析を行い、動的熱特性を表すシミュレ-ションモデルを作成した。 5)環境と人間の生理心理では、よりきめ細かな、また無駄なエネルギ-消費がない快適な空調のあり方を探るため、夏や冬に空調を入れ始める状態を想定した非定常状態に対する生理心理応答の季節差に関する検討を行った。 6)地球環境問題、住環境問題、日照の問題などに対しての、一般住民の意識調査を行い、心理的な立場からこれらの諸問題を解決するための基礎知識を得た。科学研究費補助金 研究種目:一般研究(A) 課題番号:03402043 研究代表者:中原 信生 研究期間:1991-1994年度research repor

Observation of the Decay B0→D±D*∓

journal articl

コウレイシャニムケタスマートセイカツシエンデバイスニカンスルケンキュウ

奈良先端科学技術大学院大学博士(工学)doctoral thesi

Comparison of PCs simple spike rate changes and spike regularity in response to light activation of PCs, MLIs and GCs.

<p>(A) Increase in PC simple spike rate during ChR2 mediated light activation of PC in Pcp2-cre mice (14 cells from 6 mice). The increase in spike rates is paralleled by an increase in spike regularity, quantified by lower CV₂ values. (B) Inhibition of simple spikes in PCs during one second ChR2 mediated light activation of MLIs in Gad2-cre mice (19 cells from 3 mice). As PCs were silent during light application, CV₂ values were not calculated. (C) Overall increase in simple spike rate during prolonged ChR2 mediated light activation (5 sec) of GCs in Gabra6-cre mice. In 13 out of 25 cells, the PC simple spike rate increased after GC light activation. The increase in spike rate is not accompanied by higher regularity in the simple spike occurrence as CV₂ values increased (D) Overall decrease in simple spike rate during prolonged ChR2 mediated light activation (5 sec) of GCs in Gabra6-cre mice. The regularity of the spikes is reduced, as indicated by higher CV₂ values. Twelve out of 25 cells showed a decrease in PC simple spike rate after GC light activation. The 25 cells were recorded from 3 mice. The schematic representations in the bottom row plots depict (in blue) the loci of ChR2-expression in the different mouse lines and indicate the possible synaptic interaction mediating the light activated cell activity onto the PCs. (PC: Purkinje cell, IN: inhibitory interneuron, GC: granule cell).</p

Optogenetic Modulation and Multi-Electrode Analysis of Cerebellar Networks <i>In Vivo</i>

<div><p>The firing patterns of cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs), as the sole output of the cerebellar cortex, determine and tune motor behavior. PC firing is modulated by various inputs from different brain regions and by cell-types including granule cells (GCs), climbing fibers and inhibitory interneurons. To understand how signal integration in PCs occurs and how subtle changes in the modulation of PC firing lead to adjustment of motor behaviors, it is important to precisely record PC firing <i>in</i><i>vivo</i> and to control modulatory pathways in a spatio-temporal manner. Combining optogenetic and multi-electrode approaches, we established a new method to integrate light-guides into a multi-electrode system. With this method we are able to variably position the light-guide in defined regions relative to the recording electrode with micrometer precision. We show that PC firing can be precisely monitored and modulated by light-activation of channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) expressed in PCs, GCs and interneurons. Thus, this method is ideally suited to investigate the spatio/temporal modulation of PCs in anesthetized and in behaving mice.</p></div