Il benessere per gli adolescenti: principali risultati della ricerca nazionale

Si presentano i risultati di una ricerca interdisciplinare sulla percezione di malessere/benessere nella popolazione giovanile italiana. La ricerca \ue8 finalizzata alla progettazione di interventi di promozione della salute e di prevenzione del disagio che tengano conto dei significati che il benessere assume per i soggetti e dei contesti d'esperienza ad essi associati

Psychological and psychotherapeutic approaches in oncology: Valorization and strengthening of the person

This paper arose from the importance of psychological and psychotherapeutic approaches in improving cancer patients' quality of life and the results of treatment. A concise yet thorough review of the relevant literature, together with the theoretical models, and the effects reported in studies and meta-analyses was conducted, with particular reference to efficacy testing. On these bases, we here present the outlines for a clinical interview aimed to increase awareness and transformative learning. This interview, which can be carried out with the patient and his/her family, is intended to strengthen the person's values and ethics and to make him/her aware of the possibilities of action, even in situations of extreme suffering. This scheme, already successfully tested on a small sample of patients and family members, can be applied within compatible theoretical models. The results are presented here of a study carried out on psychological and medical staff already working or in training which can also be extended to other professional groups involved in the care process. The study was based on reflection, consolidation, and internalization of writings on severe crisis situations by eminent authors, and therefore particularly significant in terms of ethics, values, and the construction of the self and the world

The Signal Peptide of a Recently Integrated Endogenous Sheep Betaretrovirus Envelope Plays a Major Role in Eluding Gag-Mediated Late Restriction ▿

The exogenous and pathogenic Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) coexists with highly related and biologically active endogenous retroviruses (enJSRVs). The endogenous enJS56A1 locus possesses a defective Gag polyprotein which blocks the late replication steps of related exogenous and endogenous retroviruses by a mechanism known as JSRV late restriction (JLR). Conversely, enJSRV-26, which most likely integrated into the sheep genome less than 200 years ago, is able to escape JLR. In this study, we demonstrate that the ability of enJSRV-26 to escape JLR is due to a single-amino-acid substitution in the signal peptide (SP) of its envelope glycoprotein. We show that enJSRV-26 SP does not localize to the nucleolus, unlike the functional SPs of related exogenous and endogenous sheep betaretroviruses. In addition, enJSRV-26 SP function as a posttranscriptional regulator of viral gene expression is impaired. enJSRV-26 JLR escape relies on the presence of the functional enJS56A1 SP. Moreover, we show that the ratio between enJSRV-26 and enJS56A1 Gag is critical to elude JLR. Interestingly, we found that the domestic sheep has acquired, by genome amplification, several copies of the enJS56A1 provirus. These data further reinforce the notion that transdominant enJSRV proviruses have been positively selected in domestic sheep, and that the coevolution between endogenous and exogenous sheep betaretroviruses and their host is still occurring