サラブレット競走馬の糞便由来耐性菌の分子生物学的研究

宮崎大学博士（獣医学）2020年度doctoral thesi

Amplitude Dependent Stability and Instability Analysis for Nonlinear Sampled-Data Control Systems

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Multidrug-Resistant ESBL/AmpC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Healthy Thoroughbred Racehorses in Japan

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and AmpC β-lactamase (AmpC)-producing Klebsiella spp. have become a major health problem, leading to treatment failure in humans and animals. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of ESBL/AmpC-producing Klebsiella spp. isolated from racehorses in Japan. Feces samples from 212 healthy Thoroughbred racehorses were collected from the Japan Racing Association Training Centers between March 2017 and August 2018. ESBL/AmpC-producing Klebsiella spp. were isolated using selective medium containing 1 µg/mL cefotaxime. All isolates were subjected to bacterial species identification (MALDI-TOF MS), antimicrobial susceptibility test (disk diffusion test), characterization of resistance genes (PCR), conjugation assay, and genetic relatedness (multilocus sequence typing/MLST). Twelve ESBL/AmpC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL/AmpC-KP) were isolated from 3.3% of horse samples. Antimicrobial resistance profiling for 17 antimicrobials showed all ESBL/AmpC-KP were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Only 1 isolate was confirmed as an ESBL producer (blaCTX-M-2-positive), whereas the other 11 isolates were plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) producers (blaCMY positive). On the basis of MLST analysis, the ESBL-KP isolate was identified as sequence type (ST)-133 and four different STs among AmpC-KP isolates, ST-145, ST-4830, ST-4831, and ST-4832, were found to share six of the seven loci constituting a single-locus variant. This is the first study to show K. pneumoniae carrying MDR pAmpC isolated from a racehorse.Citation: Sukmawinata, E.; Uemura, R.; Sato, W.; Thu Htun, M.; Sueyoshi, M. Multidrug-Resistant ESBL/AmpC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Healthy Thoroughbred Racehorses in Japan. Animals 2020, 10, 369. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani1003036

IncI1 Plasmid Associated with blaCTX-M-2 Transmission in ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Thoroughbred Racehorse, Japan

In our previous study, extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (ESBLEC) were isolated from healthy Thoroughbred racehorse feces samples in Japan. Some ESBL genes were predicted to be located on the conjugative plasmid. PCR-based replicon typing (PBRT) is a useful method to monitor and detect the association of replicons with specific plasmid-borne resistant genes. This study aimed to evaluate the plasmid replicon associated with ESBLEC isolated from healthy Thoroughbred racehorses at Japan Racing Association Training Centers in Japan. A total of 24 ESBLECs isolated from 23 (10.8%) individual Thoroughbred racehorse feces samples were used in this study. ESBL gene transfer was performed using a conjugation assay. Then, replicon types of ESBLEC isolates and their transconjugants were determined using PBRT. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed to look at the clonality of the ESBLECs isolates. ESBLECs were detected from 10.8% of healthy Thoroughbred racehorses. The blaCTX-M-2 was identified as the dominant type of ESBL gene, followed by blaCTX-M-1 and blaTEM-116. In this study, only the blaCTX-M-2 and the IncI1 plasmid were transferred to transconjugants. The PFGE results showed that ESBL genes were distributed in diversity of ESBLECs. This finding suggested that the IncI1 plasmid was associated with the dissemination of blaCTX-M-2 in Thoroughbred racehorses in Japan.Citation: Sukmawinata, E.; Uemura, R.; Sato, W.; Mitoma, S.; Kanda, T.; Sueyoshi, M. IncI1 Plasmid Associated with blaCTX-M-2 Transmission in ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Thoroughbred Racehorse, Japan. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics902007

Precise Measurement of B Meson Lifetimes with Hadronic Decay Final States

journal articl

Codon_positions_1+2_dataset

This is the nt1+2 nucleotide dataset used to infer the phylogeny presented in Figure 4. It contains 30,936 positions and was assembled from 79 chloroplast genes of 63 green algae. The data set is in Phylip format and comprises only the first two positions of the codons

帝国崩壊と戦後日本のなかの「帝国経験」

departmental bulletin pape

Amino acid dataset

This is the amino acid dataset used to infer the phylogeny presented in Figure 1. It contains 15,549 positions and was assembled from 79 proteins encoded in the chloroplast genomes of 63 green algae. The data set is in Phylip format

Structure, function and ligand interactions of the ecdysone receptor from Daphnia magna

Background: Endocrine disruptors are of an increasing concern to the global environment due to their ability to modulate endocrine processes and cause adverse apical effects. Invertebrates are important species in the aquatic environment and are a central subject for toxicological testing, but the effects of endocrine disruptors (EDs) in invertebrates are limited due to less knowledge concerning the endocrine systems. A molecular modeling approach can be used for high-throughput screening of potential active compounds to predict binding affinity towards a target. Homology modeling, docking and scoring studies can play an important role in risk assessment of EDs. Two homology models of the ecdysone receptor (EcR) in D. magna were constructed from resolved X-ray structures of Bemisia tabacil and Heliothis virescens EcR ligand binding domain. The models were evaluated by docking studies and an in vitro two-hybrid reporter assay as an attempt to support the constructed models, identify a possible ED target and identify ED chemicals. This project is as a part of the research council of Norway (RCN) funded and NIVA-led project EDRISK, which main goal is to develop and evaluate adverse outcome pathways of EDs in the crustacean D. magna for potential inclusion in hazard and risk assessment of EDs. Results: Docking scores of presumed active binders were good for both models. In vitro data of the presumed active binders, ponasterone A and 20-hydroxyecdysone were verified to act as agonists in the reporter assay supporting the docking results. In vitro data of TFOA, triclosan and diethyl phthalate showed that the compounds were not able to bind to the EcR, partially opposing the predicted scores. Conclusion: Theoretical studies predicted model II to be a more accurate representation of the EcR in D. magna than model I and results of experimental testing supported this prediction. The experimental testing of the selected compounds was not sufficient to fully support the predicted models since too few compounds were tested

Christa Wolf’s "What Remains". One document or a document unit?

Christa Wolf – one of the most famous East German writers – published a little story called What remains in the summer of 1990. Written in the late seventies under the GDR regime but first published after the opening of the Berlin Wall, What remains caused a great stir in the almost reunified Germany known as the Christa-Wolf-Debate. Especially in big German newspapers like Die Zeit or Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, but also in the smaller local ones, German intellectuals for years were discussing the moral responsibilities of the writer and the politics of literature and literary criticism. All the critics refer to one literary text, not taking into consideration that there might be a unit of documents caused by several editions and several versions. In this paper I therefore would like to examine what kind of influence these variants might have on the interpretation of the text. In relation to this, I also want to take a closer look on what Gerald Genette (1987) calls the ”paratext” of a text and its consequences for the public ”epitext”. In this context I will also discuss the fact that an important part of the artistic documentation – the several versions of a text which may be found in private or public archives – are seldom or never considered as relevant by literary critics who only relate to the ”finished” product