Up-regulation of Gr1^+CD11b^+ cell population in the spleen of NaClO-administered mice works to repair skin wounds

名古屋大学Nagoya University博士(医学)In wound healing, early infiltration of neutrophils followed by macrophage infiltration are important defense mechanisms for repair of tissue damage. Here we examined the effects of neutrophils on wound healing. Administration of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) to mouse skin induces neutrophil recruitment to the wound site and repeated administration of NaClO was shown to prolong wound healing. Examination of the spleens of mice whose wounds were repeatedly treated with NaClO, showed that GR-1^+CD11b^+ cells were up regulated in the recovery phase of wounding. Many of the GR-1^+CD11b^+ cells in the mouse bone marrow were neutrophils, as indicated by a ring-shaped nucleus, and some of the cells were immature myeloid-lineage cells. GR-1^+CD11b^+ cells from bone marrow were sorted and injected intravenously to syngeneic Imprinting Control Region (ICR) mice. The mice that received GR-1^+CD11b^+ cells recovered faster than the mice injected with the control, phosphate buffer saline (PBS).名古屋大学博士学位論文 学位の種類 : 博士(医学)(課程) 学位授与年月日:平成25年3月25日 原真由氏の博士論文として提出されたdoctoral thesi

ダフニ修道院とオリンピア遺跡における災害復旧工事の理念と手法 (文化遺産防災に関わる海外の事例)

departmental bulletin pape

Digital health technology used in emergency large-scale vaccination campaigns in low- and middle-income countries: a narrative review for improved pandemic preparedness

Large-scale vaccination campaigns can benefit from using digital health tools, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Selecting the best tool to fit into a pre-existing digital landscape can be challenging. We conducted a narrative review in PubMed and the grey literature for data available within 5 years to provide an overview of digital health tools used in large-scale vaccination campaigns for outbreak response in LMICs. We discuss tools used along the typical steps of a vaccination process. Digital tool functionalities and technical specifications, open-source options, data privacy and security concerns, and lessons learned from the use of these tools are discussed. The landscape of digital health tools for large-scale vaccination processes in LMICs is growing. For efficient implementation, countries should prioritize the appropriate tool(s) depending on their needs and available resources, develop a robust framework around data privacy and security, and select sustainable features. Improving internet connectivity and digital literacy in LMICs will facilitate adoption. This review may aid LMICs still needing to prepare large-scale vaccination campaigns in the selection of supporting digital health tools. Further research on impact and cost-effectiveness is needed.</p

Viral shedding following challenge with HPAI.

<p>Nasal washes were collected every other day immediately following challenge. RT-PCR was performed to determine the RNA copy number from each group.</p

Survival and weight loss following H5N1 ferret challenge.

<p>(a) Kaplan-Meier curve of ferrets challenged with an H5N1 virus (A/Vietnam/1203/04). Ferrets were immunized and electroporated three times with the indicated constructs. One month following the final immunization, ferrets were challenged intranasally with a lethal dose of an H5N1 influenza virus. (b) Maximum weight loss in each group. Error bars represent 1 standard deviation from the mean, and are shown only in the positive direction for clarity.</p

Induction of antigen-specific immune responses in BALB/C mice.

<p>(a) Quantification of IFN-γ secreting CD8+ T cells at one month following the final immunization. Splenocytes were stimulated with pools of overlapping peptides spanning the length of the antigen, separated into multiple pools. Also included are CD8-depleted controls. (b) Endpoint antibody ELISA from serum collected from mice immunized with pH5HA. All error bars represent ±1 standard deviation from the mean, and are representative of three independent experiments.</p

Kaplan-Meier survival curve in mice challenged with (a) H1N1 influenza (A/PR/8/34) and (b) H5N1 influenza (A/Vietnam/1203/04).

<p>All mice were immunized with pNP (except for naïve) and depleted of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, both, or neither.</p

Quantitative Comparison of Homologies Between Component and Consensus Sequences.

<p>Quantitative description of consensus immunogen design. This table describes the advantages of using a consensus immunogen to protect against an unknown emerging influenza virus.</p

Induction of antigen-specific immune responses in rhesus macaques.

<p>Purified PBMCs were analyzed two weeks following the second immunization for antigen-specific interferon-γ responses. Values from media-stimulated controls were subtracted from the corresponding antigen-stimulated monkey samples.</p

Hemagglutination inhibition activity in rhesus macaques following two immunizations.

<p>HI activity is shown for clade 1 (A/Vietnam/1203/04), clade 2.1 (A/Anhui/01/05), and a more divergent clade 2.1 (A/Indonesia/05/05). Naïve monkeys showed no detectable HI activity against any of the indicated strains.</p