Gyrotron cavity analysis for single mode third-harmonic,continuous-wave operation at a sub-terahertz and terahertz frequencies

A cavity design of a 395 GHz gyrotron for DNP experiments operating at the third cyclotron harmonic is presented. The gyrotron is designed to operate at the TE6,4-mode,which allows one to produce several hundreds watts output power with the density of ohmic losses acceptable for continuous operation. It is shown that the desired mode is well separated from competing modes. Special attention is paid to the effect of imperfections in resonator fabrication on the gyrotron performance. It is found that to keep the gyrotron performance close to the designed data obtained for an ideal resonator shape the resonator should be fabricated with the tolerances of about one micron,which seems doable in view of the recent experimental data. The same analysis presented for third harmonic 1 THz gyrotron with TE9,7 operating mode. The results demonstrate the moderate optimism for high frequency gyrotrons using ordinary magnet systems.research repor

台灣環境公害紛爭處理之探討研析

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社会科資料問題解答過程における認知構造の特性分析 : 政治・経済の大学入試問題を事例として

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Increased amplitude and frequency of mEPSCs in juvenile CA1 cells after in vivo TTX-application.

<p>(A) Summary data of the mEPSC amplitudes; insert: representative averages from single cells. (B) Summary data of the inter-event interval of mEPSCs, with representative traces as inserts.</p

Lack of multiplicative scaling after in vivo TTX-treatment.

<p>(A–C) Plots of miniature events, ranked by amplitude, from TTX-treated versus control cells are shown; inserts: cumulative distribution plots of control amplitudes and scaled TTX events (for scaling details see text; scaling factors: juvenile mEPSCs = 1.27; adult mIPSCs = 1.22; juvenile mIPSCs = 1.33). (A) mEPSCs from juveniles (linear fit equation; TTX = 1.27(Cont)−2.14; R² = 0.99). (B) mIPSCs from adults (linear fit equation; TTX = 1.22(Cont)+2.65; R² = 0.95). (C) mIPSCs from juveniles (linear fit equation; TTX = 1.33(Cont)−6.77; R² = 0.97). The scaled-back post-TTX event amplitudes (for details, see main text) remained significantly different from the control amplitudes, indicating lack of multiplicative scaling.</p

Increased amplitude, but no change in frequency, of mIPSCs in juvenile CA1 cells after in vivo TTX-application.

<p>(A) Summary data of the mIPSC amplitudes; insert: representative averages from single cells. (B) Summary data of the inter-event interval of mIPSCs, with representative traces.</p

Increased intrinsic excitability in CA1 cells from adult and juvenile rats after in vivo TTX-application.

<p>(A,B) Summary plots of action potential numbers as a function of current injection (from −60 mV; duration: 500ms; for number of cells and animals, see main text) from adult (A) and juvenile (B) rats, with representative traces from single cells. Asterisks indicate significant (p<0.05) difference between the control and TTX groups.</p

Hyperexcitability in the CA1 region of the hippocampus after in vivo activity-blockade.

<p>Forty-eight hours after implantation of the control or TTX-containing Elvax polymer, extracellular field potentials were recorded from the CA1 region in acute hippocampal slices in response to low-frequency electrical stimulation of the stratum radiatum. The figure shows summary data of the population spike amplitudes from TTX-treated and control rats (for number of slices and animals, see text), with example traces in the inserts.</p

Unchanged amplitude, but increased frequency of mEPSCs in CA1 pyramidal cells from adult animals after in vivo TTX-application.

<p>(A) Summary data (from all cells) of the mEPSC amplitudes in TTX-treated and control adult rats are shown in the form of cumulative probability plots (for numbers of events and animals, see main text); the bar graph shows the same data in the form of averages±SEM, and the insert displays representative averages of mEPSCs from single cells. (B) Summary data of the inter-event intervals of mEPSCs, with example traces.</p

Kinetics of mEPSCs and mIPSCs recorded from adult and juvenile CA1 pyramidal cells 48 hours after implantation with control Elvax or TTX Elvax (asterisks indicate significant difference (p≤0.05)).

<p>Kinetics of mEPSCs and mIPSCs recorded from adult and juvenile CA1 pyramidal cells 48 hours after implantation with control Elvax or TTX Elvax (asterisks indicate significant difference (p≤0.05)).</p