不均一系微小粒子の生物活性測定システムの開発

不均一系に存在する微小粒子(例えば、プランクトン、細菌やその群体)のもつ生物活性を測定する新しいシステムを開発した。これは、YAGレーザー・赤外顕微鏡・試料セル・ガス精製装置・質量分析計からなるLASMMA(Laser Semi-Microprobe Mass Analysis)システムである。システムは、^を用いた植物プランクトンの光合成トレーサー実験を対象として開発し、微小粒子を識別する顕微鏡、試料セル、微小部位を燃焼させるためのレーザー照射系、そして、発生したガスを精製、定量する分析系からなる。レーザー光を赤外顕微鏡のレンズを通して試料に照射するためのレンズ・導入系を作製し、ビデオカメラにより、微小部位を確認しながらレーザー照射できるシステムとした。炭素同位体比のわかっているセルロースフィルターを純酸素下で30〜60分間処理した。生成した数μgのCO_2-Cを精製し、同位体比既知のCO_2ガスで希釈した後、同位体比質量分析計で測定した。その結果、レーザー法では、やや低い同位体比が得られたものの、トレーサー実験としては十分な精度をもっていることが判明した。実際のトレーサー実験にLASMMA法を適用した。諏訪湖のMicrocystisを対象に、^取り込みを測定した。顕微鏡で Microcystisのコロニーを確認しながらレーザー処理した。インキュベート開始時に1.09atom%であったものが、24時間後には 3.52atom%へと上昇した。懸濁態有機物全体を測定する従来の方法で得られた時間変化と非常によく一致しており、LASMMA法がトレーサー実験に応用できる段階に達したことが示された。常法に比べて標準偏差が大きい、時間がかかるなど改善すべき点が残されているが、トレーサー実験以外の応用も期待できる手法であることが確認された。なお、今後の活用のため、LASMMAシステム取扱説明書としてまとめた。科学研究費補助金 研究種目:基盤研究(B) 課題番号:06554036 研究代表者:吉岡 崇仁 研究期間:1994-1996年度research repor

A case of von Hippel–Lindau disease with renal cell carcinoma treated by partial nephrectomy with pre- and post-surgical axitinib therapy

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Identification of the α2 chain of interleukin‐13 receptor as a potential biomarker for predicting castration resistance of prostate cancer using patient‐derived xenograft models

Background Several treatment strategies use upfront chemotherapy or androgen receptor axis-targeting therapies for metastatic prostate cancer. However, there are no useful biomarkers for selecting appropriate patients who urgently require these treatments. Methods Novel patient-derived xenograft (PDX) castration-sensitive and -resistant models were established and gene expression patterns were comprehensively compared. The function of a gene highly expressed in the castration-resistant models was evaluated by its overexpression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Protein expression in the tumors and serum of patients was examined by immunohistochemistry and ELISA, and correlations with castration resistance were analyzed. Results Expression of the α2 chain of interleukin-13 receptor (IL13Rα2) was higher in castration-resistant PDX tumors. LNCaP cells overexpressing IL13Rα2 acquired castration resistance in vitro and in vivo. In tissue samples, IL13Rα2 expression levels were significantly associated with castration-resistant progression (p < 0.05). In serum samples, IL13Rα2 levels could be measured in 5 of 28 (18%) castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. Conclusion IL13Rα2 was highly expressed in castration-resistant prostate cancer PDX models and was associated with the castration resistance of prostate cancer cells. It might be a potential tissue and serum biomarker for predicting castration resistance in prostate cancer patients.Citation: Nagai T, Terada N, Fujii M, Nagata Y, Nakahara K, Mukai S, Okasho K, Kamiyama Y, Akamatsu S, Kobayashi T, Iida K, Denawa M, Hagiwara M, Inoue T, Ogawa O, Kamoto T. Identification of the α2 chain of interleukin-13 receptor as a potential biomarker for predicting castration resistance of prostate cancer using patient-derived xenograft models. Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2023 Feb;6(2):e1701. doi: 10.1002/cnr2.1701. Epub 2022 Aug 9. PMID: 36806727; PMCID: PMC9939991

Dysregulated HAI-2 Plays an Important Role in Renal Cell Carcinoma Bone Metastasis through Ligand-Dependent MET Phosphorylation

MET, a c-met proto-oncogene product and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, is known to play an important role in cancer progression, including bone metastasis. In a previous study, we reported increased expression of MET and matriptase, a novel activator of HGF, in bone metastasis. In this study, we employed a mouse model of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) bone metastasis to clarify the significance of the HGF/MET signaling axis and the regulator of HGF activator inhibitor type-2 (HAI-2). Luciferase-transfected 786-O cells were injected into the left cardiac ventricle of mice to prepare the mouse model of bone metastasis. The formation of bone metastasis was confirmed by whole-body bioluminescent imaging, and specimens were extracted. Expression of HGF/MET-related molecules was analyzed. Based on the results, we produced HAI-2 stable knockdown 786-O cells, and analyzed invasiveness and motility. Expression of HGF and matriptase was increased in bone metastasis compared with the control, while that of HAI-2 was decreased. Furthermore, we confirmed increased phosphorylation of MET in bone metastasis. The expression of matriptase was upregulated, and both invasiveness and motility were increased significantly by knockdown of HAI-2. The significance of ligand-dependent MET activation in RCC bone metastasis is considered, and HAI-2 may be an important regulator in this system.Yamasaki, K.; Mukai, S.; Sugie, S.; Nagai, T.; Nakahara, K.; Kamibeppu, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Shibasaki, N.; Terada, N.; Toda, Y.; et al. Dysregulated HAI-2 Plays an Important Role in Renal Cell Carcinoma Bone Metastasis through Ligand-Dependent MET Phosphorylation. Cancers 2018, 10, 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers1006019

Observation of the ηc(2S) in Exclusive B→KKSK-π+ Decays

journal articl

郊外戸建て住宅地における高齢者の見守りの展開に関する研究－鎌倉市今泉台を事例とした研究－

departmental bulletin pape

同軸線路による材料定数の測定法についての検討

application/pdfA method of simultaneously measuring material constants (complex permittivity and permeability) of a sample was theoretically and experimentally investigated. In this method，a cylindrical cavity containing the sample is placed between two coaxial lines. First，the relation between the S parameters of the cavity and the material constants of the sample is deduced by using the Galerkin method. The Computed results of the S parameters for the given material constants are in good agreement with those of the mode-matching method. The gradient method is applied to the calculation of the material constants from the S-parameter measurement， and stable solutions are obtained. Finally, the experimental reasults of the S-parameter measurement are described.departmental bulletin pape

Caveolin-1 and -2 regulate cell motility in castration-resistant prostate cancer

Background: Caveolin (Cav)-1 and Cav-2 are cell membrane proteins, which are structural proteins of caveolae and are reported to be positive regulators of cell survival and metastasis in prostate cancer (PC). In a previous study, we reported that elevated levels of Cav-1 and Cav-2 were significantly associated with PC progression. However, their functions in PC have not yet been clarified. In this study, we examined the function of Cav-1 and Cav-2 in PC cell invasiveness and motility. Materials and methods: We introduced Cav-1- and Cav-2-specific small interfering into PC3 cells to knock-down (KD) both molecules. We also performed cell proliferation assay, wound healing assay, migration assay, and invasion assay using PC3 cells and compared the results between Cav-1-KD, Cav-2-KD, and negative control PC3 cells. In addition, we performed real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and RT2 Profiler PCR Array analysis to identify factors influencing migration. Results: We observed no significant difference in the proliferative and invasive activities of Cav-1-KD and Cav-2-KD PC3 cells; however, the cell motility was significantly decreased compared with negative control PC3 cells. RT-qPCR revealed that the expression of vimentin and N-cadherin was downregulated in Cav-1-KD PC3 cells. In addition, PCR array revealed a decreased expression of MGAT5, MMP13, and MYCL in Cav-1-KD PC3 and ETV4, FGFR4, and SRC in Cav-2-KD PC3. Conclusion: Cav-1 and Cav-2 may positively contribute to the upregulation of castration-resistant PC cell migration. Cav-induced regulation of several molecules including vimentin, N-cadherin, MGAT5, MMP13, MYCL, ETV4, FGFR4, and SRC may have an important role in PC3 cell motility. However, further examination will be required.Citation: Kamibeppu T, Yamasaki K, Nakahara K, Nagai T, Terada N, Tsukino H, Mukai S, Kamoto T. Caveolin-1 and -2 regulate cell motility in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Res Rep Urol. 2018;10:135-144 https://doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S17337

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Evaluation of folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) mRNA expression, its specific promoter methylation and global DNA hypomethylation in type I and type II ovarian cancers

Associations between FOLR1 mRNA expression and FOLR1 promoter methylation. Scattered plot with Spearman‘s Rho correlations between FOLR1 mRNA expression and FOLR1 promoter methylation in A) the whole cohort of ovarian cancers; B) type I cancers and C) type II cancers. On the graphs are reported Spearman index and p-values for each group. Units: § arbitrary units normalized to TBP. §§ PMR values. (PPTX 86.4 kb

Detection of SOCS2 in primary mammary carcinoma samples by immunohistochemistry

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Favorable prognostic value of SOCS2 and IGF-I in breast cancer"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/7/136</p><p>BMC Cancer 2007;7():136-136.</p><p>Published online 25 Jul 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1948006.</p><p></p> Representative immunohistochemical stainings of samples with low SOCS2 (A) and high SOCS2 (B) mRNA expression are shown. Note a strong cytoplasmatic epithelial staining for SOCS2 in tumors with high SOCS2 mRNA levels (B)