Ultimate low system dark count rate for superconducting nanowire single-photon detector

The dark count rate (DCR) is a key parameter of single-photon detectors. By introducing a bulk optical band-pass filter mounted on a fiber-to-fiber optical bench cooled at 3 K and blocking down to 5 micrometer, we suppressed the DCR of a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector by more than three orders of magnitude. The DCR is limited by the blackbody radiation through a signal passband of 20 nm bandwidth. The figure of merit, system detection efficiency, and DCR were 2.7 x 10^11, 2.3 %, and 0.001 Hz, respectively. Narrowing the bandwidth to 100 GHz suppresses the DCR to 0.0001 Hz and the figure of merit increases to 1.8 x 10^12.Comment: to appear in Optics Letter

CARDIOPROTECTIVE MECHANISMS OF LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS AND PHARMACOTHERAPIES ON CARDIAC REMODELING AND DYSFUNCTION IN HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE: AN OVERVIEW

2011-08The incidence of cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients is clearly related to a left ventricular mass during treatment, and a regression of left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with a better prognosis. This is the case even independently of changes in other risk factors, including blood pressure. Evidence indicates that lifestyle modifications such as dietary salt restriction and weight loss are effective means in preventing the development of hypertension and reducing blood pressure and left ventricular mass in hypertensive patients. Salt restriction may also reduce the long-term risk of cardiovascular events. It has been recognized that the primary targets of current antihypertensive drugs are the renin-angiotensinaldosterone system, calcium homeostasis, the ionic transport mechanisms in the kidneys, and the sympathetic nervous system. Clinical as well as experimental studies have demonstrated the cardioprotective effects of antihypertensive drugs independently of their blood pressure lowering effects. Hypertension is often complicated by other disease states including diabetes, dyslipidemia, and ischemic heart disease. Some of the drugs used for the treatment of such complications are also shown to produce cardioprotective effects in addition to their original effects. We ought to better understand these pleiotropic effects for the most effective treatments of hypertension and its complications.departmental bulletin pape

Ultimate low system dark-count rate for superconducting nanowire single-photon detector

journal articl

脱原発政策をめぐる政治過程 : ドイツの政治過程と日本政治への示唆

departmental bulletin pape

<地域研究>中心市街地活性化法の現状と高崎市をモデルケースとした経済効果の分析について

departmental bulletin pape

Supplemental Material for Carja and Plotkin, 2019

Supplementary Material for the paper 'Evolutionary rescue through partly heritable phenotypic variability', Carja and Plotkin, 2019

The Relationship Between Dispersal Syndrome and Spatial Aggregation among 425 Tropical Tree Species, Restricted to Mature Trees Only (Stem Diameter > 5 cm)

<p>The figure shows the mean spatial cluster size σ for tree species in each of seven dispersal syndromes. Dispersal syndromes are significantly associated with spatial aggregation among mature trees (Kruskal-Wallis, df = 6, χ² = 46.7, <i>p</i> < 10⁻⁶).</p

The Spatial Aggregation Statistic, <i>K(d),</i> Evaluated at a Range of Distances for Tree Species in Four Dispersal Syndromes

<p>Within each dispersal syndrome, the graph shows the mean <i>K(d)</i> value ± 1 standard error. A species is aggregated at distance <i>d</i> if <i>K(d)</i> exceeds unity. Dotted lines indicate <i>K(d)</i> for a Poisson random spatial distribution. All species are strongly aggregated at small spatial scales and weakly aggregated at large scales. At spatial scales <i>d</i> ≤ 75 m, each of the dispersal types has a significantly different mean <i>K(d)</i> value (Wilcoxon <i>p</i> < 0.008). At larger spatial scales (<i>d</i> > 200m), spatial aggregation is not significantly correlated with dispersal syndrome. (The other three dispersal syndromes are omitted for clarity.)</p

Examples of Mapped Tree Populations for Four Species in the 50-ha Pasoh Forest Plot

<p>Upper left, Baccaurea racemosa (animal dispersed; <i>n</i> = 1,228, σ = 146.5 m); lower left, Neobalanocarpus heimii (gravity dispersed; <i>n</i> = 3,334, σ = 86.7 m); upper right, Shorea leprosula (gyration dispersed; <i>n</i> = 2,154, σ = 33.1 m); lower right Croton argyratus (ballistically dispersed; <i>n</i> = 1,248, σ = 27.9 m).</p

The Relationship between Dispersal Syndrome and Spatial Aggregation for 561 Tree Species at Pasoh, Malaysia

<p>The figure shows the mean ± 1 standard error of the spatial cluster size (σ) for tree species in each of seven dispersal syndromes.</p