Transcellular penetration of Treponema phagedenis isolated from papillomatous digital dermatitis in polarized normal human epidermal keratinocytes in vitro

Papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD) is a polymicrobial infection causing lameness in dairy cattle. Culture-independent analysis has shown that Treponema phagedenis is present consistently and predominantly in the lesions. However, the pathogenesis of PDD, especially the tissue penetration pathway, has not been examined. In the present study, we investigated whether T. phagedenis strains isolated from PDD produce proteolytic enzyme (s) for disruption of the epithelial cell barrier and have the ability to translocate in polarized normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) in vitro. Ten strains of T. phagedenis isolated from lesions did not show proteolytic activity on modified skim milk agar, although a human strain of T. denticola used as a control showed such activity. The integrity of tight junctions was monitored by measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). The TER values after inoculation of the T. phagedenis strains examined did not change during the experimental period; however, apical to basolateral translocation of T. phagedenis was confirmed after 24 hr by microscopy and Treponema-specific PCR. We further confirmed that translocation of T. phagedenis was accelerated by co-inoculation with live T. denticola, but not with heat-killed organisms. Furthermore, tight junction ZO-1 protein was not lost intensity after inoculation with T. phagedenis and the organism was observed in NHEK cells using a florescence microscope. These results suggest that T. phagedenis strains may translocate via a transcellular route in vitro and that the invasion is accelerated by other bacteria, such as T. denticola, producing proteolytic activity.Citation: Rathanon KHEMGAEW, Mari OMACHI, Tomoe TAKESADA, Torrung VETCHAPITAK, Hiroyuki SATO, Takako TANIGUCHI, Naoaki MISAWA, Transcellular penetration of Treponema phagedenis isolated from papillomatous digital dermatitis in polarized normal human epidermal keratinocytes in vitro, Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2021, Volume 83, Issue 6, Pages 889-897, Released on J-STAGE June 09, 2021, Advance online publication April 14, 2021, Online ISSN 1347-7439, Print ISSN 0916-7250, https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.21-0034, https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jvms/83/6/83_21-0034/_article/-char/e

Optical Properties of ZnSx Se1-x Crystals Grown by the Sublimation Method

departmental bulletin pape

アジア諸国におけるグローバリゼーション対応の高等教育改革戦略に関する比較研究

本研究は、"グローバリゼーション"がアジア諸国の高等教育に及ぼした影響と、それに対する各国の対応を比較の手法を用いて実証的に研究することをねらいとしており、今年度は以下の活動を展開した。第一に、6月に中国、韓国、台湾、インドネシア、ベトナム、インド、マレーシア、タイの各対象国分担者が一堂に会して第一年度の研究活動に関する実績と反省点に関する検討を行った。その結果、第2年次の研究の展開および最終年度に当たる本年度末の最終報告書作成に向けて、当初の検討に基づき取り決めていた枠組み・理論構築のための合意事項について、必要な修正を行うとともに、研究の焦点の明確化を図った。すなわち、初年度に構想していた(1)各国の政府レベルでのグローバリゼーションに対応する高等教育重点政策の把握、(2)各大学における運営の特質、とくに行政当局との関係、運営裁量権の拡大の度合い、民間企業との協力、特徴的なカリキュラムと教授方法の把握、(3)世界的研究拠点(COE)となるための具体的措置の把握、の各項目に加えて、(4)グローバリゼーション対応の改革措置に関して国内の各高等教育機関間の競争の中で淘汰された「負け組」機関の動静にも注意を払うことである。第二に、各国研究班は相互に連絡をとりつつ、関係資科の収集整理をすすめ、上記の共通の研究枠組に従って基礎分析を行った。第三に、タイ、インドネシア、シンガポール、インドについては、各国をそれぞれ1週間訪問し、初年度の調査で欠けていた部分を補充することを目的として、上記課題に関連した資料・文献を収集するとともに、高等教育改革推進の政策立案・実施者、各国・地域のCOEとなっている大学の管理者と面談し、改革戦略遂行の実態把握に努めた。これらの成果は報告書原稿の執筆がほぼ完了した2月の全体会に持ち寄られ、横断的比較検討を進めた。 2年間の調査・研究を通じて明らかになったことを要約すれば、以下の諸点となる。アジアでは、すでに高等教育の大衆化を実現して久しい日本、韓国に加えて、フィリピン、台湾、中国、タイ、シンガポールが大衆化段階に到達し、マレーシア・インドネシア・ベトナム・インドは大衆化目標の達成にむけてシステムの多様化が図られている。またアジア諸国の高等教育改革に共通に見られる現象として、(1)国際競争力をつけることが重点目標となっており、(2)そのため選ばれた特定大学への予算の重点配分や集中投資による機関間の差別化が進んでおり、(3)少数の研究型大学の構築が急がれ、大学院教育の強化・充実が具体的施策として現れており、(4)教育の内的事項に関わる現象としてはコンピュータないしIT教育ならびに外国語とくに英語教育の充実が図られていること、(5)高等教育の質的保証を確実なものにするため政府主導の大学評価が実施されていること等が確認された。科学研究費補助金 研究種目:基盤研究(B)(1) 課題番号:14310120 研究代表者:大塚 豊 研究期間:2002-2003年度research repor

Study of CP-Violating Asymmetries in B0→π+π- Decays

journal articl

デュピュイ氏への応答 ―ここにある「未来」にどう向き合うか―

departmental bulletin pape

Study on durability evaluation of concrete structure constructed over 60 years ago in cold region

application/pdfConcrete structures constructed in cold region suffer from many cycles of freeze-thaw in Winter. Especially concrete structures which were constructed before 1930s and which did not contain air entrained (AE) agent suffer remarkably from frost damage due to freeze-thawing. Some of them, however, are of good designs and harmonize well with the surrounding environment. So some campaigns to preserve the structures are in progress, for example, in Kamishihoro, Shyari and so on in Hokkaido. Furthermore, the maintenance and management for long term service of these structure is important for efficient public investment.　　The purpose of this study is basically to :1) Investigate the change in time of concrete arch bridge constructed in cold region 60 years ago by researching at the site and to look up design plan report of that time.2) Analyzing the freeze-thaw cycles of section on member toward direction of depth as an external factor.3) Evaluate the safeness and performance of the structure influenced by change in time by analyzing with finite element method (FEM) and look up design plan report of that time in order to predict remaining serviceable years.departmental bulletin pape

Body mass index and subsequent fracture risk: a meta-analysis to update FRAX

Abstract The aim of this international meta-analysis was to quantify the predictive value of BMI for incident fracture and relationship of this risk with age, sex, follow-up time, and BMD. A total of 1 667 922 men and women from 32 countries (63 cohorts), followed for a total of 16.0 million person-years were studied. 293 325 had FN BMD measured (2.2 million person-years follow-up). An extended Poisson model in each cohort was used to investigate relationships between WHO-defined BMI categories (Underweight: <18.5 kg/m2; Normal: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2; Overweight: 25.0-29.9 kg/m2; Obese I: 30.0-34.9 kg/m2; Obese II: ≥35.0 kg/m2) and risk of incident osteoporotic, major osteoporotic and hip fracture (HF). Inverse-variance weighted β-coefficients were used to merge the cohort-specific results. For the subset with BMD available, in models adjusted for age and follow-up time, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for HF comparing underweight with normal weight was 2.35 (2.10-2.60) in women and for men was 2.45 (1.90-3.17). Hip fracture risk was lower in overweight and obese categories compared to normal weight [obese II vs normal: women 0.66 (0.55-0.80); men 0.91 (0.66-1.26)]. Further adjustment for FN BMD T-score attenuated the increased risk associated with underweight [underweight vs normal: women 1.69 (1.47-1.96); men 1.46 (1.00-2.13)]. In these models, the protective effects of overweight and obesity were attenuated, and in both sexes, the direction of association reversed to higher fracture risk in Obese II category [Obese II vs Normal: women 1.24 (0.97-1.58); men 1.70 (1.06-2.75)]. Results were similar for other fracture outcomes. Underweight is a risk factor for fracture in both men and women regardless of adjustment for BMD. However, while overweight/obesity appeared protective in base models, they became risk factors after additional adjustment for FN BMD, particularly in the Obese II category. This effect in the highest BMI categories was of greater magnitude in men than women. These results will inform the second iteration of FRAX®

Rheumatoid arthritis and subsequent fracture risk: an individual person meta-analysis to update FRAX

Rheumatoid arthritis and subsequent fracture risk: an individual person meta-analysis to update FRAX</p