ROCKET OBSERVATION OF VLF RADIO WAVES IN THE IONOSPHERE

1970-03-30The result of radio noise observation with VLF wide band receiver on board the K-9M-26 rocket is discussed. On the flight we observed a large number of short fractional-hop whistlers originating around the launching site. From the altitude dependence of their dispersion the electron density profile of the ionosphere with layer structure is derived. Also the analysis of ordinary whistlers shows that the whistlers which have emerged once above the maximum density region of the ionosphere, echo back and forth between both hemisphereres taking non-ducted propagation, resulting in large dispersion.departmental bulletin pape

Eine Betrachtung über Kettenspannungsänderung durch Fachaushebung

Bei der Erzeugung eines aus chemischen Fasern bestandenen Gewebes erscheint es besonderes von grösster Wichtigkeit, zunächst den Einfluss der Fachaushebung auf die Kettfäden schärfer zu präzisieren und die Gewebequalität und ihre Einstellung vervollzukommen. Nämlich sollen sich alle Kettfäden während des Webens in einem Zustand gleichmässiger Spannung befinden, damit ein reines Webfach entsteht, in das der Schussfaden eingetragen und an den Warenrand angeschlagen warden kann. Im allgemeinen kann dies durch das Zusammenwirken von Kettenablass- und Warenabziehvorrichtungen eingestell t werden. Aus statischem Gesichtpunkt haben wir zunächst versuchsweise die Kettenspannungsänderung durch Fachaushebung untersucht. Hierbei haben wir zum Zweck gehabt, die geeignetesten Fachbildegetriebe fiir das Weben mit chemischen Fasern entwerfen zu können.departmental bulletin pape

Monitoring of intracellular 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-triphosphate in 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine therapy at low and conventional doses.

1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) is used empirically at a low, conventional, or high dose. Ara-C therapy may be optimal if it is directed by the clinical pharmacokinetics of the intracellular active metabolite of ara-C, 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5'-triphosphate (ara-CTP). However, ara-CTP has seldom been monitored during low- and conventional-dose ara-C therapies because detection methods were insufficiently sensitive. Here, with the use of our newly established method (Cancer Res., 56, 1800 -- 1804 (1996)), ara-CTP was monitored in leukemic cells from acute myelogenous leukemia patients receiving low- or conventional-dose ara-C [subcutaneous ara-C administration (10 mg / m(2) ) (3 patients), continuous ara-C infusion (20 or 70 mg / m(2) / 24 h) (7 patients), 2-h ara-C infusion (70 mg / m(2) ) (4 patients), and 2-h infusion of N(4)-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, a deaminase-resistant ara-C derivative (70 mg / m(2) ) (6 patients)]. Ara-CTP could be determined at levels under 1 microM. There was a close correlation between the elimination half-life values of the plasma ara-C and the intracellular ara-CTP. The presence of ara-C in the plasma was important to maintain ara-CTP. The continuous ara-C and the 2-h N(4)-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine infusions maintained ara-CTP and the plasma ara-C longer than the subcutaneous ara-C or the 2-h ara-C infusion. They also afforded relatively higher ara-CTP concentrations, and consequently produced ara-CTP more efficiently than the 2-h ara-C infusion. Different administration methods produced different quantities of ara-CTP even at the same dose.othe

Low Temperature Phase of Asymmetric Spin Glass Model in Two Dimensions

We investigate low temperature properties of a random Ising model with +J and –aJ (a≠1) bonds in two dimensions using a cluster heat bath method. It is found that the Binder parameters gL for different sizes of the lattice come together at almost the same temperature, implying the occurrence of the spin glass (SG) phase transition. From results of finite size scaling analyses, we suggest that the SG phase really occurs at low temperatures, which is characterized by a power law decay of spin correlations

MOESM1 of Copy number of 8q24.3 drives HSF1 expression and patient outcome in cancer: an individual patient data meta-analysis

Additional file 1 : Table S1. Data Collected. Table S2. Descriptive characteristics of all individuals (n = 9568) with 8q24.3 homogenous copy number alteration information, first cancer diagnosis and 5-year follow-up. Table S3. Results of the 2-step individual patient data meta-analyses to assess the effect of 8q24.3 copy number variants on prognosis. Table S4. Five-year mortality by 8q24.3 copy number alteration using diploidy as a reference. Table S5. Five-year mortality of 15 cancer types with most cases of 8q24.3 gain and amplification using diploidy as a reference. Appendix 1. Flow chart illustrating selection of individuals for individual patient data meta-analysis. Appendix 2. Overview of HSF1 expression per histological subtype. Appendix 3. Expression of HSF1 in function of HSF1 copy number alteration per histological subtype. Appendix 4. Number of publication and description of selected cancer-related genes per field located in 8q24.3 cytoband. Appendix 5. Influence of 8q24.3 copy number alteration on other cancer-related genes expression located in 8q24.3 loci and comparison of expression with HSF1 per tissue. Appendix 6. Simple linear regressions of predicted 8q24.3 copy number alteration compared to the expression of genes located in 8q24.3 per tissue

Top3 is enriched at IGRs, centromeres, and sub-telomeric regions.

<p>(A) ChIP-chip relative enrichment of Top3-myc along chromosome III at 30°C. The schematic picture shows the approximate position of the centromere and the subtelomeric regions. Telomeric repeats are not represented on the array. (B) Moving average for the relative enrichment of Top3, Top2 and Top1 after alignment of genes at the TSS and TTS, respectively. Error bars represent 99% confidence intervals. The bottom bar illustrates statistical significance by t-tests for the difference between the graphs at each point using a continuous spectrum from black (p = 1) via red to yellow (p = 0). (C) Overlaps between 5′IGRs with an average >1.5-fold and 3′IGRs with an average >2-fold relative enrichment of Top3, Top2 and Top1, respectively. The overlaps are statistically significant (p<0.001) by pair-wise hyper-geometric distribution tests. All data is an average of two independent experiments.</p

DNA Topoisomerase III Localizes to Centromeres and Affects Centromeric CENP-A Levels in Fission Yeast

<div><p>Centromeres are specialized chromatin regions marked by the presence of nucleosomes containing the centromere-specific histone H3 variant CENP-A, which is essential for chromosome segregation. Assembly and disassembly of nucleosomes is intimately linked to DNA topology, and DNA topoisomerases have previously been implicated in the dynamics of canonical H3 nucleosomes. Here we show that <i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i> Top3 and its partner Rqh1 are involved in controlling the levels of CENP-A^Cnp1 at centromeres. Both <i>top3</i> and <i>rqh1</i> mutants display defects in chromosome segregation. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation and tiling microarrays, we show that Top3, unlike Top1 and Top2, is highly enriched at centromeric central domains, demonstrating that Top3 is the major topoisomerase in this region. Moreover, centromeric Top3 occupancy positively correlates with CENP-A^Cnp1 occupancy. Intriguingly, both <i>top3</i> and <i>rqh1</i> mutants display increased relative enrichment of CENP-A^Cnp1 at centromeric central domains. Thus, Top3 and Rqh1 normally limit the levels of CENP-A^Cnp1 in this region. This new role is independent of the established function of Top3 and Rqh1 in homologous recombination downstream of Rad51. Therefore, we hypothesize that the Top3-Rqh1 complex has an important role in controlling centromere DNA topology, which in turn affects the dynamics of CENP-A^Cnp1 nucleosomes.</p> </div

The <i>top3-105</i> mutant carries an Y209C amino acid substitution and displays impaired growth at 36°C.

<p>(A) Alignment of Top3 amino acid sequences from different species. The position corresponding to Y209 of <i>S. pombe</i> Top3 is highlighted in grey. The amino acids are colored according to their physiochemical properties. An asterisk (*) indicates a fully conserved residue, a colon (:) indicates conservation between groups of strongly similar properties, and a period (.) indicates conservation between groups of weakly similar properties between all species. (B) Spotting of the indicated strains in 5-fold serial dilutions on plates incubated at 25°C, 30°C and 36°C. (C) Growth kinetics of the indicated strains in liquid media after a shift from 25°C to 36°C at time zero.</p

Top3 and Rqh1 are required for chromosome segregation.

<p>(A) Light and fluorescence microscopy images of the indicated strains with DAPI staining of the DNA after 8 hours at 36°C. (B) Light and fluorescence microscopy images of wild type and <i>top3-105</i> mutant cells after 8 hours at 36°C. The table shows the numbers of cells displaying normal and defective chromosome segregation among 40 late anaphase cells (with a mitotic spindle and two separate foci of DNA) or 40 telophase cells (with a septum) for the indicated strains after 8 hours at 36°C. The scale bars represents 6.65 µM.</p

Top3 has small effects on gene transcription.

<p>Average RNA levels in wild type and the <i>top3-105</i> mutant after 8 hours at 36°C when genes are aligned at the TSS and TTS, respectively. Error bars represent 99% confidence intervals. The bottom bar illustrates statistical significance for the difference between the graphs at each point using a continuous spectrum going from black (p = 1) via red to yellow (p = 0). All data is an average of two independent experiments.</p