The Classical Nucleation Model : Entire Process of Crystal Growth and Application to Chirality Conversion

With the use of the classical nucleation model, the passage from the initial stage of nucleation to the final stage of Ostwald ripening is surveyed. Direct numerical integration confirms that, under weak initial supersaturation, the drop of supersaturation occurs with a long delay but the relative drop is deep. For various initial supersaturation, the cluster size distribution approaches the single Lifshits‐Slyozov‐Wagner form. Based on an analysis of current in the cluster size space, a single variable model to describe the time evolution of supersaturation is proposed. The classical nucleation model is generalized and applied to the problem of chirality conversion with grinding crystals.14th International Summer School on Crystal Growth ( 1–7 August 2010, Dalian (China))conference pape

Application of the MIAMI method to 3T3-L1 cells.

<p>We applied the MIAMI method to 3T3-L1 cells that were differentiated (DIF) and undifferentiated (UNDIF). We defined resistance as reciprocal sensitivity. Therefore, <i>Hpa</i> II-sensitive (cleavable) DNA and <i>Msp</i> I-sensitive (cleavable) DNA were amplified and used to calculate <i>Hpa</i> II resistance (HR) and <i>Msp</i> I resistance (MR), respectively. Values of log (HR_DIF/HR_UNDIF) are plotted on the <i>x</i>-axis and log (MR_DIF/MR_UNDIF) are plotted on the <i>y</i>-axis. Two genes indicated by arrows are clearly hypomethylated after differentiation.</p

Additional file 3 of Efficient generation of epigenetic disease model mice by epigenome editing using the piggyBac transposon system

Additional file 3. A detailed locus map, including gRNA, targeting primers, and assayed CpGs

Additional file 1 of Efficient generation of epigenetic disease model mice by epigenome editing using the piggyBac transposon system

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Plasmid maps of the all-in-one vectors used in this study. Fig. S2. High TG integration efficiency in 11.5 dpc embryos generated using 1 and 7 ng/μl of hyPBase and PB vector, respectively. Fig. S3. Optimization of hyPBase and PB vector concentrations for generation of TG epigenome-edited mice. Fig. S4. Correlation of embryo DNA methylation with embryo and placental weights. Fig. S5. Correlation between H19-DMR DNA methylation at sites m1–m4 and gene expression. Fig. S6. Representative chromatograms of transgene integration loci. Fig. S7. Correlation between food intake and body weight

Additional file 2 of Efficient generation of epigenetic disease model mice by epigenome editing using the piggyBac transposon system

Additional file 2. gRNA used in this study. Primers for in vitro transcription. Primers to check for vector integration. Primers for COBRA and amplicon bisulfite sequencing. Primers for quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Primers for copy number analysis. Primers for inverse PCR (nested PCR)

The Pathogenesis of Focal Glomerulosclerosis : Nonimmunologic Mechanisms of Glomerular Injury in Renal Ablation Model

The incidence of focal segmental sclerosis was studied in the two experimental models using two rat strains, Wistar and Nagase analbuminemia rats (NAR). In the Wistar rats, one week after left 2/3 kidney infarction, the right kidney was removed in Group 1 and the right ureter was ligated in Group 2. Glomerular hypertrophy and morphological changes such as epithelial reabsorption droplets and focal segmental sclerosis were observed in Group 1, but these changes were less severe in the rats of Group 2. In another experiment, the incidence of glomerular injury was studied in NAR which were characterized by analbuminemia and serve hyperlipidemia. Ten NAR underwent 5/6 nephrectomy, and were divided into two groups. Four rats were treated with captopril (500 mg/L in drinking water) and 6 rats were untreated. After 4 weeks, untreated NAR exhibited severe hypertension and moderate proteinuria, but captopril-treated NAR showed normotension and mild proteinuria. Morphological studies revealed that glomerular hypertrophy, massive reabsorption droplets in epithelial cells and segmental sclerosis developed in untreated NAR. Nevertheless, no pathological lesions were detected in captopril-treated animals, in spite of the fact that the degree of hyperlipidemia did not differ significantly between the two groups. These data suggest that focal segmental sclerosis was always preceded by glomerular hypertrophy, and hyperlipidemia did not play a crucial role in developing focal segmental sclerosis in renal ablation model.departmental bulletin pape

Additional file 5 of Efficient generation of epigenetic disease model mice by epigenome editing using the piggyBac transposon system

Additional file 5. Detailed data, including body weight, placental weight, DNA methylation, and gene expression in18.5 dpc embryos

Additional file 4 of Efficient generation of epigenetic disease model mice by epigenome editing using the piggyBac transposon system

Additional file 4. Source data of amplicon bisulfite sequencing analysis

Transcriptional activity regulated by WGEF upstream region.

<p>WGEF upstream region containing exon 1 was ligated to pGL3-Basic vector. Reporter constructs with 10 nucleotides deletions (−81, −40 and +120 positions) were produced. These reporter constructs were transfected to 3T3-L1 cells. Transcriptional activity is shown as relative luciferase (Luc) activity. Data are the mean +/− standard deviations in triplicate of three independent experiments: *<i>P</i><0.05.</p

The primer sequence used for COBRA and real-time PCR.

<p>The primer sequence used for COBRA and real-time PCR.</p