14 research outputs found
Histopathological findings of the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue of pigs co-infected with porcine circovirus 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
Get PDFPorcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) causes porcine circovirus-associated disease, and co-infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) severely affects the pig breeding industry. Both viruses target the macrophages in lymphoid tissues. Various porcine pathogens enter via the nasal cavity, and the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) acts as the mucosal immune system. However, the pathological analysis has not progressed. This study aimed to histologically examine the NALT of pigs with suspected PCV2 and PRRSV infections. Six pigs were subjected to necropsy, and their NALT, tonsils, and mesenteric lymph nodes were collected. Macrophages, lymphocytic depletion, multinucleated giant cells, intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, and neutrophil infiltration increased in the NALT. In situ hybridization revealed positive signals for PCV2 in the NALT of all pigs and PRRSV in the NALT of three pigs. PCV2-positive macrophages were mainly identified in the follicles, whereas PRRSV-positive tissues were found primarily around the crypt and directly below the epithelium. Quantitative PCR revealed 108–1010 copies of PCV2 DNA/µL and 102–104 copies of PRRSV DNA/µL in the NALT. Therefore, both PCV2 and PRRSV were detected in the NALT of pigs. In conclusion, the infection and replication of both viruses in the NALT and tonsils may suppress host immunity and promote co-infection with other pathogens.Citation:
Toyama K, Hirai T, Sueyoshi M, Zhou Z, Niazi AM, Kawaguchi N, Fuke N, Yamaguchi R. Histopathological findings of the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue of pigs co-infected with porcine circovirus 2 and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. J Vet Med Sci. 2022 Nov 14;84(11):1536-1542. doi: 10.1292/jvms.22-0231. Epub 2022 Oct 13. PMID: 36223944; PMCID: PMC9705823
Quality and Its Improvement of Friction Welded Joint between Rectangular Section Bar and Circular Section Bar
Get PDFThe present paper describes the quality and its improvement of friction welded joints between a rectangular section bar and a circular section bar. Three kinds of rectangular section bars with different aspect ratio were used for the experiment. The rectangular section bars and circular section bars were joined by using a continuous drive(brake type)friction welding machine with an electromagnetic clutch in order to prevent a braking deformation during rotation stop. The low heat input friction welding method (LHI method) was used for joining. The following conclusions were given. (1)The first phase of the friction stage was composed of wear and seizure stages. This result was similar to the join of circular section bars of same diameter. (2)When the areas of the weld faying surfaces were same each other，the initial torque and the elapsed time for initial torque hardly changed in spite of the aspect ratios of rectangular section bars. (3)The welded joints obtained only the first stage (up to initial torque) had 100％ joint efficiency， but fractures occurred between the welded interface and base metal. When small aspcct ratios of rectangular section bars and a circular section bar were welded， several joints fractured at the base metal although they had a little defect in the welded interface. (4)When the joints were made by the LHI method in Ar atmosphere， the welded joints had 100％ joint efficiency, but fractures occurred between the welded interface and base metal. (5)The welded joints had 100％joint efficiency and fractured at the base metal when the joints were made by the LHI method with adding forge pressure (improving LHI method). On the other hand，most of the welded joints made by the conventional method with forge pressure had fractures occurred between the welded interface and base metal. (6)The improving LHI method has more advantages than those welded by the conventional method,I.e.，less burn-off,less burr and less deformation of welded interface area. As a conclusion，it was clarincd that the improving LHI method is the most effective friction welding method for rectangular section bars and circular section bars.application/pdfjournal articl
Additional file 1 of Clinically significant association of elevated expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 expression with higher glucose uptake and progression of upper urinary tract cancer
No full textFigure S1 Association between immunostaining intensity for Nrf2 and expression levels of Nrf2 detected by western blotting and pathological characteristics. (A). The tumors with intense immunostaining of Nrf2 showed increased expression of Nrf2. Xâaxis is intensity of immunestaining of Nrf2. Y-axis for Nrf2 is a ratio of the optical density for the tumor specimen to that for the corresponding non-neoplastic specimen (set at 1.0) by western blotting. The median value is the central line, the box is the interquartile range, the bars are the full range, and the points are the outliers. (B). Higher immunostaining of Nrf2 was associated with poorer histological grading, local invasion (pT), regional lymph node metastasis (pN), and lymphovascular invasion (LVI). (TIFF 1521Â kb
Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Radical nephrectomy and regional lymph node dissection for locally advanced type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma in an at-risk individual from a family with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer: a case report
No full textImaging of the left renal tumor. a: Ultrasonography, b: Enhanced CT, c: MRI T2W1, d: MRI gadolinium. Lt RCC: left renal cell carcinoma. mLM: metastatic lymph node tumor. These imaging were at pre-treatment with axitinib. (TIFF 1162 kb
Immunohistochemical expressionof sodium-dependent glucose transporter - 2 (SGLT-2) in clear cell renal carcinoma: possible prognostic implications
No full textABSTRACT Purpose: Glucose is a major energy resource for tumor cell survival and growth, and its influx into cells is mainly carried out by facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs). Sodium - dependent glucose transporters (SGLTs) have been highlighted as playing important roles in diabetic treatment. However, their potential roles in cancer remain unclear. We examined expression patterns of SGLTs in tumor tissues together with conventional pathological variables to determine prognostic significance in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and Methods: Nephrectomy specimens were obtained from 68 patients. GLUT - 1, - 2 and SGLT - 1, - 2 expression in tumor and adjacent normal tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining, and intensity was quantified using an image analyzer. Results: The four glucose transporters evaluated were broadly distributed in tumor tissues as well as throughout the normal parenchyma. There was no significant correlation between transporter expression and conventional pathological variables. However, increased SGLT - 2 expression was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (p </div
Survival curve in patients with renal cancer based on the mean values of T/N ratio of expression of IFNAR2 mRNAs in kidney tissues, the cases were divided into two groups at this levels – high and low expression
No full text<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Increased interferon alpha receptor 2 mRNA levels is associated with renal cell carcinoma metastasis"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/7/159</p><p>BMC Cancer 2007;7():159-159.</p><p>Published online 15 Aug 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1988828.</p><p></p> Overall survival curve in total 103 tumors and disease-free survival curve in MO cases of 68 tumors at nephrectomy. value was analyzed by log-rank test
