Effects of food texture on the coordination between tongue pressure and propulsion of food bolus during the oropharyngeal phase of swallowing

新潟大学博士（歯学）新潟大学平成20年3月24日新大院博（歯）第126号新大院博（歯）甲第126号thesi

Up-regulation of Gr1^+CD11b^+ cell population in the spleen of NaClO-administered mice works to repair skin wounds

名古屋大学Nagoya University博士(医学)In wound healing, early infiltration of neutrophils followed by macrophage infiltration are important defense mechanisms for repair of tissue damage. Here we examined the effects of neutrophils on wound healing. Administration of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) to mouse skin induces neutrophil recruitment to the wound site and repeated administration of NaClO was shown to prolong wound healing. Examination of the spleens of mice whose wounds were repeatedly treated with NaClO, showed that GR-1^+CD11b^+ cells were up regulated in the recovery phase of wounding. Many of the GR-1^+CD11b^+ cells in the mouse bone marrow were neutrophils, as indicated by a ring-shaped nucleus, and some of the cells were immature myeloid-lineage cells. GR-1^+CD11b^+ cells from bone marrow were sorted and injected intravenously to syngeneic Imprinting Control Region (ICR) mice. The mice that received GR-1^+CD11b^+ cells recovered faster than the mice injected with the control, phosphate buffer saline (PBS).名古屋大学博士学位論文 学位の種類 : 博士(医学)(課程) 学位授与年月日:平成25年3月25日 原真由氏の博士論文として提出されたdoctoral thesi

ダフニ修道院とオリンピア遺跡における災害復旧工事の理念と手法 (文化遺産防災に関わる海外の事例)

departmental bulletin pape

Flow cytometric analysis of the percentage of HCV-specific IFN-γ+ T cell responses from isolated lymphocytes from the spleen, untransfected liver and transfected liver.

<p>Lymphocytes from each animal (n = 5) were isolated and individually analyzed for NS4B-, NS5A- or NS5B-specific T cell responses. The isolated lymphocytes were intracellularly stained for IFN-γ and analyzed with flow cytometry. <b>A</b>) Representative animal from each group. The values shown are the averaged response of five individual animals. <b>B</b>), <b>C</b>) and <b>D</b>) Graphical representation comparing the average percentage of HCV-specific CD4+ IFN-γ+ T cell responses in the liver before and after transfection. Values are reported as the average percent ± SE of CD4+ IFN-γ+ T cell responses to <b>A</b>) pConNS4B, <b>B</b>) pConNS5A, <b>C</b>) pConNS5B. <b>E, F,</b> and <b>G</b>) Graphical representation comparing the average percentage of HCV-specific CD8+ IFN-γ+ T cell responses in the liver before and after transfection. Values are reported as the average percent ± SE of CD8+ IFN-γ+ T cell responses to <b>E</b>) pConNS4B, <b>F</b>) pConNS5A, <b>G</b>) pConNS5B. Significance was determined by Student's <i>t</i> test (*p<0.05, **p<0.005 and ***p<0.0005).</p

Animals with Complete Viral Suppression.

<p>Animals with Complete Viral Suppression.</p

CTLA-4 blockade enhances the proliferative capacity of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells.

<p>Fresh PBMCs isolated after the second immunization were stained with CFSE and stimulated with SIVgag, env, and pol peptides <i>in vitro</i> for 5 days to determine the proliferative capacity of antigen-specific cells. The proliferative capacity of the CD4⁺(<b>a</b>) and CD8⁺ (<b>b</b>) T cell compartments are shown as stacked group mean responses ± SEM. Statistical differences between groups were determined by a one-way ANOVA with a Tukey post-hoc test.</p

Flow cytometric analysis of the percentage of HCV-specific IFN-γ+ T cell responses from isolated liver lymphocytes.

<p>Values are reported as the average percent ± SE of HCV-specific <b>A</b>) CD4+ IFN-γ+ or <b>B</b>) CD8+ IFN-γ+ T cell responses of each animal (n = 5) from each group. Significance was determined by Student's <i>t</i> test (*p<0.05, **p<0.005 and ***p<0.0005).</p

Maintenance of memory T cells.

<p>PBMCs were collected from immunized macaques at 10 months following a fourth immunization to evaluate memory IFN-γ responses. Cells were then stimulated with SIVmac239 gag (white bars), env (grey bars), and pol (black bars) peptide pools in 18-hour IFN-γ ELISpot assays (<b>a</b>). PBMCs were also labelled with CFSE and stimulated with pooled SIVmac239 gag (white bars), env (grey bars), and pol (black bars) peptides for 5 days. Cells were then stained for phenotypic markers and analyzed by flow cytometry to determine the proliferative response to each antigen (<b>b and c</b>). For both ELISpot and proliferation assays, error bars represent mean responses ± SEM.</p

REDD1 does not affect upregulation of activation markers CD69 or CD25.

<p>Wildtype (WT) and knockout (KO) mouse lymph node cells were stimulated with 1.5 μg/ml PHA and CD69 and CD25 expression was measured by flow cytometry. <b>(A)</b> Representative flow plots of CD69 and CD25 staining gated on CD4 or CD8 T cells. The percentage of WT and KO cells falling within the gate are indicated in the corner of each panel. <b>(B)</b> Average percentages of CD4 or CD8 T cells expressing CD69 and CD25 after stimulation. N = 4 WT; N = 4 KO.</p

Modulation of Th1/Th2 responses following DNA vaccination with antibody adjuvants.

<p>An IFN-γ ELISpot was used to measure the Th1 response following each immunization (<b>a</b>). The relative contribution of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells to the IFN-γ response was measured by ELISpot following CD8⁺ T cell depletion of PBMCs isolated after the fourth immunization (<b>b</b>). The Th2 response was assessed by IL-4 production. ELISpot assay (<b>c</b>). Statistical differences between groups was determined by doing pair-wise Mann-Whitney tests with a Bonferroni adjustment with p values less than 0.01 being significant (** = p<0.01). Pair-wise values: CTLA-4 vs. Saline or DNA (p = 0.002, p = 0.009, respectively); Combo vs. Saline, DNA, or 4-1BB (p = 0.002, p = 0.002, p = 0.009, respectively).</p