Studies on the Chemical Identification of Quercus Wood (II) : On Subgenera Lepidobalanus and Cyclobalanopsis

departmental bulletin pape

Tmem161a regulates bone formation and bone strength through the P38 MAPK pathway

Bone remodeling is an extraordinarily complex process involving a variety of factors, such as genetic, metabolic, and environmental components. Although genetic factors play a particularly important role, many have not been identified. In this study, we investigated the role of transmembrane 161a (Tmem161a) in bone structure and function using wild-type (WT) and Tmem161a-depleted (Tmem161aGT/GT) mice. Mice femurs were examined by histological, morphological, and bone strength analyses. Osteoblast differentiation and mineral deposition were examined in Tmem161a-overexpressed, -knockdown and -knockout MC3T3-e1 cells. In WT mice, Tmem161a was expressed in osteoblasts of femurs; however, it was depleted in Tmem161aGT/GT mice. Cortical bone mineral density, thickness, and bone strength were significantly increased in Tmem161aGT/GT mice femurs. In MC3T3-e1 cells, decreased expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Osterix were found in Tmem161a overexpression, and these findings were reversed in Tmem161a-knockdown or -knockout cells. Microarray and western blot analyses revealed upregulation of the P38 MAPK pathway in Tmem161a-knockout cells, which referred as stress-activated protein kinases. ALP and flow cytometry analyses revealed that Tmem161a-knockout cells were resistant to oxidative stress. In summary, Tmem161a is an important regulator of P38 MAPK signaling, and depletion of Tmem161a induces thicker and stronger bones in mice.Citation: Nagai T, Sekimoto T, Kurogi S, Ohta T, Miyazaki S, Yamaguchi Y, Tajima T, Chosa E, Imasaka M, Yoshinobu K, Araki K, Araki M, Choijookhuu N, Sato K, Hishikawa Y, Funamoto T. Tmem161a regulates bone formation and bone strength through the P38 MAPK pathway. Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 5;13(1):14639. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-41837-4. PMID: 37670024; PMCID: PMC10480474

シンポジウム『戦争と性暴力の比較史へ向けて』を読む

departmental bulletin pape

Precise Measurement of B Meson Lifetimes with Hadronic Decay Final States

journal articl

初級日本語学習者の ｢聞き返し｣ のストラテジ ― : 質的分析の観点から

application/pdfThe purpose of this research is to analyze the “Request for Clarification” used　between Japanese native speakers and Japanese language learners. The main focus of　this research is to analyze it qualitatively.　The informants were eight native English speakers that began to study Japanese at　Nanzan University in Japan from September 1998. The data was taken from interviews　done in October 1998．The interviewer was a native Japanese woman. The interviews　were recorded on tape. The interviews were transcribed and used as data in this research. The framework of “Requests for Clarification” as well as its categories were taken from Ozaki (1993) and modified a little by Ohno (2000, 2001).　As a result, many factors influenced both the success and failure of “Request for Clarification”. It is a very important factor that learners must convey to the native speaker, 1) what they can or can not understand and 2) what problem they face. AIso, native speakers must reflect on their reaction when communication does not go well.departmental bulletin pape

Quality and Its Improvement of Friction Welded Joint between Rectangular Section Bar and Circular Section Bar

The present paper describes the quality and its improvement of friction welded joints between a rectangular section bar and a circular section bar. Three kinds of rectangular section bars with different aspect ratio were used for the experiment. The rectangular section bars and circular section bars were joined by using a continuous drive(brake type)friction welding machine with an electromagnetic clutch in order to prevent a braking deformation during rotation stop.　The low heat input friction welding method (LHI method) was used for joining.　　The following conclusions were given.　　(1)The first phase of the friction stage was composed of wear and seizure stages.　This result was similar to the join of circular section bars of same diameter.　　(2)When the areas of the weld faying surfaces were same each other，the initial torque and the elapsed time for initial torque hardly changed in spite of the aspect ratios of rectangular section bars.　　(3)The welded joints obtained only the first stage (up to initial torque) had 100％ joint efficiency， but fractures occurred between the welded interface and base metal. When small aspcct ratios of rectangular section bars and a circular section bar were welded， several joints fractured at the base metal although they had a little defect in the welded interface.　　(4)When the joints were made by the LHI method in Ar atmosphere， the welded joints had 100％ joint efficiency, but fractures occurred between the welded interface and base metal.　　(5)The welded joints had 100％joint efficiency and fractured at the base metal when the joints were made by the LHI method with adding forge pressure (improving LHI method).　On the other hand，most of the welded joints made by the conventional method with forge pressure had fractures occurred between the welded interface and base metal. 　　(6)The improving LHI method has more advantages than those welded by the conventional method,I.e.，less burn-off,less burr and less deformation of welded interface area. As a conclusion，it was clarincd that the improving LHI method is the most effective friction welding method for rectangular section bars and circular section bars.application/pdfjournal articl