年次賞与のKPI （Key Performance Indicator）に関する一考察

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期待に働きかける金融政策と無責任な中央銀行

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Quantitative soil profile-scale assessment of the sustainability of long-term maize residue and tillage management

application/pdfBoth surface and subsoil layers can be a significant source of soil moisture and nutrients for crop growth, but the changes in subsoil properties due to management are rarely assessed. This study was conducted to determine tillage and residue management effects on soil nutrient availability, as well as soil biological and physical conditions throughout soil layers ranging from 0 to 60?cm. We utilized an experiment with 40-year long continuous maize (Zea mays L.) cropping under crossed plow-till (PT) vs. no-till (NT) and residue removed (Harv) vs. residue returned (Ret) treatments on a silt loam soil in Chazy, NY. We assessed soil properties that are indicative of soil processes important for crop growth. Soil physical indicators (texture, bulk density (BD), water stable aggregation (WSA), available water capacity (AWC), and air-filled porosity (AFP)), soil biological indicators (soil organic matter (SOM), permanganate oxidizable carbon, mineralizable carbon, and soil protein), and soil chemical indicators (pH and plant available nutrients) were measured at five depth increments (0?6, 6?18, 18?30, 30?45, and 45- to 60-cm depth). A novel statistical approach of marginal R2 (R2m) was used to show percent variance of each measured soil indicator explained by tillage and residue management as well as the depth of soil sample. R2m was higher for soil biological indicators (0.66?<?R2m?<?0.91), compared to AWC and those nutrients that are not applied through fertilizer application (0.11?<?R2m?<?0.53). NT-Ret showed the highest concentration of majority of the measured soil nutrients, and higher accumulation of SOM related properties across depths. This was partly explained by favorable soil physical conditions indicated by BD, WSA, and AFP at the transition layer (18- to 30-cm depth) that allowed for the vertical exchange of soil water, nutrients, and SOM related properties between the topsoil and the subsoil layers. The PT treatments showed the absence of SOM transfer across the transition layer, whereas NT-Harv showed nutrient depletion at the transition and subsoil layers. This study revealed significant alteration of soil biological, chemical, and physical indicators depending on the treatment combinations, which can be ignored if surface sampling is solely used. Benefits of residue return appear more significant when combined with no-till for 1) providing better soil physical conditions and 2) maintaining adequate nutrient availability across a soil profile especially when considering subsoil properties. c 2017 Elsevier B.V.journal articl

19世紀パリ・ブルジョワの肖像 ルメートル自伝より

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育児期女性のライフコース展望に関連する要因の検討

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Studies on Water Pollution and Aquatic Insects in the Takahashi River Part I

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Physiological response during a novel circuit weight training “CrossFit-style” protocol for Judo competitors

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Mathematics and Chemistry Interdisciplinary Joint Research and the Fukui Project VI

publisherThis is the sixth part of the series of articles that records and further develops essentials of the Mathematics and Chemistry Interdisciplinary Symposium 2013 Tsuyama, whose main themes were symmetry, periodicity, and repetition. The symposium was held on April 5th and 6th in Tsuyama city, Okayama, Japan, in conjunction with the Fukui Project and was devoted to the memory of the late Professor Kenichi Fukui (1981 Nobel Prize) who initiated the project. The present series also provides challenging cross-disciplinary problems which are directly related to the Fukui conjecture and to recent carbon nanotube research. Most of these problems are formulated using mathematical language of unique factorization domain (UFD) and related notions, which are not well known among chemists despite the importance of these notions in elucidating additivity and high-speed asymptotic phenomena in molecules having many repeating identical moieties.departmental bulletin pape

Study of the Relationship of Trust and Skepticism with Media Literacy among University students, with a focus on Documentary Programs

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John Robert Seeleyの政治学講義

application/pdfHistory without political science has no fruit, political science without history has no root. John Robert Seeley, Professor of History at Cambridge, demonstrated admirably the truth of this aphorism in his introductory lecture on political science. The purpose of this thesis is the elucidation of his theory. I cannot fully appreciate either the degree or the value of his influence upon the development of political science. Of course to systematize a political science based on historical facts is by no means easy. But it is very significant that he had a firm belief in the right method of studying this science. Historical method always for political science! Inductively pursued, political science would live and move among historical facts. And in his lectures he gave some examples of application of his method and presented typical patterns of generalities coagulated from a vast treasure of his historical knowledge. I think this effort of Seeley's is most valuable. In respect to the criticism of Seeley's view, I refer to the books by Ernest Barker, J. W. Burgess and G. E. G. Catlin.departmental bulletin pape