Dark neutrino interactions make gravitational waves blue

New interactions of neutrinos can stop them from free streaming in the early Universe even after the weak decoupling epoch. This results in the enhancement of the primordial gravitational wave amplitude on small scales compared to the standard $\Lambda$CDM prediction. In this paper we calculate the effect of dark matter neutrino interactions in CMB tensor $B$-modes spectrum. We show that the effect of new neutrino interactions generates a scale or $\ell$ dependent imprint in the CMB $B$-modes power spectrum at $\ell \gtrsim 100$. In the event that primordial $B$-modes are detected by future experiments, a departure from scale invariance, with a blue spectrum, may not necessarily mean failure of simple inflationary models but instead may be a sign of non-standard interactions of relativistic particles. New interactions of neutrinos also induce a phase shift in the CMB B-mode power spectrum which cannot be mimicked by simple modifications of the primordial tensor power spectrum. There is rich information hidden in the CMB $B$-modes spectrum beyond just the tensor to scalar ratio.Comment: 31 pages, 10 figures. Version published in Phys. Rev.

Linking Media Communication Efficiencies to Stock Valuation

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Calcium intake pattern among Japanese women across five stages of health behavior change

浜松医科大学博士（医学）doctoral医学系研究科thesi

Impacts of oyster cultures on nitrogen budgets in Hiroshima Bay, the Seto Inland Sea of Japan

The impact of oyster culture on the nitrogen budget was demonstrated for the northern Hiroshima Bay. The output from a simple two-layer box model and nitrogen measurements in the bay over a 1 year period were used to estimate the nitrogen budget in the northern Hiroshima Bay （NH）. The annual dissolved inorganic nitrogen （DIN） budgets indicated that all input terms to the northern Hiroshima Bay were equivalent to 22±7.8 ton N d－1, whereas DIN export to the central part of the bay was equivalent to 14±13 ton N d－1. These results suggest that a significant part of DIN input is consumed by phytoplankton and converted into the particulate form in the NH region. Estimated filtration rates of cultured oysters （7.3 ton N d－1） suggested that oyster cultures play a significant role for removing the particulate N from the water column in Hiroshima Bay. In addition, the amount of nitrogen harvested as oyster products was about 0.66 ton N d－1, which is about 6% of daily terrestrial DIN input into the NH region. The removal rate through oyster harvesting is five times higher than that by fishing activities, suggesting that oyster culture plays a significant role on the recycling of nitrogen from Hiroshima Bay to the land.departmental bulletin pape

二人の批評家に関する覚書―小林秀雄と吉田秀和―

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専修大学商学部創立50周年に寄せて

othe

Disruption Management for Commercial Aviation

Airlines are constantly facing operational disruptions such as reduced airport capacity because of bad weather or strikes, unexpected aircraft unavailability due to mechanical failures, and delayed or cancelled flights. In view of this, ROADEF organized a worldwide challenge to explore the problems encountered in real world airlines when disruptions happen and find approaches to tackle them. In this paper, a new continuous time aircraft routing model is developed which can minimize aircraft delay cost accurately and efficiently handle all types of disruptions encountered in ROADEF. Applying a new decomposition　algorithm, near optimal solutions for aircraft routing can be obtained. A passenger re-accommodation model is solved subsequently using the results from the aircraft routing model as input. Competitive results are obtained applying the proposed approach to instances provided by ROADEF.departmental bulletin pape

みちくさ（創作）

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Samuel Carter

26-1ClaimsReport : Claim of of S. Carter. [373] Creek Indians in West Flordia; 1837.1840-15