73 research outputs found
Domain distributions in tetragonal Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films probed by polarized Raman spectroscopy
We have investigated polarized Raman spectra of (001)/(100)-oriented tetragonal epitaxial Pb(ZrxTi1–x)O3 (PZT) thin films (x=~0.35) in which the volume fraction of the polar c domain is systematically varied from 4% to 96%. From polarization analyses using high epitaxial quality films, we have successfully isolated the A1 and B1 phonons from the E phonons, thus offering a distinctive evaluation of the c domains. As increasing c-domain volume, the A1(TO) modes linearly increase in their intensity. A remarkable correlation is found between the A1(1TO)-mode intensity and the c-domain volume for PZT films. We suggest that this correlation as well as the A1(1TO)-mode intensity provide a simple and useful probe for characterization of c-domain volume and ferroelectric properties in PZT-based devices
19世紀後半のマニラにおける風の日変化に関する気候学的特徴
1868年1月~1883年6月のマニラにおける風の日変化とその季節変化について調査した。結果として、年間の風向出現頻度には海陸風循環に対応する日変化が認められ、日中には西よりの風が、夕方から早朝には東よりの風の出現頻度が高くなる傾向にあった。静穏の出現頻度は6時頃に最も高く、この時間帯が凪に対応する。風の日変化の季節推移には、モンスーンや貿易風の卓越時期による違いが認められた。南西モンスーン期には、1日を通して南西~西の風の頻度が高くなっていた。14~15時頃には海風も加わり、風が強くなる傾向にあった。北東モンスーン期には、1日を通して北東~東の風の頻度が高くなっていたが、風は南西モンスーン期ほど強くない。貿易風の卓越期には、日中の西よりの風に加えて、東南東~南東の風の頻度が1日を通して高く、日中に西よりの風だけでなく、東よりの風も強くなることがわかった。departmental bulletin pape
The Energy Conservation Policy in China : Based on the Comparison with Japan
省エネルギーは、環境問題、エネルギーの安定供給、経済成長という3者のトリレンマ(trilemma)を解く鍵として重要であると高く評価されている。中国は、1980年から政府主導の省エネルギー政策を推進してきた。エネルギー対GDPの弾性値は1980年以後、0.53以下に抑えられ、大きな省エネルギー効果が見られる。しかし、中国においては更なる省エネルギーの可能性が残されている。日本の省エネルギー政策に関する研究は、母国の中国では非常に重視されているが、日本では中国の省エネルギー政策に関する研究はあまり見られない。そこで、本稿では、日本の省エネルギー政策及びその経済的な役割を簡単に考察する上で、中国の省エネルギー政策を(1)直接規制的手段(Direct Regulatory Instruments)、(2)経済的手段(Economic Instruments)、(3)普及・啓発(Information and Consultative Approach)の三分法に分類して分析してみた。その結果、中国では、直接規制的手段を重視し、経済的手段を活用されていないことが明らかになった。更なる省エネルギーを実現するために、これから、行政管理に頼る従来の政策をとることなく、日本のような「ムチ」と「アメ」を組み合わせる省エネルギー政策の策定が望まれている。研究ノートapplication/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape
Teaching material development for childhood natural learning leadership training
departmental bulletin pape
Productivity Growth, On-the-Job Search, and Unemployment
This paper studies the impact of long-run productivity growth on job finding and separation rates, and thus the unemployment rate, using a search and matching model. We incorporate disembodied technological progress and on-the-job search into the endogenous job separation model of Mortensen and Pissarides (1994). The incorporation of on-the-job search allows faster growth to reduce unemployment by decreasing the separation rate and inducing job creation. We demonstrate that introducing on-the-job search substantially improves the ability of the Mortensen and Pissarides model to explain the impact of growth on unemployment. Our quantitative analysis shows that our model increases the magnitude of the negative impact of growth on unemployment compared to the standard matching model with disembodied technological progress.departmental bulletin pape
複素関数の指導について : 正則関数の導入方法
applicationWe have been teaching a theory of complex variable functions to the third-year students as mathematics B (consisting of two credits for a yearlong program) by use of a textbook published by Dainippontosho Publishing Co. Actually, we've been teaching just one credit of the two on the theory of complex variable functions. Such classes have been taught at two or three National Colleges of Technology so far. In teaching complex variable numbers to them, we need to carefully select teaching contents, and devise ways of teaching this subject because we want to teach it to the lower classes in the future. Anyway, this is a study to help the students enrich, improve, and better understand their mathematical scholarship.departmental bulletin pape
Re-evaluation of nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes (NUMTs) and heteroplasmy in the Japanese spiny lobster Panulirus japonicus
The Japanese spiny lobster Panulirus japonicus has been reported to harbor a numbers of nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes (NUMTs) and heteroplasmy. However, distinguishing phylogenetically young NUMTs, heteroplasmy, and PCR-cloning artefacts may be challenging. In addition, greater degradation for mtDNA than nuclear DNA in elderly tissue specimens may promote amplification of NUMTs. In this study, we performed clone library-based nucleotide sequence analysis of the partial mtDNA COI gene using genomic DNA and cDNA obtained from fresh tissues of the Japanese spiny lobster and genomic DNA obtained from three crustacean and three fish species. Minor nucleotide substitutions between clones in an individual were ubiquitously observed in all species examined including the lobster cDNA, suggesting that most of these were artefacts. Rarely, a few clones were most likely to have originated from heteroplasmic copies, as they had skewed nucleotide substitutions at the third codon. The Japanese spiny lobster is more likely than others to detect NUMTs, while the detection of NUMTs may be somewhat suppressed using genomic DNA obtained from fresh tissue.journal articl
- …
