Observation of B+ → χc0K+

journal articl

EST2uni: an open, parallel tool for automated EST analysis and database creation, with a data mining web interface and microarray expression data integration-1

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "EST2uni: an open, parallel tool for automated EST analysis and database creation, with a data mining web interface and microarray expression data integration"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/9/5</p><p>BMC Bioinformatics 2008;9():5-5.</p><p>Published online 7 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2258287.</p><p></p

PCA analysis of all samples.

<p>In panel A the projection along the first and second principal components of the PCA analysis carried out with the SNP genotypes is represented. Panel B corresponds to the same PCA analysis, but in this case the samples are projected along the first and third principal components. Every axis label includes the percentage of the eigenvalues corresponding to that principal component. The colors and marker shapes represent the different, mainly geographical, groups in which every species and variety has been divided, and which are detailed in the legend. This division matches the one stated in the column “Limited Group” of Supporting <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0048198#pone.0048198.s003" target="_blank">Table S1</a>.</p

Qualitative morphological characters.

<p>The distribution of the different qualitative morphological characters throughout the groups in which the different species and varieties have been divided is represented. Each chart corresponds to a different character and each bar to a different group. The percentages are calculated over the number of plants found to have every type of the character. The accession grouping is mainly geographical and is listed in the “Wide Group” column of Supporting <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0048198#pone.0048198.s003" target="_blank">Table S1</a>.</p

Polymorphism and heterozygosity indexes.

<p>Wide group: Broad geographic group.</p><p>Limited group: Narrow geographic group.</p><p>Expected heterozygosity assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and corrected for sampling bias.</p><p>Observed heterozygosity.</p><p>Het. Obs./Het. Exp. * 100.</p><p>Polymorphism. Percentage of markers with a frequency of the most common allele bellow 0.95.</p

Independent Set Reconfiguration on Directed Graphs

Directed Token Sliding asks, given a directed graph and two sets of pairwise nonadjacent vertices, whether one can reach from one set to the other by repeatedly applying a local operation that exchanges a vertex in the current set with one of its out-neighbors, while keeping the nonadjacency. It can be seen as a reconfiguration process where a token is placed on each vertex in the current set, and the local operation slides a token along an arc respecting its direction. Previously, such a problem was extensively studied on undirected graphs, where the edges have no directions and thus the local operation is symmetric. Directed Token Sliding is a generalization of its undirected variant since an undirected edge can be simulated by two arcs of opposite directions. In this paper, we initiate the algorithmic study of Directed Token Sliding. We first observe that the problem is PSPACE-complete even if we forbid parallel arcs in opposite directions and that the problem on directed acyclic graphs is NP-complete and W[1]-hard parameterized by the size of the sets in consideration. We then show our main result: a linear-time algorithm for the problem on directed graphs whose underlying undirected graphs are trees, which are called polytrees. Such a result is also known for the undirected variant of the problem on trees [Demaine et al. TCS 2015], but the techniques used here are quite different because of the asymmetric nature of the directed problem. We present a characterization of yes-instances based on the existence of a certain set of directed paths, and then derive simple equivalent conditions from it by some observations, which yield an efficient algorithm. For the polytree case, we also present a quadratic-time algorithm that outputs, if the input is a yes-instance, one of the shortest reconfiguration sequences.conference pape

PCA analysis of <i>S. lycopersicum</i>.

<p>PCA analysis of the <i>S. lycopersicum</i> samples. In this case, as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0048198#pone-0048198-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a>, panels A and B represent projections along different principal components. The colors and marker shapes represent the different, mainly geographical, groups in which <i>S. lycopersicum</i> has been divided and which are specified in the legend of <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0048198#pone-0048198-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a>.</p

Geographical distribution of the Structure ancestries.

<p>The ancestries calculated by the Structure analysis are clustered by geographical group and represented at the corresponding geographical location. The ancestries' bar color matches those shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0048198#pone-0048198-g003" target="_blank">Figure 3</a>. The different colors of the geographical background correspond to the Köppen-Geiger climatic classification. The different climate types are detailed in the legend.</p

Root transcript abundance for <i>Cm-PPCK</i>, <i>Cm-transferase</i> in nine diverse melon accessions under P replete and P starved conditions.

<p>Relative transcript abundance for (a) <i>Cm-PPCK1</i> [MU52466], (b) <i>Cm-transferase</i> [MU47437] in different melon accessions grown hydroponically with a full nutrient solution (Control, light grey) or nutrient solution containing no phosphate (NoP, dark grey) for 21 d. Transcript abundance was measured using quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) and expressed relative to that of the housekeeping gene (<i>Cm-Ubiquitin</i>). Grey bars with the same grey letter are not significant different at <i>P</i><0.05 by Newmans Keuls multiple range test. Dark grey bars with the same letter are not significant different at <i>P</i><0.05 by Newmans Keuls multiple range test.</p

Quantitative morphological characters.

<p>The distribution of values for different quantitative morphological characters is represented for the groups in which the different species and varieties have been divided. Each chart corresponds to a different character and each column to a different group. In the continuous characters, each point in the scatter plots represents the mean value of the character for that accession, whereas in the discontinuous ones, the number of accessions that have the same value for the given character is represented by the diameter of the mark in the scatter plot. The accession grouping is the same as that used in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0048198#pone-0048198-g005" target="_blank">Figure 5</a>, is mainly geographical and is listed in the “Wide Group” column of Supporting <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0048198#pone.0048198.s003" target="_blank">Table S1</a>.</p